The ANES Guide to Public Opinion and Electoral Behavior

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Tried to Influence How Others Vote 1952-2008
PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED :      'No'


  % OF GROUP: '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '08
Males 67 ** 64 78 61 75 63 73 60 69 63 82 56 74 60 73 65 75 66 78 57 73 67 75 61 65 49 54
Females 78 ** 78 88 71 87 73 81 73 77 72 87 69 82 67 81 70 82 75 87 68 82 77 86 70 75 55 55
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '08
Whites 71 ** 71 84 65 82 68 76 68 73 68 85 63 78 63 77 65 79 71 82 60 77 71 81 65 73 49 53
Blacks 88 ** 77 78 78 83 76 89 60 81 69 89 68 83 71 77 74 81 74 86 73 86 78 84 71 62 62 58
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '08
Grade Sch./Some High Sch. 82 ** 80 88 75 87 81 89 77 89 82 94 78 89 77 85 85 92 84 94 80 92 79 87 79 81 80 69
High School Diploma 69 ** 72 85 66 84 72 79 69 78 72 88 69 85 70 83 73 84 77 87 69 85 78 87 69 77 56 64
Some College, no Degree 57 ** 58 71 56 79 56 62 59 52 56 81 52 71 56 72 62 74 65 78 57 72 69 79 67 71 49 51
College Degree/ Post-grad 53 ** 59 71 56 65 41 59 54 47 52 68 44 60 49 65 51 67 57 71 49 66 65 69 56 60 45 43
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '08
Income 0-16 Percentile 82 ** 83 88 76 89 82 88 79 88 79 94 75 87 70 81 76 87 83 89 73 83 79 89 73 ** 64 60
Income 17-33 Percentile 82 ** 78 87 75 91 72 81 72 84 70 90 68 83 73 82 74 82 78 88 68 83 78 87 69 ** 60 57
Income 34-67 Percentile 73 ** 67 82 68 80 68 79 65 77 70 84 65 78 64 77 66 79 69 82 61 78 73 83 66 ** 46 56
Income 68-95 Percentile 66 ** 66 79 57 74 63 72 58 61 61 82 56 73 56 72 62 74 61 78 54 74 64 74 58 ** 45 49
Income 96-100 Percentile 43 ** 60 75 58 75 46 59 65 50 48 62 42 68 47 74 51 65 62 73 56 64 56 69 52 ** 42 44
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '08
Professionals 56 ** 61 77 53 ** 53 ** 54 59 58 74 50 66 54 69 61 69 62 72 54 69 67 72 60 ** 44 **
White Collar 69 ** 71 73 61 ** 62 ** 69 68 66 86 60 77 65 78 68 80 69 87 64 78 73 80 67 ** 51 **
Blue Collar 66 ** 67 80 68 ** 73 ** 68 80 70 89 64 83 66 83 68 82 78 86 65 82 75 86 68 ** 53 **
Unskilled 84 ** 80 87 71 ** 69 ** 55 83 60 100 68 90 73 74 70 79 69 93 74 86 71 86 81 ** 70 **
Farmers 81 ** 71 94 66 ** 79 ** 71 81 84 85 79 75 79 80 86 84 69 85 71 83 75 100 82 ** 52 **
Housewives 80 ** 78 91 74 ** 75 ** 74 79 77 89 76 85 73 81 73 88 76 86 70 82 80 85 66 ** 68 **
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '08
Union Households 71 ** 69 79 67 ** 70 76 64 75 68 86 62 79 62 72 65 77 69 84 60 77 67 75 57 65 44 51
Non-Union Households 73 ** 73 85 66 ** 68 78 68 73 68 85 64 78 64 79 68 80 71 82 63 78 73 82 67 72 54 55
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '08
South 73 ** 75 85 68 82 71 83 65 77 68 90 64 79 64 78 71 82 72 84 66 77 74 84 66 71 59 53
Nonsouth 72 ** 71 83 66 81 68 76 68 72 68 83 63 78 64 77 66 78 71 82 61 78 72 79 66 71 49 56
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '08
Born 1991 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 59
Born 1975-1990 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 69 89 81 89 67 81 44 55
Born 1959-1974 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 86 57 78 69 83 72 85 61 78 77 81 66 73 53 48
Born 1943-1958 ** ** ** ** ** ** 67 73 66 67 62 83 60 78 61 75 65 77 68 78 56 74 67 76 64 65 51 55
Born 1927-1942 67 ** 73 83 65 82 64 76 62 65 65 85 62 76 59 77 66 73 70 80 65 77 68 79 63 67 53 75
Born 1911-1926 74 ** 70 84 66 80 68 75 68 74 70 84 64 78 69 79 68 84 74 88 73 86 75 89 73 71 75 **
Born 1895-1910 69 ** 71 81 68 79 72 82 71 84 77 90 70 86 81 88 82 88 84 93 84 84 80 100 91 100 ** **
Born before 1895 77 ** 76 86 67 89 77 86 78 96 88 92 86 84 80 67 0 100 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '08
Democrats (incl leaners) 75 ** 72 80 67 81 72 80 67 73 67 85 62 79 66 76 66 78 70 82 64 79 77 82 65 70 52 57
Independents 79 ** 76 90 71 89 76 85 73 81 81 91 75 91 79 90 81 92 86 94 77 95 82 92 80 81 66 76
Republicans (incl leaners) 66 ** 68 84 62 79 58 70 64 70 65 82 58 70 55 75 65 76 68 79 56 72 64 76 61 69 49 45
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '08
Liberals ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 49 79 50 69 53 67 55 71 65 72 53 68 74 74 60 69 40 46
Moderates ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 70 86 65 80 68 75 69 81 74 86 66 85 74 86 70 71 56 59
Conservatives ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 63 79 51 70 56 69 61 72 63 74 51 68 62 73 62 66 49 43

    ___   (underline) indicates 50 or fewer total respondents within group
    **     indicates question not asked or no cases within group
          2008 NOTE: open-ended coding of occupation is not yet complete.
....................

Table 6B.1.1
Source: The American National Election Studies
Link to the ASCII text version of this table
NOTE: variable used for race grouping has changed. See Table 1A.3

(Table generated: 05AUG10)