Version 01 Codebook
-------------------
CODEBOOK INTRODUCTION FILE
1984 CONTINUOUS MONITORING STUDY
(1984.S)




USER NOTE:
This file has been converted to electronic format via OCR scanning. 
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                 AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDIES
                  1984 CONTINUOUS MONITORING STUDY
                                
                                
                            CODEBOOK
                                
                                
                                
                                
                                
                                
                                
                                
                                
                  CENTER FOR POLITICAL STUDIES
                 INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL RESEARCH
                   THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN


















                     ICPSR ARCHIVE NUMBER 8298                                    TABLE OF CONTENTS


           Note: >>sections in the codebook introduction and
           codebook appendix can be navigated in the
           machine-readable files by searching ">>".



INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL   (file intcontm.cbk)
---------------------
>> INTRODUCTION TO THE NES/CPS AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY, CONTINUOUS
      MONITORING, 1984
>> DESIGN OF THE 1984 CONTINUOUS MONITORING STUDY
      AN OVERALL VIEW
      SAMPLING INFORMATION
      QUESTIONS AND VERSIONS
>> CODEBOOK INFORMATION
>> VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST




CODEBOOK
--------





APPENDICES   (file appcontm.cbk)
----------
>> 1984 CONTINUOUS MONITORING NEWSPAPER CODE
>> 1984 CONTINUOUS MONITORING OCCUPATION CODES
>> 1980 CENSUS INDUSTRY CODES
>> NATIONAL ELECTION STUDIES WORKING PAPERS SERIES, 1984
>> SUBMITTED TO THE BOARD OF OVERSEERS, NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY
       AND THE 1984 NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY PLANNING COMMITTEE
>> ROLLING CROSS SECTION BENCHMARK FREQUENCIES, 1984 CONTINUOUS 
       MONITORING STUDY


>> INTRODUCTION TO THE NES/CPS AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY, CONTINUOUS
      MONITORING, 1984

          The 1984 Continuous Monitoring Study is part of the 1984 
          National Election Study.

          The NES/CPS American National Election Study, 1984 was conducted
          by the Center for Political Studies of the Institute for Social
          Research, under the overall direction of Warren E. Miller. Santa
          Traugott is the Director of Studies. This is the eighteenth 
          in a series of studies of American national elections produced 
          by the Political Behavior Program of the Survey Research 
          Center and the Center for Political Studies, and the fourth 
          study to be conducted under the auspices of National Science
          Foundation grants (Nos. SOC77-08885 and SES-8341310) providing
          long-term support for the National Election Studies. Since 
          1978 the NES election studies have been designed by a National
          Board of Overseers, the members of which meet several times a
          year to plan content and administration of the major study
          components. Board members during the 1984 planning phase 
          included: Ray  Wolfinger, Chair, University of California, 
          Berkeley; Richard A. Brody, Stanford University; Heinz Eulau,
          Stanford University; Morris P.Fiorina, Harvard University; 
          Stanley Kelley, Jr., Princeton University; Donald R. Kinder,
          University of Michigan; David R. Mayhew, Yale University; 
          Warren E. Miller, Arizona State University, ex officio; David 0.
          Sears, University of California, Los Angeles; and J. Merrill
          Shanks, University of California, Berkeley.
          
          The 1984 Study Planning Committee included several Board members
          (Don Kinder, Chair; Richard Brody, Stanley Kelley, Warren Miller, ex
          officio, David Sears and Ray Wolfinger) and three other scholars,
          Stanley Feldman, University of Kentucky; Ethel Klein, Columbia
          University; and Steven J. Rosenstone, Yale University.
          
          The Planning Committee began meeting in February of 1983. A pilot
          study was carried out in the summer of 1983 for the purpose of
          developing new instrumentation for the 1984 Election Study. 
          New items were tested on economic well-being, group identification,
          values, political participation and candidate affect. Data from the
          pilot study are available through the Inter-university Consortium
          for Political and Social Research (ICPSR 8178). Results from the
          pilot study were used by the Planning committee in formulating
          recommendations to the Board about study content for the 1984
          Election Study. (See Appendix).

          The 1984 National Election Study has two major components. This
          document describes the Continuous Monitoring component, which 
          began in January of 1984 and ended Dec. 7. The other major component
          of the 1984 Election Study is the now traditional pre- and
          post-election survey panel. This consists of 2257 personal
          interviews taken in September and October and re-interviews in
          November and December with 1990 of the original respondents. About
          half of the post-election interviews were conducted in person; the
          other half were administered over the telephone. An effort to
          validate the vote of all pre-election respondents was carried out,
          as it was in 1978 and 1980.



>> DESIGN OF THE 1984 CONTINUOUS MONITORING STUDY

  
                                 AN OVERALL VIEW

           The Continuous Monitoring study was intended to capture the
           dynamics of an election campaign. To understand the impact of a
           campaign from a voter's perspective--how perceptions, beliefs and
           preferences are developed--required the collection of survey
           evidence as the campaign unfolded. The interview emphasized 
           those elements important to electoral choice most likely to 
           be affected by the campaign and by external events that 
           intrude upon the campaign. Since events which can affect a 
           campaign may take place at any time, it was desirable to be
           monitoring the electorate on a continuous basis. Hence, Continuous
           Monitoring began January 11th, 1984. That
           start date was chosen to give a number of interviews before the
           stimulus of the Iowa caucus and New Hampshire primaries. Monitoring
           continued past election day, with the last interview taken on
           December 7th.

           The study includes 46 small, independent, consecutively
           administered cross-sections. Each such cross-section sample is
           designated as a different sample "week". The average sample size 
           is 76 cases. The interviews were taken by telephone. Respondents
           were selected by random digit dialing. (See Sample Design, below.)

           Weeks and Samples. Because of the difficulty of obtaining an
           adequate response rate in a short period of time, the sample 
           "week" is actually a 17 day interviewing period. The goal was to
           take two-thirds of the interviews in the first seven days of
           interviewing, with a 10 day grace period for picking up the
           remaining one-third of the interviews.
           
           Each sample week began on a Wednesday, a day selected because
           Tuesdays were Primary days. After 17 full days of interviewing, the
           sample week ended at midnight on Friday. On Wednesdays, 
           Thursdays and Fridays, interviews were being conducted for three
           distinct sample weeks: for the sample begun on that Wednesday, for
           the sample begun on the previous Wednesday and now entering its
           first week's "grace" period, and the sample begun two full weeks
           ago, working on its last three days of grace.
           
           Variable 104 denotes the sample "week" and this variable should be
           used when one is interested in comparing the samples as such. 
           There are two other variables which record the actual 7-day week in
           which theinterview was taken. One (variable 113) records the week
           in which the interview was begun. The other (variable 114) records
           the calendar week in which the interview was completed. Any
           difference between these two variables is due to "break-offs" (See
           variables 22-29). The user should
           note that an interview taken in any one of the sample "weeks" could
           have been taken in one of three calendar weeks.
     
           VERSIONS AND SAMPLES. 

           The survey instrument was intended to be
           very much the same from one sample week to the next. At the 
           same time, the design allowed for the addition of new questions as
           campaign events made necessary, and for deletion of questions no
           longer relevant as the campaign unfolded. From time to time, it did
           prove necessary to add and delete questions. For example, the
           original coverage of Gary Hart was very thin, and a number of
           questions about him were added immediately after the New Hampshire
           primary. Similarly, questions about John Glenn
           were dropped from the survey four weeks after he dropped out of the
           race. Versions are defined by question additions or deletions. Each
           time one such change took place, a new version was created. 
           There were eventually thirteen versions, many of them reflecting
           the addition or  deletion of only one or two variables. The INAP
           codes for each variable clearly indicate for which version(s) the
           question was asked. (Please see "Questions & Versions," below, for
           a detailed listing of differences between versions.)
           
           PLEASE NOTE that there is not an exact correspondence between
           version beginning dates and sample weeks. With one notable
           exception, version changes were made "across the board," i.e., a
           question was  added or dropped for all open sample weeks. Thus,
           when the thermometer rating for Alan Cranston was dropped (the only
           difference between versions 2 and 3) this was done not only for
           Sample Week 12, which opened on the day the new version was
           implemented, but also for interviews from Weeks 10 and 11 which
           were still in the field at that time. The switch between Versions 1
           & 2 is an exception to this procedure. In this instance, when a set
           of new questions for Gary Hart were added on the day following the
           New Hampshire primary, they were added only for Sample Week 8, not
           the still open Sample Weeks 6 & 7.
           
           VERSIONS AND MISSING DATA. 

           In all releases of all NES studies, the
           codebook and dictionary treat certain code values for most
           variables as  "missing data." Don't know, Not ascertained and Not
           asked (INAP) codes are almost always treated as missing data.
           However, the analyst has the responsibility of determining if these
           missing data assignments are appropriate for his/her research.
           Missing data code assignments such as INAP should be read carefully
           before analysis is begun. This is particularly important for the
           Continuous Monitoring dataset, where the distinction between
           versions is carried in the INAP codes (as well as a
           Version variable, see variable VCM0117).



                SAMPLING INFORMATION FOR CONTINUOUS MONITORING

           The telephone survey design for continuous monitoring involved 
           RDD sample design issues of some complexity. The sample objective
           was a uniform number of interviews in each "week" (a 17 day
           interviewing period) of a 46 week study period. We should be able
           to treat each of the weekly samples more or less independently.
           That is, the user should be able to take the weekly samples and
           aggregate them in various ways to represent time periods (months,
           quarters, pre-primary intervals) of interest to their research.

           The constraints on the sample design were also clear: time and
           money. Given the strong relationship between time and cost in
           telephone interviewing operations, the chosen sample design had to
           be one which minimized the amount of time that interviewers must
           spend in reaching respondent households. A proven method for
           reducing contact time is the two-stage RDD design originally
           suggested by Warren Mitofsky and Joe Waksberg.

           Very briefly, this design utilizes the A.T.& T. listing of
           telephone central office codes. Each record on the listing is an
           area code-central office code combination, e.g., 313-764; thus each
           record represents 10,000 distinct telephone
           numbers (e.g., 313-764-0000 through 313-764-9999). Another way to 
           put it is that each record represents 100 clusters of 100
           consecutive telephone numbers (0000-0099,0100-0199, etc.).

           Each primary selection is one such group of 100 consecutive
           telephone numbers, designated by randomly generating a single
           4-digit number. For example  if (313) 764-4424 is generated, the
           cluster containing numbers 4400-4499 is tentatively designated for
           selection. These primary numbers are called; if they are not
           working household numbers, the clusters in which they fall are not
           selected. If they are working household numbers, their clusters are
           selected into the sample and a specified number of additional
           four-digit numbers within the same cluster is generated. For
           example, if the desired sample size is nine, eight more 4-digit
           numbers within the hundred series would be selected.

           While the Waksberg-Mitofsky method is cost-effective, it sacrifices
           something in precision because of its clustered nature. The NES
           implementation of this design for Continuous Monitoring spreads the
           use of each primary stage  sample one-hundred series over the 46
           week course of the study -- maximizing the distribution of the
           sample and minimizing the clustering effects for short time
           interval analyses. At the end of the 46-week study period, the
           complete sample will contain roughly 700 primary stage numbers
           (clusters) of 5 interviews each.
           
           In the Waksberg-Mitofsky two-stage selection, the several numbers
           selected from each cluster at the second stage are used within the
           same sample period. In the NES variation, each cluster that is
           selected produces one telephone number per week. (This telephone
           number translates into a label of a sample coversheet). When there
           is an interview or some other kind of final disposition of the 
           coversheet, the cluster is not used further in the sample week.
           Clusters of primary numbers are in the sample for two weeks, then
           rotate out for 8 weeks. The assignment of clusters produces a 50%
           overlap from week to week. The intent of
           this overlap is to introduce some correlation among observations
           for short, adjacent intervals of time. If successful, the time 1 to
           time 2 correlations will yield improved precision for estimates of
           change between the two periods.

           As the study design is implemented, it is important to note that
           certain coversheet dispositions mean that a cluster can be
           "re-dialed" within the sample week. For example, if the telephone
           number on the coversheet is of a business (non-household) then the
           next number in the primary number series can replace it. Other
           redialing situations are non-working numbers or non-sample
           residences (institutions). Some sample coversheets, even though
           they do not yield an  interview, cannot be replaced. These include
           refusals, non-interviews of valid  respondents, and households with
           no eligible respondents.

           Once a household is reached, selection of respondents within the
           household proceeds by listing all persons within that household
           (male, oldest to youngest; female, oldest to youngest); determining
           which of the residents are eligible (18 on election day, U. S.
           citizens) and using a Kish selection table to randomly determine
           the respondents.

             The method results in slightly unequal probabilities of
             selection. That is,respondents in households with two telephone
             numbers are twice as likely to be selected as those with only one
             telephone number. Also, respondents from households with two
             eligible residents are only half as likely to be selected as
             respondents who are the only eligible adult.

             The NES staff has compared weighted and unweighted frequency
             distributions for a number of variables. Results indicate that
             the data may be treated as an equal probability sample, i.e.,
             that selection weights are not required. Those interested in a
             further discussion of the point should see working paper #5.
             (See Appendix).


                       QUESTIONS AND VERSIONS

             Description of Version Changes for Continuous Monitoring
                            Versions 1-13

           N=514    Version 1 Wednesday, January 11 - February 29 (6:30 p.m.)
                 -- Original
           N=299    Version 2 Wednesday, February 29 (6:30 pm) - March 27
                 -- Addition of Hart questions after New Hampshire primary.
           N=180    Version 3 Wednesday, March 28 - April 12
                 -- Drop Cranston feeling thermometer and chances
                    for nomination after Cranston dropped from race.
           N-732    Version 4 Friday, April 13 - June 19
                 -- Drop all Glenn questions, 4 weeks after Glenn
                    withdrew; see below for other changes.
           N=221    Version 5 Wednesday, June 20 - July 11
                 -- Post primary season changes) add trial heats,
                    vice presidential candidates, several traits.
           N=82     Version 6 Thursday, July 12 - July 18
                 -- Add Ferraro to thermometers.
           N=371    Version 7 Thursday, July 19 - August 22
                 -- Add "Watch democratic convention,"
                    post democratic convention modifications,
                    e.g., drop "chances for nomination" battery.
           N=484    Version 8 Thursday, August 23 - October 7
                 -- Add "Watch republican convention."
           N=54     Version 9 Monday, October 8 - October 11
                 -- Add "Watch 1st presidential debate."
           N=122    Version 10 Friday, October 12 - October 21
                 -- Add "Watch vice presidential debate."
           N-179    Version 11 Monday, October 22 - November 5
                 -- Add "Watch second presidential debate."
           N-217    Version 12 Wednesday, November 7 - November 27 (2 pm)
                 -- Post-election modifications.
           N-41     Version 13 Tuesday, November 27 (2 pm) - December 7
                 -- Drop "Watch campaign news on TV."

 
>> CODEBOOK INFORMATION

The following example from the 1948 NES study provides the standard 
format for codebook variable documentation. 

Note that NES studies which are not part of the Time-Series usually
omit marginals and the descriptive content in lines 2-5 (except for
variable name).


Line

1  ==============================                                              
2  VAR 480026    NAME-R NOT VT-WAS R REG TO VT                                 
3                COLUMNS 61   - 61                                             
4                NUMERIC                                                       
5                MD=0 OR GE 8                                                  
6                                                                              
7                  Q. 17.  (IF R DID NOT VOTE)  WERE YOU REGISTERED (ELIGIBLE)
8                  TO VOTE.                                                   
9                  ...........................................................
10                                                                            
11            82       1.  YES                                                
12           149       2.  NO                                                 
13                                                                             
14             0       8.  DK                                                 
15             9       9.  NA                                                 
16           422       0.  INAP., R VOTED                                     
                                                                            


Line 2 - VARIABLE NAME.  Note that in the codebook the variable name
         (usually a 'number') does not include the "V" prefix which is 
         used in the release SAS and SPSS data definition files
         (.sas and .sps files) for all variables including those
         which do not have 'number' names.  For example the variable
         "VERSION" in the codebook is "VVERSION" in the data definition
         files.

Line 2 - "NAME".  This is the variable label used in the SAS and SPSS
         data definition files (.sas and .sps files).  Some codebooks 
         exclude this.

Line 3 - COLUMNS.  Columns in the ASCII data file (.dat file).

Line 4 - CHARACTER OR NUMERIC.  If numeric and the variable is a decimal
         rather than integer variable, the numer of decimal places is 
         also indicated (e.g. "NUMERIC  DEC 4")

Line 5 - Values which are assigned to missing by default in the Study's
         SAS and and SPSS data definition files (.sas and .sps files).

Line 7 - Actual question text for survey variables or a description of 
         non-survey variables (for example, congressional district).
         Survey items usually include the question number (for example
         "B1a.") from the Study questionnaire; beginning in 1996 
         non-survey items also have unique item numbers (for example
         "CSheet.1").

Line 9 - A dashed or dotted line usually separates question text from
         any other documentation which follows.

Line 10- When present, annotation provided by Study staff is presented
         below the question text/description and preceding code values.

Lines 11-16
         Code values are listed with descriptive labels.  Valid codes
         (those not having 'missing' status in line 5) are presented
         first, followed by the values described in line 5.  For
         continuous variables, one line may appear providing the range
         of possible values.  A blank line usually separates the 'valid'
         and 'missing' values.

Lines 11-16
         Marginals are usually provided for discrete variables.  The
         counts may be unweighted or weighted; check the Study codebook
         introductory text to determine weight usage.
>> VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST 

An asterisk (*) beside the question number indicates a question which was not
asked in all versions 1-13.  

    Var #     Quest#        Label
VVERSION                   NES VERSION NUMBER
VDSETNO                    NES DATASET NUMBER
VCM0001                    Case ID
VCM0002                    Primary and Caucus Date
VCM0003                    Time Zone Code
VCM0004                    Daylight Savings Indicator
VCM0005                    Selection Table Number
VCM0006                    Final Call Number
VCM0007                    Result Date
VCM0008                    Result Month
VCM0009                    Result Day
VCM0010                    Time Code
VCM0011                    Result Code
VCM0012                    Interviewer of Record
VCM0013                    RC Indicator
VCM0014                    Number of Persons
VCM0015                    Household Composition
VCM0016                    Number Eligible Adults
VCM0017                    Number Children < = 5
VCM0016                    Number Children 6-9
VCM0019                    Number Children 10-13
VCM0020                    Number Children 14-17
VCM0021                    Zip Code
VCM0022                    Breakoff Date #1
VCM0023                    Breakoff Month #1
VCM0024                    Breakoff Day #1
VCM0025                    Breakoff Question #1
VCM0026                    Breakoff Date #2
VCM0027                    Breakoff Month #2
VCM0028                    Breakoff Day #2
VCM0029                    Breakoff Question #2
VCM0101                    Interviewer Number
VCM0102                    Control ID (blanked out to insure confidentiality)
VCM0103                    Area Code
VCM0104                    Assigned Sample Week
VCM0105                    Month Interview Completed
VCM0106                    Day Interview Completed
VCM0107                    Day of Week
VCM0105                    Time of Interview - Eastern Standard Time
VCM0109                    Time of Interview - Local Time
VCM0110                    Length of Interview
VCM0111                    Month Interview Started
VCM0112                    Day Interview Started
VCM0113                    Week Interview Started
VCM0114                    Week Interview Completed
VCM0115                    ICPSR State Code
VCM0116                    FIPS State Code
VCM0117                    Version Number
VCM0118      A1            Family better or worse off financially
VCM0119      A1a/b.        Much or somewhat better/worse financially
VCM0120      A2.           Watch budget more closely this gear than last
VCM0121      A2a.          Watch budget a little/lot more closely
VCM0122      A3.           Income change in relation to cost of living
VCM0123      A3a/b.        Is change a lot/little
VCM0124-126  A4.           (When it comes to economic matters) group R feels
                            close to
VCM0127      A4a.          I'wer CHECKPOINT: More than one group mentioned
VCM0128      A4b.          (If more than one group mentioned) which closest?
VCM0129      A4c.          During past gear, economic position of GROUP
                            gotten better or worse?
VCM0130      A4d/e.        Economic position much or somewhat better/worse
                            for GROUP
VCM0131      A4f.          GROUP income over past gear change in relation to
                            cost of living
VCM0132      A4g/h.        Is change (group income relative to cost of
                            living) lot/little
VCM0138      A4i.          Has CROUP had harder/easier/same time finding work
VCM0134      A4j/k.        Has GROUP had much/little harder/easier time
                            finding work
VCM0135      A5.           I'er CHECKPOINT: Boxes checked in A4b
VCM0136      A5a.          Women mentioned in A4
VCM0137      Asb.          Blacks mentioned in A4
VCM0138      A5c.          The elderly mentioned in A4
VCM0129      A5d.          The poor mentioned in A4
VCM0140      A5e.          The middle class mentioned in A4
VCM0141      A5.           Has economic position of WOMEN gotten
                            better/worse/same
VCM0142      A7.           Has economic position of BLACKS gotten
                            better/worse/same
VCM0143      A8.           Has economic position of THE ELDERLY 
VCM0144      A9.           "        "             ..THE POOR
VCM0145      A10.          "        "             ..THE MIDDLE CLASS
VCM0146      B1.           Follow government and public affairs
VCM0147      B2.           Interest in presidential campaign
VCM0148      B3.           Care which party wins presidency
VCM0145      B4.           Anyone talk to R about supporting a candidate
VCM0150      B4a.          This (B4) happen in past week?
VCM0151      B5.           Anyone talk to R about registering
VCM0152      B6.           Has R talked to Anyone about supporting a
                            candidate
VCM0153      B6a.          Done this (B6) in last week?
VCM0158     *Z2            Was probe read to R
VCM0161     *B7.           Is R registered
VCM0162     *B8.           Does R expect to vote
VCM0163     *B8a/b.        How certain of vote likelihood .
VCM0164     *B8e.          Cand. pref. strong/not strong
VCM0165     *B9.           Did R Vote
VCM0166     *B9a/b.        Did R vote for President?
VCM0167     *B9c           R preference strong.'
VCM0168     *B9d/e.        Did R prefer a candidate
VCM0201      C1a.          Heard of: Ronald Reagan
VCM0202      C1b.          John Glenn
VCM0203      C1c.          Ted Kennedy
VCM0204      C1d.          Walter Mondale
VCM0205     *C1e.          Alan Cranston
VCM0206      C1f.          John Anderson
VCM0207      C1g.          Ernest Hollings
VCM0208      C1h.          Reubin Askew
VCM0209      C1i.          Jesse Jackson
VCM0210      C1j.          George Bush
VCM0211      C1k.          Howard Baker
VCM0212      C1m.          George McGovern
VCM0213      C1n.          Robert Dole
VCM0214      C1o.          Gary Hart
VCM0215     *C1r.          Lloyd Bentsen
VCM0216     *C1s.          Dale Bumpers
VCM0217     *C1t.          Mario Cuomo
VCM0218     *C1u.          Geraldine Ferraro
VCM0219      C2a.          Thermometer rating of: Ronald Reagan
VCM0220      C2b.          John Glenn
VCM0221      C2c.          Ted Kennedy
VCM0222      C2d.          Walter Mondale
VCM0223     *C2e.          Alan Cranston
VCM0224      C2f.          John Anderson
VCM0225      C2g.          Ernest Hollings
VCM0226     *C2h.          Reubin Askew
VCM0227      C2i.          Jesse Jackson
VCM0228      C2j.          George Bush
VCM0229      C2k.          Howard Baker
VCM0230      C2m.          George McGovern
VCM0231     *C2n.          Robert Dole
VCM0232      C2o.          Gary Hart
VCM0233     *C2r.          Lloyd Bentsen
VCM0234     *C2s.          Dale Bumpers
VCM0235     *C2t.          Mario Cuomo
VCM0236     *C2u.          Geraldine Ferraro
VCM0301      D1.           Approve/disapprove Reagan's handling of Job
VCM0302      D1a/b.        Approve/disapprove (D1) strongly/not strongly
VCM0303      D2.           Approve/disapprove Reagan's handling of economy
VCM0304      D2a/b.        Approve/disapprove (D2) strongly/not strongly
VCM0305      D3.           Approve/disapprove Reagan's handling of foreign
                            relations
VCM0306      D3a/b.        Approve/disapprove (D3) strongly/not strongly
VCM0311     *E1a.          Walter Mondale's chances for Democratic nomination
VCM0312     *E1b.          John Glenn's chances for Democratic nomination
VCM0313     *E1c.          Alan Cranston's chances for Democratic nomination
VCM0314     *E1d.          Jesse Jackson's chances for Democratic nomination
VCM0315     *E1e.          Ted Kennedy's chances for Democratic nomination
VCM0316     *E1f.          Gary Hart's chances for Democratic nomination
VCM0401      F1.           How many days past week watch national news on TV?
VCM0402     *F1a.          How much attention to TV news about presidential
                            campaign
VCM0403      F2.           How many days past week read a daily newspaper?
VCM0404-406  F2a.          Which paper (s) did R read 
VCM0407      F2b.          How much attention to articles in newspaper about
                            pres. campaign
VCM0408     *F3.           Watch Dem. convention on TV
VCM0409     *F3a.          How many hours watch Dem. convention
VCM0410     *F4.           Watch Rep. convention on TV
VCM0411     *F4a.          How many hours watch Rep. convention
VCM0412     *F5.           Watch first Pres. debate
VCM0413     *F5a.          Watch " whole or part 
VCM0414     *F6.           Watch second Pres. debate
VCM0415     *F6a.          Watch " whole or part
VCM0416     *F7.           Watch VP debate
VCM0417     *F7a.          Watch " whole or part
VCM0418      G1a.          Reagan traits: Hardworking
VCM0419      G1b.          Decent
VCM0420      G1c.          Compassionate
VCM0421      G1d.          Commands respect
VCM0422      G1e.          Intelligent
VCM0423      G1f.          Moral
VCM0424      G1g.          Kind
VCM0425      G1h.          Inspiring
VCM0426      G1i.          Knowledgeable
VCM0427      G1j.          Sets a good example
VCM0428      G1k.          Really cares about people like you
VCM0429      G1m.          Provides strong leadership
VCM0430     *Gin,          Understands people like you
VCM0431     *G1o.          Fair
VCM0432     *G1p.          In touch w/ ordinary people
VCM0433     *G1r.          Religious
VCM0437      G3a.          Mondale traits: Hardworking
VCM0438      G3b.          Decent
VCM0439      C3c.          Compassionate
VCM0440      G3d.          Commands respect
VCM0441      G3e,          Intelligent
VCM0442      G3f.          Moral
VCM0443      G3g.          Kind
VCM0444      G3h.          Inspiring
VCM0445      G3i.          Knowledgeable
VCM0446      G3j.          Sets a good example
VCM0447      C3k.          Really cares about people like you
VCM0448      G3m.          Provides strong leadership
VCM0449     *G3n.          Understands people like you
VCM0450     *G3o.          Fair
VCM0451     *G3p.          In touch w/ordinary people
VCM0452     *G3r.          Religious
VCM0502     *G5a.          Glenn traits: Hardworking
VCM0503     *G5b.          Decent
VCM0504     *G5c.          Compassionate
VCM0505      G5d.          Commands respect
VCM0506     *G5e.          Intelligent
VCM0507     *G5f.          Moral
VCM0508     *G5g.          Kind
VCM0509     *G5h.          Inspiring
VCM0510     *G5i.          Knowledgeable
VCM0511     *G5J.          Sets a good example
VCM0512     *G5k.          Really cares about people like you
VCM0513     *G5m,          Provides strong leadership
VCM0521      G7a,          Jackson traits: Hardworking
VCM0522      G7b.          Decent
VCM0523      G7c.          Compassionate
VCM0524      G7d,          Commands respect
VCM0525      G7e,          Intelligent
VCM0526      G7f.          Moral
VCM0527      G7g.          Kind
VCM0528      G7h           Inspiring
VCM0529      G7i.          Knowledgeable
VCM0530      G7J.          Sets a good example
VCM0531      G7k.          Really cares about people like you
VCM0532      G7m.          Provides strong leadership
VCM0533     *G7n.          Understands people like you
VCM0534     *G7o.          Fair
VCM0535     *G7p.          In touch w/ ordinary people
VCM0536     *G7r.          Religious
VCM0539     *G9a.          Hart traits:   Hardworking
VCM0540     *G9b.          Decent
VCM0541     *G9c.          Compassionate
VCM0542     *G9d.          Commands respect
VCM0543     *G9e.          Intelligent
VCM0544     *G9f.          Moral
VCM0545     *G9g.          Kind
VCM0546     *G9h.          Inspiring
VCM0547     *G9i.          Knowledgeable
VCM0548     *G9J.          Sets a good example
VCM0549     *G9k.          Really cares about people like you
VCM0550     *G9m.          Provides strong leadership
VCM0551     *G9n.          Understands people like you
VCM0552     *G9o.          Fair
VCM0553     *G9p.          In touch w/ ordinary people
VCM0554     *G9r.          Religious
VCM0558     *G11a.         Ferraro: Hard-working
VCM0559     *Gl1b.         Decent
VCM0560     *G11c.         Compassionate 
VCM0561     *G11d.         Commands respect
VCM0562     *G11e.         Intelligent
VCM0563     *G11f.         Moral
VCM0564     *G11g.         Kind
VCM0565     *G11h.         Inspiring
VCM0566     *G11i.         Knowledgeable
VCM0567     *G11j.         Sets a good example
VCM0568     *G11k.         Cares about people like you
VCM0565     *G11m.         Provides strong leadership
VCM0570     *G11n.         Understands people like you
VCM0571     *G11o.         Fair
VCM0572     *G11p.         In touch with ordinary people
VCM0573     *G11r.         Religious
VCM0600     *HO.           How are things in country going
VCM0601      H1.           Has nation's economy gotten better/worse/same
VCM0602      H1a.          Is economy much/somewhat better/worse
VCM0603      H2.           Have people had a harder/easier/same time 
                            Finding work
VCM0604      H2a/b.        Is that much/somewhat harder/easier?
VCM0605      H3.           Has cost of things gone up/down/stayed same
VCM0606      H3a/b.        Is that (H3) a lot/little
VCM0607      H4.           Has U.S. position in world grown
                            weaker/same/stronger
VCM0608      H5.           How worried about U.S. getting into 
                            conventional war
VCM0609      H6.           How worried about U.S. getting into nuclear war
VCM0610      J1.           Does R think of self as
                            liberal/conservative/moderate
VCM0611      J1a/b.        Strong or not-so-strong liberal/conservative
VCM0612      J1c.          More like liberal or conservative
VCM0613      J1x.          SUMMARY: Liberal-conservative self-placement scale
VCM0614      J2.           Is Reagan liberal/conservative/moderate
VCM0615      J2a/b.        Is Reagan strong or not-so-strong
                            liberal/conservative
VCM0616      J2c,          Is Reagan more like a liberal or conservative
VCM0617      J2x,          SUMMARY: Reagan liberal-conservative placement
VCM0618     *J4.           Is Glenn liberal/conservative/moderate
VCM0619     *J4a/b.        Is Clenn strong or not-so-strong
                            liberal/conservative
VCM0620     *J4c.          Is Glenn more like a liberal or conservative
VCM0621     *J4x.          SUMMARY: Glenn liberal-conservative placement
VCM0622      J6.           Is Mondale liberal/conservative/moderate
VCM0623      J6a/b.        Is Mondale strong or not-so-strong
                            liberal/conservative
VCM0624      J6c.          Is Mondale more like liberal or conservative
VCM0625      J6x.          SUMMARY: Mondale liberal-conservative placement
VCM0626      J8.           Is Jackson liberal/conservative/moderate
VCM0627      J8a/b.        Is Jackson strong or not-so-strong
                            liberal/conservative
VCM0628      J8c.          Is Jackson more like liberal or conservative
VCM0629      J8x.          SUMMARY: Jackson liberal-conservative placement
VCM0630     *J10.          Is Hart liberal/conservative/moderate
VCM0631     *JlOa/b.       Is Hart strong or not-so-strong
                            liberal/conservative
VCM0632     *JIOc.         Is Hart more like liberal or conservative
VCM0633     *JlOx.         SUMMARY: Hart liberal-conservative placement
VCM0634     *J12.          Is Ferraro liberal/conservative/moderate
VCM0635     *J12a/b.       Is Ferraro strong or not-so-strong
                            liberal/conservative
VCM0636     *J12c.         Is Ferraro more like liberal or conservative
VCM0637     *J12x.         SUMMARY: Ferraro liberal-conservative placement
VCM0701      K1a.          Reagan affects: Angry toward him
VCM0702      K1b.          Hopeful
VCM0703      K1c.          Afraid of him
VCM0704      K1d.          Proud
VCM0706     *K3a.          Glenn affects: Angry toward him
VCM0707     *K3b.          Hopeful
VCM0708     *K3c.          Afraid of him
VCM0709     *K3d.          Proud
VCM0711      K5a.          Mondale affects:Angry toward him
VCM0712      K5b.          Hopeful
VCM0713      K5c.          Afraid of him
VCM0714      K5d.          Proud
VCM0716      K7a.          Jackson affects: Angry toward him
VCM0717      K7b.          Hopeful
VCM0718      K7c.          Afraid of him
VCM0719      K7d.          Proud
VCM0721     *K9a.          Hart affects: Angry toward him
VCM0722     *K9b.          Hopeful
VCM0723     *K9c.          Afraid of him
VCM0724     *k9d.          Proud
VCM0725      K11a.         Ferraro affects: Angry toward her
VCM0726     *K11b.         Hopeful
VCM0727     *K11c.         Afraid of her
VCM0728     *K11d.         Proud
VCM0731      L1.           R think of self as Republican/Democrat/Independent
                            or what
VCM0732      L1a/b.        Strong or not-so-strong Republican/Democrat
VCM0733      L1c.          Closer of Republican party or Democratic party
VCM0734      L1x.          SUMMARY: R's party identification
VCM0735      L2.           R's first choice for the Democratic nomination
VCM0736      L2a.          R's second choice for the Democratic nomination
VCM0795     *MO.           Does R approve/disapprove Reagan's handling 
                            of budget
VCM08OO     *Moa/b.        Does R think (MO.) strongly/not strongly
VCM0801      M1.           Does R have opinion on government
                            spending/services issue
VCM0802      M1a.          Should government reduce spending/provide more
                            services
VCM0803      M1b/c.        Moderate or large reduction/increase
VCM0804      M1d.          Does Reagan prefer reduced government spending or
                            increased services
VCM0805      M1e/f.        Reagan prefer large or moderate reduction/increase
VCM0807      M1h.          Mondale prefer reduced gov't spending or increased
                            services
VCM0808      M1i/j         Mondale prefer large or moderate
                            reduction/increase
VCM0810     *M1m.          Glenn prefer reduced gov't spending or increased
                            services
VCM0811     *M1n/o         Glenn prefer large or moderate reduction/increase
VCM0812     *M1q           Hart prefer reduced gov't spending or increased
                            services
VCM0813     *M1r/s         Hart prefer large or moderate reduction/increase
VCM0814     *M1u.          Jackson placement: gov't spending
VCM0815     *M1v/w.        Jackson prefer large or moderate
                            reduction/increase
VCM0816      M2.           Does R have opinion on gov't effort improve
                            position of minorities
VCM0817      M2a.          Should gov't help minorities or minorities help
                            themselves
VCM0818      M2b/c.        Should this (M2a) be done to a great/some extent
VCM0819     *M2d.          Reagan placement gov't help minorities
VCM0820     *M2e/f.        Reagan strngth pref gov't help minorities
VCM0821     *M2h.          Mondale placement: govt help minorities
VCM0822     *M2i/J.        Mondale strngth pref gov't help minorities
VCM0823     *M2m.          Hart placement: govt help minorities
VCM0824     *M2n/o.        Hart strngth prep gov't help minorities
VCM0825     *M2q.          Jackson placement: govt help minorities
VCM0826     *M2r/s.        Jackson strngth pref govt help minorities
VCM0838      M3.           Does R have opinion on U.S. involvement in 
                            Central America
VCM0839      M3a.          Should U.S. be less/more involved in Central
                            America
VCM0840      M3b/c.        Should involvement be increased/decreased to
                            great/some extent
VCM0841     *M3d.          Reagan placement: Central America
VCM0842     *M3e/f.        Reagan incr/decr involvement Great/some extent
VCM0843     *M3h.          Mondale placement: Central America
VCM0844     *M3i/J.        Mondale incr/decr involvement great/some extent
VCM0845     *M3m.          Hart placement: Central America
VCM0846     *M3n/o.        Hart incr/decr involvement great/some extent
VCM0847     *M3q.          Jackson placement: Central America
VCM0848     *M3r/s.        Jackson incr/decr involvement Great/some extent
VCM0846     *M3n/o.        Does Hart think (M3m.) a lot or a little
VCM0873      M6.           Does R have opinion on more/less money for
                            defense.
VCM0874      M6a.          Should govt increase/decrease defense spending
VCM0875      M6b/c.        Should defense spending be increased/decreased a
                            lot or little
VCM0876      M6d.          Does Reagan think defense spending should be
                            increased or decreased
VCM0877      M6e/f.        Does Reagan think (M6d.) a lot or a little
VCM0879      M6h.          Does Mondale think defense spending should be
                            increased or decreased
VCM0880      M6i/J.        Does Mondale think (M6h.) a lot or a little
VCM0887     *M6m.          Does Glenn think defense spending should be
                            increased or decreased
VCM0883     *M6n/o.        Does Glenn think (M6m.) a lot or a little
VCM0884     *M6q.          Does Hart think defense spending should be
                            increased or decreased 
VCM0885     *M6r/s.        Does Hart think (M6q.) a lot or a little
VCM0887      M7a.          Fed'l. spending increased/decreased/same: the
                            environment
VCM0888      M7b           ....dealing with crime
VCM0889      M7c.          ....public schools
VCM0890      M7d.          ....social security
VCM0891      M7e.          ....food stamps
VCM0892      M7f.          ....Medicare
VCM0893      M7g.          ....government Jobs for the unemployed
VCM0894      M7h.          ....science and technology
VCM0901      M8.           Does R have opinion on government help women/women
                            help themselves
VCM0902      M8a.          Should gov't help women or women help themselves
VCM0903      M8b/c.        Should help/leave alone to areas or some extent
VCM0904     *M8d.          Does Reagan think government should improve
                            women's position
VCM0905     *M8e/f.        Does Reagan think (M8d) great/some extent
VCM0906     *M8h.          Does Mondale think government should improve
                            women's position
VCM0907     *M8i/j.        Does Mondale think (M8h.) great/some extent
VCM0908     *M8m.          Does Hart think government should improve women's
                            position
VCM0909     *M8n/o.        Does Hart think (M8m.) great/some extent
VCM0913      M9.           Does R have opinion on cooperate/get tough with
                            Russia
VCM0914      M9a.          Should U.S. cooperate/get tough with Russia
VCM0915      M9b/c.        Should we cooperate/get tough a lot or somewhat
VCM0916     *M9d.          Does Reagan think U.S. should cooperate/get tough
                            with Russia
VCM0917     *M92/f.        Does Reagan think (M9d.) lot/ somewhat
VCM0918     *M9h.          Does Mondale think U.S. should cooperate/get tough
                            with Russia
VCM0919     *M9i/j. J.     Does Mondale think (M9h.) lot/somewhat
VCM0920     *M9m.          Does Hart think U.S. should cooperate/get tough
                            with Russia
VCM0921     *M9n/o.        Does Hart think (M9m.) lot/somewhat
VCM1001    *N1.           Chances of Reagan winning the Presidential
                           election
VCM1002    *N1a.          Chances of Mondale winning the Presidential
                           election
VCM1003    *Nib.          Chances of Glenn winning the Presidential election
VCM1004    *N1c.          Chances of Cranston winning the Presidential
                           election
VCM1005    *N1d.          Chances of Jackson winning the Presidential
                           election
VCM1006    *N1e.          Chances of Kennedy winning the Presidential
                           election
VCM1007    *N1f.          Chances of Hart winning the Presidential election
VCM1008     Y1.           Is R registered
VCM1099     Y1a.          Registered as Republican. Democrat, Independent or 
VCM1013     Y2.           Date of birth-MONTH
VCM1014     Y2b.          Date of birth-DAY
VCM1015     Y2c.          Date of birth-YEAR
VCM1016     Y2x.          Age in years
VCM1017     Y3            Marital status
VCM1018     Y4.           Highest grade R completed
VCM1019     Y4a.          High school diploma or equivalency
VCM1020     Y4b.          Graduate from four year college or university
VCM1021     Y4x.          SUMMARY: R's education
VCM1022     Y5.           R's working status
VCM1023     Y5a.          R WORKING NOW: occupation
VCM1026     Y5b.          industry
VCM1027     Y6.           worried about losing Job
VCM1028     Y7.           laid off in pact six months
VCM1029     Y8.           reduce hours or take cut in peg in last 6 months
VCM1030     Y9.           R UNEMPLOYED: had a Job in past 6 months 
VCM1031     Y9a.          how many hours work in average week
VCM1032     Y10.          R RET/UNEMP: looking for work at the present time
VCM1033     Y11.          how worried about finding work
VCM1034     Y12.          R HSEWF/STUD: working for pay at present time 
VCM1035     Y13.          looking For work at present time
VCM1036     Y13a.         how worried about finding work
VCM1037     Y14.          Iw'er CHECKPOINT: Is R only adult in household
VCM1038     Y14a          Iw'er CHECKPOINT: Is R married and living with
                           spouse
VCM1039     Y14b.         Who is main breadwinner
VCM1101     Y15.          R'S SPOUSE/BREADWINNER: working status
VCM1102     Y16.          SPOUSE/BREADWINNER WORKING NOW: occupation
VCM1105     Y16a.         industry code
VCM1106     Y17.          how worried about losing Job
VCM1107     Y18.          laid off in last 6 months
VCM1108     Y19.          reduce hrs/cut pay in last 6 months
VCM1109     Y2O.          SPOUSE/BREADWINNER UNEMPLOYED: had a Job in past 6
                           months
VCM1110     Y20a.         how many hours worked average week
VCM1111     Y21.          SP/BREADWINNER RET/UNEMPLD: looking for work at
                           present time
VCM1112     Y21a.         how worried about finding work
VCM1113     Y22.          SPOUSE/BREADWINNER WIFE/STUDENT: doing any work
                           now
VCM1114     Y22a.         looking for work at present
VCM1115     Y22b.         How worried about finding work
VCM1116     Y23.          ALL: Does anyone in this household belong to labor
                           union
VCM1117     Y23a.         Who is it that belongs
VCM1118     Y24.          Income: under/over $20,000 
VCM1119     Y24a          Income: under/over $10.000
VCM1120     Y24b.         Income: under/over $30.000
VCM1121     Y24c.         Income: under/over $40.000
VCM1122     Y24x.         SUMMARY: Family income
VCM1123     Y25.          Religious preference: Catholic. Protestant or
    (1123)    Y25a.         What (Protestant; denomination is that?)
    (1123)    Y25b.         Southern Baptist or not
VCM1124     Y26.          Attendance at church/synagogue
VCM1125     Y27.          How long lived in your town (this country)
VCM1126     Y28.          How long lived at present address
VCM1127     Y29.          Race
VCM1128     Y3O.          Ethnic origin Hispanic or not
VCM1129     Y31.          How many telephones in R's home
VCM1130     Y31a.         Do all telephones have same number
VCM1131     Y31b.         How many different numbers
VCM1132     Y31c.         Any (telephone) numbers for business use only
VCM1133     Y31d.         How many (Y31c.)
VCM1134     Z1.           R's sex

