THE ANES GUIDE TO PUBLIC OPINION AND ELECTORAL BEHAVIOR ______________________________________________________ Attended Political Meeting 1952-2008 PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED: 'No' Percent of group: '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '08 Males 93 ** 91 ** 90 90 90 ** 90 89 90 95 94 89 92 90 91 93 91 93 91 94 93 93 94 93 93 91 Females 94 ** 94 ** 93 93 92 ** 91 92 92 94 93 92 93 92 93 94 94 95 93 95 96 96 96 96 93 92 Whites 93 ** 93 ** 92 92 91 ** 90 91 91 94 93 90 92 91 92 93 94 94 92 94 94 95 95 95 92 92 Blacks 96 ** 97 ** 88 92 92 ** 95 92 93 95 96 91 93 86 90 95 90 93 92 95 98 93 94 95 96 89 Grade Sch./Some High Sch. 96 ** 96 ** 94 96 97 ** 96 96 97 98 97 95 95 97 97 96 97 98 96 99 97 96 97 94* 91* 98* High School Diploma 93 ** 94 ** 92 93 93 ** 92 94 93 96 96 94 95 93 94 96 96 96 96 97 98 96 97 96 97 96 Some College, no Degree 87 ** 88 ** 85 90 87 ** 87 82 87 91 92 88 92 88 89 93 90 93 90 93 92 95 94 96 91 90 College Degree/ Post-grad 87 ** 84 ** 89 82 76 ** 82 72 81 86 85 80 85 85 88 87 86 88 85 89 90 92 92 92 88 87 Income 0-16 Percentile 96 ** 97 ** 96 96 96 ** 97 97 98 99 97 96 94 90 95 96 96 97 96 99 95 96 97 ** 92 89 Income 17-33 Percentile 95 ** 94 ** 96 94 94 ** 93 95 93 96 96 93 94 91 92 95 96 95 96 95 97 98 97 ** 95 92 Income 34-67 Percentile 94 ** 95 ** 91 93 94 ** 91 94 92 94 95 90 94 92 90 94 94 96 91 95 96 95 96 ** 92 93 Income 68-95 Percentile 90 ** 90 ** 89 88 87 ** 89 85 86 92 92 89 90 90 94 92 89 91 89 94 93 93 91 ** 91 91 Income 96-100 Percentile 88 ** 84 ** 85 76 78 ** 80 72 80 82 83 80 85 86 88 84 80* 85 86 77 85 90 93 ** 92 90 Professionals 87 ** 89 ** 87 ** 83 ** 86 82 84 90 89 84 89 84 88 89 88 90 87 91 92 92 92 ** 90 ** White Collar 92 ** 92 ** 89 ** 88 ** 91 89 89 94 91 90 91 89 92 92 93 95 93 95 94 97 96 ** 92 ** Blue Collar 94 ** 94 ** 93 ** 95 ** 93 93 94 97 97 94 96 94 93 96 96 96 95 96 97 95 97 ** 96 ** Unskilled 95 ** 95 ** 97* ** 94* ** 95* 100* 97* 100* 96 97 93* 97* 91* 95 100* 95 98* 98 90* 93* 100* ** 90* ** Farmers 98 ** 93 ** 87 ** 93 ** 95 97 89 97 94 93* 93* 93* 97 96 93 92 95 100* 95* 84* 93* ** 100* ** Housewives 94 ** 94 ** 94 ** 93 ** 91 95 94 93 94 92 93 95 98 98 95 95 95 94 98 96 97 ** 94 ** Union Households 92 ** 93 ** 91 ** 93 ** 95 93 92 94 94 93 91 91 93 94 91 96 92 94 95 92 94 92 93 91 Non-Union Households 94 ** 93 ** 92 ** 91 ** 90 90 91 94 94 90 93 91 92 93 93 94 92 95 95 95 95 95 93 91 South 95 ** 94 ** 94 92 91 ** 92 94 94 95 95 90 94 91 94 94 95 94 91 94 96 95 96 96 93 93 Nonsouth 92 ** 93 ** 91 92 91 ** 91 89 90 94 93 91 92 91 92 93 92 94 92 95 94 95 95 94 93 90 Born 1991 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 91 Born 1975-1990 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 77* 99 97 96 96 97 92 93 Born 1959-1974 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 96 94 88 92 96 94 97 93 97 95 95 97 95 93 88 Born 1943-1958 ** ** ** ** ** ** 95* ** 91 92 90 94 94 91 93 90 91 92 92 92 90 92 94 93 93 94 92 94 Born 1927-1942 92 ** 95 ** 90 94 92 ** 88 88 89 91 93 88 92 92 93 94 92 92 91 94 93 95 94 93 94 98 Born 1911-1926 95 ** 92 ** 93 90 91 ** 91 89 92 95 94 90 91 91 93 91 94 93 94 94 97 95 98 95 94 ** Born 1895-1910 90 ** 93 ** 91 91 90 ** 93 94 95 95 94 93 92 92 94 97 92 98 95 97* 93* 100* 100* 100* ** ** Born before 1895 95 ** 94 ** 92 94 92 ** 95 97 98 100 100 92* 100* 100* 100* 100* ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** Democrats (incl leaners) 94 ** 92 ** 94 92 94 ** 91 91 91 94 94 91 93 90 91 92 92 93 90 96 96 95 94 93 93 89 Independents 96 ** 98 ** 91 94 98 ** 93 94 95 96 95 94 95 96 96 96 97 99 95 97 97 96 99 100 99 95 Republicans (incl leaners) 91 ** 92 ** 87 91 85 ** 90 89 89 94 92 88 90 90 93 94 92 94 93 93 92 95 95 95 91 94 Liberals ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 85 91 90 87 87 90 88 91 89 90 86 93 94 93 93 95 87 83 Moderates ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 91 95 94 90 94 89 93 92 92 96 92 96 97 96 93 93 97 94 Conservatives ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 90 93 90 88 92 86 91 93 92 91 92 92 92 94 95 95 90 91 * numbers followed by an asterisk indicate 50 or fewer total respondents within group ** indicates question not asked or no cases within group 2008 NOTE: open-ended coding of occupation is not yet complete. .................... Table 6B.2.1 Source: The American National Election Studies NOTE: variable used for race grouping has changed. See Table 1A.3 Table generated: 05AUG10