Version 2005-Oct-06 Codebook 
----------------------------
CODEBOOK INTRODUCTION FILE
2000 PRE-POST STUDY
(2000.T)












                 AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDIES:

                  2000 PRE- AND POST-ELECTION STUDY










            
                               CODEBOOK











                     Center for Political Studies
                     Institute for Social Research
                      The University of Michigan





                        

Burns, Nancy, Donald R. Kinder, Steven J. Rosenstone, Virginia Sapiro,
and the National Election Studies. NATIONAL ELECTION STUDIES, 2000:
PRE-/POST-ELECTION STUDY [dataset]. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan,
Center for Political Studies [producer and distributor], 2001.

These materials are based on work supported by the National Science
Foundation under grant numbers SBR-9707741, SBR-9317631, SES-9209410, 
SES-9009379, SES-8808361, SES-8341310, SES-8207580, and SOC77-08885, as well
as the Russell Sage Foundation under grant number 82-00-01, and the University
of Michigan.

Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in these
materials are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those 
of the funding agencies.



                           TABLE OF CONTENTS

        Note: >> sections in the codebook introduction and
                 codebook appendix can be navigated in the
                 machine-readable files by searching ">>".


INTRODUCTORY MATERIALS  (file anes_2000prepost_int.txt)
----------------------
>> 2000 GENERAL INTRODUCTION
>> 2000 STUDY DESCRIPTION
>> 2000 STUDY DESIGN, CONTENT AND ADMINISTRATION
>> 2000 NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY SAMPLE DESIGN
     >> STUDY POPULATION
     >> DUAL FRAME SAMPLE DESIGN
     >> FTF SAMPLE DESIGN - MULTI-STAGE AREA PROBABILITY
     >> AREA SAMPLE DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS, SPECIFICATIONS AND OUTCOMES
     >> 2000 ANES RDD (RANDOM DIGIT DIAL) SAMPLE
     >> 2000 ANES RDD SAMPLE DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS, SPECIFICATIONS AND OUTCOMES
     >> 2000 ANES POST-ELECTION STUDY SAMPLE OUTCOMES
     >> 2000 ANES DATA - WEIGHTED ANALYSIS
     >> 2000 ANES ANALYSIS WEIGHTS - CONSTRUCTION 
     >> 2000 ANES PROCEDURES FOR SAMPLING ERROR ESTIMATION
>> NOTES ON CONFIDENTIAL VARIABLES
>> 2000 FILE STRUCTURE AND NOTE ON "DATASET NUMBER" AND "VERSION NUMBER"
>> 2000 CODEBOOK INFORMATION
>> 2000 PROCESSING INFORMATION
>> 2000 VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST



VARIABLE DOCUMENTATION (file anes_2000prepost_var.txt)
----------------------
V000001 - V000003   Identification and weights
V000004 - V000106   Pre administrative, sampling, etc.
V000107 - V000262   Post administrative, candidate, etc.
V000301 - V001027   PRE: SURVEY VARIABLES
V000905 - V001027   PRE: DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES
V001028 - V001041j  Pre interviewer observation
V001042 - V001123   Pre randomization description
V001201 - V001742   POST: SURVEY VARIABLES
V001743a- V001751g  Post interviewer observation
V001752 - V001810   Post randomization description



APPENDICES (file anes_2000prepost_app.text)
----------
MASTER CODES
>> NOTES ON SAMPLING VARIABLES
>> CENSUS DEFINITIONS
>> 2000 TYPE OF RACE
>> 2000 CANDIDATE NUMBER
>> 2000 ETHNICITY/NATIONALITY 
>> 2000 ICPSR STATE AND COUNTRY CODES
>> 2000 RELIGION
>> 2000 OCCUPATION
>> 2000 INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM (1990 CENSUS)
>> 2000 PARTY-CANDIDATE
>> 2000 MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEM
>> 2000 PARTY DIFFERENCES

>> 2000 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 

AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY, 2000: PRE- AND POST-ELECTION SURVEYS

     During the early spring of 2001 the National Election Studies staff 
prepared a comprehensive version of the 2000 American National Election 
Study.  The number of cases in this file, 1807, includes all respondents from
the 2000 Pre- and Post-Election surveys.  1881 variables are produced by 
default using the data definition files provided with the raw data for 
creation of SAS and SPSS system files.  

     The codebook contains documentation for variables beginning with 
identification variables which provide the ANES VERSION NUMBER (version number
of the data file), ANES DATASET NUMBER (number of this dataset), and ICPSR
study number. 



>> 2000 STUDY DESCRIPTION FOR THE AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY

     The 2000 American National Election Study was conducted by the Center for
Political Studies of the Institute for Social Research, under the general
direction of Nancy Burns and Donald R. Kinder.  Ashley Grosse was the Director
of Studies for the National Election Studies and oversaw the study from early 
planning stages through release of the 2000 data collection.  She was assisted 
by Laurie Pierson, and Chuck Kierpie.  This is the twenty- sixth in a series 
of studies of American national elections produced by the Center for 
Political Studies and the Survey Research Center, and it is the twelfth 
traditional time-series study to be conducted under the auspices of
National Science Foundation Grants (SBR-9317631, SES-9209410, SES-9009379,
SES-8808361, SES-8341310, SES-8207580, SOC77-08885 and SES 9707741) providing 
long-term support for the National Election Studies.  Since 1978, the National 
Election Studies have been designed by a national Board of Overseers, the 
members of which meet several times a year to plan content and administration
of the major study components.  Board members during the planning of the 2000 
National Election Study included Larry Bartels, Chair (Princeton University), 
Nancy Burns, ex officio (University of Michigan), Charles Franklin (University 
of Wisconsin), John Mark Hansen (University of Chicago), Robert Huckfeldt, 
(Indiana University), Donald Kinder, ex officio (University of Michigan), Jon
A. Krosnick, (Ohio State University), Arthur Lupia (University of California, 
San Diego), Wendy Rahn (University of Minnesota), Virginia Sapiro (University
of Wisconsin), W. Phillips Shively (University of Minnesota), Laura Stoker 
(University of California, Berkeley).  As part of the study planning 
process, a special planning committee was appointed, a pilot study conducted,
and stimulus letters sent to members of the scholarly community soliciting
input on study plans.  Board member Robert Huckfeldt chaired the Planning
Committee for the 2000 National Election Study which included from the Board:
Larry Bartels (Princeton University), Nancy Burns (University of Michigan),
Charles Franklin, (University of Wisconsin), John Mark Hansen (University of
Chicago), Donald Kinder (University of Michigan), Jon A. Krosnick (Ohio State
University), Arthur Lupia (University of California, San Diego), Virginia
Sapiro (University of Wisconsin), Laura Stoker (University of California,
Berkeley), and five other scholars from the community, Steven Ansolabehere
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Janet Box-Steffensmeier (Ohio State
University), Clem Brooks (Indiana University), Darren Davis (Michigan State
University), and Donald Green (Yale University), and Ashley Grosse (NES
Director of Studies).

     Two pilot studies were carried out prior to the 2000 Election Study for
the purpose of developing new instrumentation and the methodological
investigation of concepts previously measured in ANES surveys.  The 1998 Pilot
Study, one of the most innovative pilots to date, was the first pilot to be
fielded during an election season.  The timing allowed ANES to test
instrumentation that is exclusively related to the electoral context.  The
pilot study focused on the three high-profile gubernatorial contests in 
California, Illinois, and Georgia.  Several new measures that were piloted 
include: media usage; social context and communication; need for evaluation;
group mobilization; public mood; tone of campaign; awareness of campaign 
issues; and whether R owns stock.  Also, a significant portion of the 
interview was devoted to the methodological investigation of concepts 
previously measured in ANES surveys.  Among those were: campaign 
participation; media use; feeling thermometers as measures of awareness; 
vote intention; and political knowledge.

     In March of 2000, ANES fielded a Special Topic Pilot Study, funded by the 
Russell Sage Foundation, to develop and refine a series of new measures on 
social trust.  Additionally, new items were tested in the areas of trust in 
elections, civic engagement, need for cognition, and social desirability.  New 
measures were developed for domain specific trust involving neighbors and co-
workers.  Results indicated that these new measures gauge trust reliably, that 
neighborhood and workplace trust are related to but distinct from general
social trust, and they contribute independently to participation in politics. 
These items were included in the 2000 Election Study.

     Data from the 1998 and 2000 ANES pilot studies are available through the
Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (respectively,
ICPSR 2693 and ICPSR 2936).  

     Results from these pilot studies were used by the Planning Committee in 
formulating recommendations to the Board about study content for the 2000 Pre- 
and Post-Election Survey.  Copies of the Pilot Study Reports are available on 
the ANES Website (www.umich.edu/~nes), or may be obtained by contacting the ANES 
project staff. 
     
NES Project Staff
Center for Political Studies
Room 4026 
Institute for Social Research
University of Michigan   
Ann Arbor MI  48106-1248    
nes@umich.edu
http://www.umich.edu/~nes




>> 2000 STUDY DESIGN, CONTENT AND ADMINISTRATION
 
STUDY DESIGN 

     The 2000 National Election Study entailed both a pre-election interview
and a post-election re-interview.  A freshly drawn cross section of the 
electorate was taken to yield 1807 cases.  The 65 minute pre election survey 
went into the field September 5th, nine weeks before election day.  The 65 
minute post election study, unique to the time series in that no president
elect was named for several days, went into the field the day after the
election, November 8th, and remained in the field until December 18th.

     Because of the study's most innovative feature, a carefully designed mode
experiment, the data represent two presidential studies in 2000, side by side. 
The core study preserves our past commitment to probability area sampling and
face to face interviewing: 1006 respondents interviewed prior to the election
and 694 were re-interviewed face to face after the election.  Supporting the
core study, we used the efficiencies of RDD sampling and telephone
interviewing: 801 respondents were interviewed by phone prior to the election
and 862 respondents were interviewed by phone after the election.  As such,
the experiment will define sharply the differences between the two modes and
allow us to learn what a shift to telephone interviewing will mean for the NES
time-series.  Further details of the administration of the surveys are given
in "Study Administration," below.


STUDY CONTENT

Substantive themes

     The content for the 2000 Election Study reflects its double duty, both as
the traditional presidential election year time-series data collection and as
a mode study.  Substantive themes represented in the 2000 questionnaires
include:

*  interest in the political campaigns; concern about the outcome; and 
   attentiveness to the media's coverage of the campaign      
*  information about politics
*  evaluation of the presidential candidates and placement of presidential 
   candidates on various issue dimensions  
*  knowledge of the religious background of the major Presidential and Vice-
   Presidential candidates 
*  partisanship and evaluations of the political parties    
*  vote choice for President, the U.S. House, and the U.S. Senate, including
   second choice for President    
*  political participation:  turnout in the November general election; other
   forms of electoral campaign activity
*  personal and national economic well-being
*  positions on social welfare issues including:  government health insurance;
   federal budget priorities, the budget surplus, and the role of the
   government 
   in the provision of jobs and good standard of living    
*  position on campaign finance and preference for divided government
*  positions on social issues including:  gun control, abortion; women's
   roles; the rights of homosexuals; the death penalty; school vouchers;
   environmental policy
*  Clinton legacy
*  knowledge of George Bush Sr. and his previous administration
*  fairness in elections; satisfaction with democracy; and the value of voting
*  racial and ethnic stereotypes; opinions on affirmative action; attitudes
   towards immigrants
*  opinions about the nation's most important problem
*  values and predispositions:  moral traditionalism; political efficacy; 
   egalitarianism; humanitarianism individualism; trust in government
*  social altruism and social connectedness       
*  feeling thermometers on a wide range of political figures and political 
   groups; affinity with various social groups  
*  social networks, shared information and expertise on politics
*  detailed demographic information and measures of religious affiliation and
   religiosity.   

Several new concepts addressed in the 2000 study: 

SOCIAL TRUST: Over the last decade, research on social trust has exploded. In
order to allow ANES to contribute to this research effort, we developed a
series of new measures that approach the problem from a new angle. With
supplementary funding from the Russell Sage Foundation, we developed measures
addressed not to the trustworthiness of people in general, but to the
trustworthiness of neighbors and co-workers. Our 2000 Special Topic Pilot
Study showed that the new measures gauge trust reliably, that neighborhood and
workplace trust are related to but distinct from general social trust, and
that they contribute independently to participation in politics. We included
these measures in the 2000 NES, again, with support from the Russell Sage
Foundation. Together with an expanded set of questions on participation in
civic life that are also part of the 2000 study, we expect to see a wide range
of exciting new investigations on trust and participation. 

VOTER TURNOUT: A particularly vexing problem for ANES has been over-reporting
of voter turnout. Over the years we have sponsored a series of investigations
trying out possible remedies, without much success. But now it seems that we
may have a solution in hand, based on the source monitoring theory of recall.
The notion here is that some people may remember having voted sometime in the
past but confuse the source of that memory, accidentally misassigning it to
the most recent election, when it actually derives from a prior election. We
are therefore implementing a new item, with expanded response categories to
help respondents be more accurate in determining whether they did in fact vote
in November of 2000. 

POLITICAL KNOWLEDGE: The 2000 study also sees a slight change in the way 
political knowledge is measured. In the past, we have encouraged respondents
to say they "don't know" the answer to our information questions, partly to
avoid embarrassment. But research shows that this differentially encourages
"don't know" responses from some people who may actually know the correct
answer but lack the confidence to say so. As a consequence, the standard way
of putting these questions may underestimate levels of knowledge. In the 2000
study we are therefore encouraging respondents to take their best guesses when
answering the political knowledge questions.

SOCIAL NETWORKS: The reality of citizenship is that individuals seldom go it
alone when they engage in political activities.  Preferences, choices, and 
levels of engagement are contingent on the location of individuals within 
particular social settings.  The 2000 study incorporates a social network 
battery.  The battery is based entirely on the perceptions of survey
respondents regarding the characteristics of their identified discussants.

COGNITIVE STYLE: The 2000 ANES includes two brief but reliable measures of 
cognitive style: need for cognition and need to evaluate. The first 
differentiates among people in the care they give to thinking through
problems; the second differentiates among people in their tendency to evaluate
objects as good or bad. Both are associated with extensive literatures in
psychology, which led to their audition in the 1998 ANES Pilot Study. Because
of their success there in clarifying turnout, knowledge about politics, voter
decision-making, and more, they were added to the 2000 NES.

SURVEY MODE: Perhaps the most important single feature of the 2000 ANES is a
mode experiment, which supplies the ability to compare interviews taken in
person (as we've taken them for the past fifty years) with interviews taken
over the phone. This carefully designed mode experiment, driven by theoretical
and practical interest, allows scholars to test the consequences of survey
mode on data quality and reliability.  Moreover, it allows the community to
asses the impact of what such a change in mode would mean for the ANES times
series.  The 2000 study incorporates numerous experiments to look at the
effects of mode on: 7 pt. scales and branching, response order, don't know
filters, and social desirability.

Congressional Ballot Cards and Incumbent Bias

     In 2000, ANES redesigned the Congressional ballot card used in face
to face interviewing in an attempt to combat overreport for incumbents.
The ballot redesign was based on the research of Box-Steffensmeier, 
Jacobson, and Grant, (later published in POQ, 2000).  Moreover, the change
in ballot form was intended to eliminate the measurement error in vote 
report that has concerned numerous scholars (Wright 1993; Gow and 
Eubank 1984; Jacobson and Rivers 1993; and Jackson and Carsey 2001). Based 
on three experiments during the 1996 elections - the Ohio Union Study, the 
National Black Election Study, and the Texas Post Election Study, ANES 
concluded that a modification to the 1982 style ballot was in order.

     The new ballot cards are intended to give respondents two cues in 
recalling their vote - party identification and name of candidate.  Based on
the findings of Box-Steffensmeier et al., party is the predominant cue in the 
revised ballot.  To randomly distribute that cue, each respondent had two 
ballots printed for the interview - one with the Republican listed first, and
one with the Democrat listed first.  Based on a randomly generated number, 
interviewers were instructed via CAPI to show the respondent the gold or the
blue card.  Examples of the redesigned ballot cards are available on the 2000
Election Study Page: http://www.umich.edu/~nes/studyres/nes2000/nes2000.htm.

     In another effort to combat incumbent bias, the vote report question 
was placed earlier in the interview than in previous studies to avoid any 
possible contamination from thermometers, which ask R to rate their member 
of Congress.


Features of a CAI questionnaire

     Using the capabilities of computer-assisted interviewing (CAI) in the
2000 ANES enabled the introduction of several features that are not
feasible using a paper-and-pencil questionnaire.  The most significant of
these for users of this data are: randomization within batteries or sequences
of questions; application of half-sampling to some questions; and random order
of presentation of blocks of questions.  Randomization within batteries refers
to presenting, in a randomly determined order, a series of questions about the
same objects (or people).  An example would be the questions about the
respondent's likes and dislikes of the four main Presidential candidates
where the names of Gore, Bush, Buchanan, and Nader were inserted randomly as
the first, second, third or fourth person to be asked about in this series.  
Randomization of names/objects in this way avoids ordering effects that might
be obtained if, for example, the candidates were always asked about in the
same order in every series of questions where a parallel question is asked
about each of the three.  Questions where randomization of order within a
series was in force are clearly identified in the codebook.  Randomization
variables, which allow the user to identify the order of presentation, are
provided for all instances of randomized presentation.  A few questions,
primarily open-ended questions, were half-sampled, so that a randomly selected
half of respondents were asked the question.  Finally, an order experiment,
where a sequence of closed-ended questions was asked early in the interview
for a random half of respondents and late in the interview for the other half,
was included as part of the mode comparison experiment described below.  For
both of these features, the relevant codebook entries contain explanatory
notes.  All random selections were programmed into the computer application of
the questionnaire and occurred automatically and independently of other
circumstances of the interview.  CAI eliminates the preparation of a paper 
and pencil version which would previously have been published in the codebook.

     Candidate information (names, gender and candidate codes) were 
"pre-loaded" into the application to be used during the interview.  
The pre-loaded information is included in the released data.  However,
since paper candidate lists are no longer utilized as field materials, 
there is no "Candidate List" appended to this codebook, although the 
term 'Candidate List' continues to be used in the codebook as a reference 
to the candidate information available to the interviewer (CAPI preload).


STUDY ADMINISTRATION: MODE EXPERIMENT

     ANES election studies are traditionally based on personal, face to face 
interviewing rather than telephone interviewing in order to preserve the
quality of sampling and survey response.  Given questions that have been
raised within the research community about the relatively high expense of
face-to-face interviewing compared with the more widely used telephone mode,
the ANES Board of Overseers authorized a series of efforts to investigate
possibilities for maximizing the use of telephone interviewing.  The 1996 and
1998 election studies included smaller mode experiments to test the
consequences of mode on survey quality and reliability.  The design and
administration of the mode experiment in 2000 was guided by the work of a blue
ribbon committee and the commission of two reports (available at
http://www.umich.edu/~nes/) comparing face to face with telephone surveys. 
The issues included sample coverage, non-response, item non-response, social
desirability bias, and satisficing.  Several experiments were designed in the
2000 ANES to gather more evidence on those effects.  Those experiments are
labeled in the question tags by the letter "E".


Question wording experiments for mode effects

In assessing possible mode effects, the ANES Board of Overseers along with the
2000 Planning committee implemented a number of experiments to analyze
response order effects, satisficing, and other possible fatigue effects of
phone interviewing.

The experiments, placed almost exclusively in the pre-election survey are: 
G6, G7, G8, G9, G10, H1, H2,H4, H11, H12, L3, L6, M4, P1, and K2 in the
post-election survey.  Question tags identify experimental questions with the
letter "E".  The table below specifies the type of experiment, concept and
question number, and the altered wording.

Concept                                         Experiment
===============================                 =============================

Liberal/Conservative - G6, G7, G8, G9, G10      Branching vs. scale format
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much
Do you usually think of yourself as extremely liberal, liberal, slightly
liberal, moderate or middle of the road, slightly conservative, conservative
or extremely conservative?
Do you usually think of yourself as a liberal, a conservative, a moderate
or haven't you thought much about this?  Strong or not strong?

Economy - H1                                    Response order effects
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
...gotten better, stayed about the same, or gotten worse
...worse, stayed about the same, or gotten better

Economic Conditions - H2                        Response order effects
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
...or gotten easier for people to find enough work
...or gotten harder for people to find enough work

Economic Expectations - H4                      Response order effects
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
...to get better, stay about the same, or get worse
...to get worse, stay about the same, or get better

Policy Positions on Imports - H11               Don't know effects by mode
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
...placing new limits on imports, or haven't you thought much about this?
...Do you favor or oppose placing new limits on imports?

Isolationism - H12                              Agree/Disagree format
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
...Do you agree or disagree with this statement
...stay at home or try to solve problems

Govt v. Private Health Care - L3                Response order effects         
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Some people feel that there should be a govt insurance plan....suppose these
people are at one end of the scale, at point 1.  Others feel that all medical
expenses should be paid by individuals...

Affirmative Action - L6                         Balancing and mode effects
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Should companies that have discriminated against blacks have to have an
affirmative action program?
Should companies that have discriminated ... or should companies not have
to have an affirmative action program?

Tradeoff: Environment v. Jobs - M4              Don't know effects by mode
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much
about this?
Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much?

Women's Rights - P1                             Don't know effects by mode
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much?
Where would you place yourself on this scale?

Political Knowledge - K2                        Don't know effects by mode
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The first name is Trent Lott.  What job or political office does he now hold?
[DON'T PROBE DON'T KNOWS]
The first name is Trent Lott.  What job or political office does he now hold?
[PROBE DON'T KNOWS WITH, "WELL, WHAT'S YOUR BEST GUESS?] 


Telephone wording

     Because the questions asked by ANES over the last fifty years have been 
administered in person, the question text , that we are careful not to alter, 
reflects the context of that traditional face to face interview.  To
understand what such a change in mode would mean to the time series we
implemented the RDD study with a questionnaire that reflected the necessary
changes in mode.  The overlap between those questions is approximately 75%.
Where questions were to be read differently, question tags are identified with
the letter "T".

Pre-election study: administration

     Interviewing for the pre-election survey began on September 5, 2000
and concluded on November 6, 2000.  A total of 1807 interviews were conducted
prior to the election - 1006 face to face and 801 by telephone.  The average
length of interview was 68.1 minutes - 70.5 minutes in face to face interviews
and 65.1 minutes in telephone interviews.  The overall response rate was
61.2% - 64.8 for the face to face interviewing and 57.2 for the telephone 
interviewing.

     In an effort to improve response rates, respondents received a pre-
notification packet by two day mail, which included a brochure on the study,
and a "Monte Blanc" style pen with the University of Michigan seal, and 
a letter notifying them we would be contacting them and would offer them 
payment for their time - 20 dollars.  Toward the end of the study, ANES staff
became concerned that the production goals would not be met by election day.
This concern motivated a number of interventions:  refusal conversion
training for interviewers having difficulty, refusal conversion packets
mailed by two day mail, and interviewer incentives, and increased respondent
incentives.  Interviewers were given ten dollars for every interview
conducted after 10/26/01, and respondent incentives were increased 
from $20 to $40.  To take account of those changes, variable V000139a
identifies those cases where interviewers received an incentive per 
completed case, and variable V00016 identifies those cases where R 
received the increased incentive.

Post-election study: administration

     In an effort to cut rising costs while in the field, two segment areas 
of the face to face sample were randomly selected to receive post interviews
by telephone.  By randomly selecting forty-seven segments for telephone post 
interviews, 200 cases were removed from the strict mode experiment.

     Respondents again received a prenotification letter.  Respondents
were informed that they would receive $20 dollars as payment for their time.
Incentives were not increased for those who had received $40 in the pre-
election.

     Interviewing began on November 8, 2000 and concluded on December 18,
2000.  A total of 1555 interviews were conducted after the election -
693 face to face and 862 by telephone.  The average length of interview
was 63.7 minutes - 66.6 minutes in face to face interviews and 61.4 minutes
in telephone interviews.  The overall response rate was 86% - 86.1 face to
face, and 85.8%.

     The day after the election, it remained unclear who would be President
and
issues of fairness were increasingly being raised.  To take advantage of this
historical moment ANES promptly included additional content on the fairness of
the election, the importance of one's vote, and whether R was satisfied with
democracy.

Evaluation of problems in study implementation

     Two implementation problems arose in the post-election field
randomization problem.  The first involves randomization and the second
involves the mode treatment.  On 11/16/00 it was discovered that the seed 
used to generate randomization in the instrument application was not properly
assigned within the CAPI program.  Consequently, interviews conducted prior 
to the correction of this error (or, for interviews started before and
completed after correction of this error, portions of interviews) did not have
randomization functioning for interview logic. Cases conducted without
randomization in the logic were administered as if only 1 choice were
available at each point where logic was intended to make a random selection
among two or more choices: most of these cases have an identical choice made
at each point where randomization was to have been effected.  The Form
description variables V000127a and V000127b and the randomization variables
documented in V001752-V001810 describe the Post randomizations affected.

     The second problem involves the 200 FTF Pre cases randomly selected to 
be switched to Phone administration in the Post  (see above "Post-election
study: assignment to telephone mode").  Post interviews were completed for 
168 of these cases.  Among these 168 Post interviews, 5 were mistakenly
administered by interviewers face-to-face instead of by phone.  These 
5 cases are flagged in the Post administration variable describing mode 
(V000126) as code 7; note that in 3 of these 5 cases, the IWR actually 
identified the case as Phone at the start of the interview (although it was 
being administered face-to-face), and telephone logic was followed by the CAPI
survey instrument as the interview was conducted: telephone versions of 
questions were produced for the interviewer to administer.  In the 4th case, 
the interviewer identified the case at the start of the interview as a
face-to-face interview, and FTF logic was used.


RESPONSE RATES

     The final result codes for the face to face and telephone sample were
used to calculate the two response rates below.  The pre-election face to face 
response rate (the ratio of completed interviews to the total number of 
potential respondents) for the study was 64.8%.  The pre-election telephone 
response rate was 57.2%.  The overall re-interview response rate in the post 
election interviewing was 86%  The response rate in the face to face mode was 
86.1% and for telephone it was 85.8%.

2000 Election Study: Response Rates

Face to Face       completed interviews     response rate    cooperation rate
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pre-election             1006                   64.8%              86.4%
Post-election            693                    57.2%              96.9%

Telephone
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pre-election             801                    57.2%              77.4%
Post-election            862                    85.8%**            95.5%

Summary
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pre-election             1807                   61.2%              82.1%
Post-election            1555                   86.0%              96.1%


     The field and study staff implemented a number of strategies to bolster 
response rates, including respondent incentives, interviewer incentives, 
carefully written appeals to respondents sent express mail, special 
non-response training for interviewers, and extensive refusal conversion
attempts.  Most of these strategies were implemented during the pre-election
study.  The post-election study, which occurred during a unique time for the
country, was marked by the willingness of our respondents to be 
re-interviewed.  The overall refusal rate (the proportion of all cases in 
which a respondent refuses to do an interview to the total eligible 
respondents contacted) for the post election study was 4%.

**The 200 cases from the face to face sample that were assigned for telephone
interviewing in the post had a response rate of 84.5%  The response rate for
all the cases minus the 200 "reassigned mode" cases is 86.3%.


>> 2000 NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY SAMPLE DESIGN

STUDY POPULATION

     The study population for the 2000 Pre- and Post-Election Study is defined
to include all United States citizens of voting age on or before the 2000
Election Day.  Eligible citizens must have resided in housing units in the
forty-eight coterminous states.  This definition excludes persons living in
Alaska or Hawaii and requires eligible persons to have been both a United
States citizen and eighteen years of age on or before the 7th of November
2000.

>> DUAL FRAME SAMPLE DESIGN

The 2000 ANES is a dual frame sample with both an area sample and an RDD 
component.  The RDD frame provides coverage of telephone households while the 
area sample provides full coverage of all U.S. households including those 
without telephones.  Each of these sample designs will be described in the 
following sections.  The 2000 ANES data set contains 1006 area sample cases 
and 801 telephone sample cases.

>> FTF SAMPLE DESIGN - MULTI-STAGE AREA PROBABILITY

The area sample is based on a multi-stage area probability sample selected 
from the Survey Research Center's (SRC) 1990 National Sample design. 
Identification of the 2000 ANES sample respondents was conducted using a four 
stage sampling process--a primary stage sampling of U.S. Metropolitan
Statistical Areas (MSAs) or New England County Metropolitan Areas (NECMAs) 
and non-MSA counties, followed by a second stage sampling of area segments, a 
third stage sampling of housing units within sampled area segments and 
concluding with the random selection of a single respondent from selected 
housing units.  A detailed documentation of the 1990 SRC National Sample, 
from which the 2000 ANES sample was drawn, is provided in the SRC publication 
titled 1990 SRC National Sample: Design and Development.  

The 2000 ANES sample design called for an entirely new cross-section sample to 
be drawn from the 1990 SRC National Sample; no panel component was included 
in 2000.    The 1990 SRC National Sample is a multi-stage area probability 
sample.  The 2000 ANES sample was drawn from both the 1990 SRC National Sample 
strata (MSA PSUs) and the 1980 SRC National Sample strata  (non-MSA PSUs). 
The modification of the 1990 design in which the 1980 strata definitions were 
used for the non-MSA counties fully represents the non-MSA domain of the 48 
contiguous states.  This modification was made for cost and interviewing 
efficiency reasons related to the availability of interviewers in these areas 
who work on some of SRC's large panel studies.  The following sections will 
focus on the 1990 SRC National Sample design.


Selection Stages for the 2000 ANES FTF Sample: 1990 SRC National Sample
------------------------------------------------------------------

Primary Stage Selection

The selection of primary stage sampling units (PSUs) for the 1990 SRC 
National Sample, which depending on the sample stratum are either MSAs, New 
England County Metropolitan Areas (NECMAs), single counties, independent 
cities, county equivalents or groupings of small counties, is based on the 
county-level 1990 Census Reports of Population and Housing (1).  Primary stage 
units were assigned to 108 explicit strata based on MSA/NECMA or non-
MSA/NECMA status, PSU size, Census Region and geographic location within 
region.  Twenty-eight of the 108 strata contain only a single self-
representing PSU, each of which is included with certainty in the primary 
stage of sample selection.  The remaining 80 nonself-representing strata 
contain more than one PSU.  From each of these nonself-representing strata, 
one PSU was sampled with probability proportionate to its size (PPS) measured 
in 1990 occupied housing units. 

The full 1990 SRC National Sample of 108 primary stage selections was 
designed to be optimal for surveys roughly three to five times the size of 
the 2000 NES.  To permit the flexibility needed for optimal design of smaller 
survey samples, the primary stage of the SRC National Sample can be readily 
partitioned into smaller subsamples of PSUs such as a one-half sample or a 
three-quarter sample partition.  Each of the partitions represents a 
stratified subselection from the full 108 PSU design.  The 2000 ANES sample of 
44 PSUs is a stratified random subsample of PSUs from the "A" half-sample 
partition of the 1990 SRC National Sample.  Because of the small size of this 
NES sample, both the number of PSUs (selected primary areas) and the 
secondary stage units (area segments) in the National half-sample were 
reduced by subselection for the 2000 ANES sample design.  The 18 self-
representing areas in the 1990 SRC National half-sample were all retained for 
the 2000 ANES sample (8 of these remained self-representing in the 2000 ANES 
and 10 represent not only their own MSA but their "pair" among the twenty 
additional self-representing primary areas of the full 1990 SRC National 
Sample design).  Nineteen of the 26 nonself-representing half-sample MSAs and 
7 of the 14 half-sample non-MSAs were retained by the subselection for the 
2000 ANES sample (or 26 of 40 NSR PSUs).

Table 1 identifies the 44 PSUs in the 2000 ANES sample by MSA status and 
Region and also indicates the number of area segments used for the 2000 ANES 
sample (see next section on second stage selection). 


      Table 1: PSU Name and Number of Area Segments in the 2000 ANES Sample
      Showing 1990 SRC National-Sample Stratum and MSA Status.

==============================================================================
National Sample PSU      National Sample PSU Name    # of 2000 NES
                                                        Segments
==============================================================================

                  Eight Largest Self-representing PSUs
                  ------------------------------------
120              New York, NY MSA                           12
190              Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA MSA130          12
130              Chicago, IL MSA                             9
121              Philadelphia, PA-NJ MSA                     7
131              Detroit, MI MSA                             6
150              Washington DC-MD-VA MSA                     6
110              Boston, MA NECMA                            6
171              Dallas and Ft Worth, TX CMSA                6

                  Ten Remaining Largest MSA PSUs
                  ------------------------------
170              Houston, TX MSA                             6
191              Seattle-Tacoma, WA CMSA                     6
141              St Louis, MO-IL MSA                         6
152              Baltimore, MD MSA                           6
122              Nassau-Suffolk, NY MSA                      6
194              Anaheim-Santa Ana, CA MSA                   6
132              Cleveland, OH MSA                           6
154              Miami-Hialeah, FL MSA                       5(2)
181              Denver, CO MSA                              6
196              San Francisco, CA MSA                       6


                  Nonself-representing MSAs:  Northeast
                  -------------------------------------
211              New Haven-Waterbury-Meriden, CT NECMA       6
213              Manchester-Nashua NH NECMA                  6
220              Buffalo, NY MSA                             6
226              Atlantic City, NJ MSA                       6

                  Nonself-representing MSAs:  Midwest
                  -----------------------------------
230              Milwaukee, WI MSA                           6
434              Saginaw, MI MSA                             6
239              Steubenville-Wheeling, OH  (3)              6
240              Des Moines, IA MSA                          6

                  Nonself-representing MSAs:  South
                  ---------------------------------
250              Richmond-Petersburg, VA MSA                 6
255              Columbus, GA-AL MSA                         6
257              Jacksonville, FL MSA                        6
258              Lakeland, FL MSA                            6
260              Knoxville TN MSA                            6
262              Birmingham, AL MSA                          6
273              Waco, TX MSA                                6
274              McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX MSA            6

                  Nonself-representing MSAs:  West
                  --------------------------------
280              Salt Lake City-Ogden etc, UT MSA            6
292              Fresno, CA MSA                              6
293              Eugene-Springfield, OR MSA                  6

                  Nonself-representing Non-MSAs:  Northeast 
                  -----------------------------------------
464              Gardner, MA                                 6

                  Nonself-representing Non-MSAs: Midwest
                  --------------------------------------
466              Decatur County, IN                          6
470              Mower County, MN                            6

                  Nonself-representing Non-MSAs:  South
                  -------------------------------------
474              DeSoto Parish, LA                           6
477              Chicot County, AR                           6
480              Montgomery County, VA                       6

                  Nonself-representing Non-MSAs:  West
                  ------------------------------------
482              ElDorado County, CA                         6

                            Total Number of Segments       279


(1)  Office of Management and Budget (OMB) June 1990 definitions of MSAs,
NECMAs, counties, parishes, independent cities.  These, of course, differ in
some respects from the primary stage unit (PSU) definitions used in the 1980
SRC National Sample so will not be strictly comparable to the 1996 ANES Panel
PSUs--particularly in New England where MSAs were used as PSUs in the 1980
National Sample and NECMAs were used as PSUs in the 1990 National Sample.

(2)  One selected segment (023) was in a former trailer park that had no 
housing units to be listed in January 1996. All had been destroyed in 1992 by 
hurricane Andrew and there were no plans to rebuild.

(3) In the 1990 SRC National Sample, U.S. Census Region boundaries were 
maintained for purposed of stratification at the Primary State of selection. 
Since some MSA definitions cross Region boundaries, such MSAs were split and 
the MSA counties recombined in ways that maintained the Region boundary. This 
PSU actually contains the Ohio counties from both the Steubenville-Wierton, 
OH-WV MSA (Jefferson County, OH) and the Wheeling, WV-OH MSA (Belmont County, 
OH) and although it is made up of MSA counties -- it is not a cohesive MSA by 
OMB 1990 definition.


Second Stage Selection Area Segments

The second stage of the 1990 SRC National Sample, used for the 2000 ANES 
sample, was selected directly from computerized files that were extracted for 
the selected PSUs from the 1990 U.S. Census summary file series STF1-B.  
These files (on CD Rom) contain the 1990 Census total population and housing 
unit (HU) data at the census block level.  The designated second-stage 
sampling units (SSUs), termed "area segments", are comprised of census blocks 
in both the metropolitan (MSA) primary areas and in the rural areas of non-
MSA primary areas.  Each SSU block or block combination was assigned a 
measure of size equal to the total 1990 occupied housing unit count for the 
area.  SSU block(s) were assigned a minimum measure of 72 1990 total HUs per 
MSA SSU and a minimum measure of 48 total HUs per non-MSA SSU.  Second stage 
sampling of area segments was performed with probabilities proportionate to 
the assigned measures of size (PPS).  

For the 2000 ANES sample the number of area segments used in each PSU varies. 
In the self-representing (SR) PSUs the number of area segments varies in 
proportion to the size of the primary stage unit, from a high of 12 area 
segments in the self-representing New York and Los Angeles MSA PSUs, to a low 
of 6 area segments in the smaller self-representing PSUs such as Cleveland, 
Miami-Hialeah or Nassau-Suffolk MSAs.  All nonself-representing (NSR) PSUs 
were represented by 6 area segments each. A total of 279 ANES area segments 
were selected as shown in Table 1.

Third Stage Selection Housing Units

For each area segment selected in the second sampling stage, a listing had 
been made of all housing units located within the physical boundaries of the 
segment.  For segments with a very large number of expected housing units, 
all housing units in a subselected part of the segment were listed.  The 
final equal probability sample of housing units for the 2000 ANES sample was 
systematically selected from the housing unit listings for the sampled area 
segments.

The 2000 ANES sample design was selected from the 1990 SRC National Sample to 
yield an equal probability sample of 2269 listed housing units.  This total 
included 1972 housing units for the main sample and three reserve replicates 
of 99 cases each.  Table 2 below shows the assumptions that were used to 
determine the number of sample housing units.  The overall probability of 
selection for 2000 ANES cross-section sample of households was f=0.00002116 or 
0.2116 in 10,000.  The equal probability sample of households was achieved 
for the 2000 ANES sample by using the standard multi-stage sampling technique 
of setting the sampling rate for selecting housing units within area segments 
to be inversely proportional to the PPS probabilities used to select the PSU 
and area segment (Kish, 1965).

Fourth Stage Selection - Respondent Selection

Within each sampled 2000 ANES occupied housing unit, the SRC interviewer 
prepared a complete listing of all eligible household members.  Using an 
objective procedure described by Kish (1949) a single respondent was then 
selected at random to be interviewed.  Regardless of circumstances, no 
substitutions were permitted for the designated respondent.


>> AREA SAMPLE DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS, SPECIFICATIONS AND OUTCOMES

The 2000 National Election Study sought a total of 1000 in-person interviews. 
It was estimated that this would require a ANES sample draw of 1972 housing 
units.  This assumed an occupancy/growth rate of 0.83, an eligibility rate of 
0.94 and a response rate of 0.65.  These assumptions were based on the 1998 
NES field experience.  The overall 2000 ANES area sample design 
specifications, assumptions and outcomes are set out in Table 2, below.  A 
sample of 2269 listed housing units was actually selected for the 2000 ANES 
study.  This allowed for three reserve replicates of 99 cases each. There was 
no panel component in 2000.  

A comparison of the 2000 ANES sample outcome figures to the design 
specifications and assumptions in Table 2 shows that the actual occupancy, 
eligibility, and response rates were very close to the expected rates. The 
actual response rate for the Post-Election Telephone sample was 0.86, which 
was slightly higher than the assumed rate of 0.85.


      Table 2:  2000 ANES Area Sample Pre and Post-Election Design
      Specifications and Assumptions Compared to Sample Outcome.

==============================================================================
              2000 ANES         2000 ANES          2000 ANES         2000 NES
            Pre-Election     Pre-Election     Post-Election     Post-Election
               Design           Sample            Design            Sample 
            Specification       Outcome       Specification        Outcome
==============================================================================

Completed       1000             1006             847                693
Interviews

Response Rate   0.65             0.64             .85               0.86

Eligible        1538             1564            1000                805 (4)
Sample
Households

Eligibility     0.94            0.95
Rate

Occupied        1634            1639
Households

Occupancy/      0.83            0.82
growth Rate

Total Sample    1972            1986
Lines


(4) Initial sample lines (FTF and Phone) are different from the Pre-Election 
completed interviews because of the switch in mode for randomly selected 
sample cases.


>> 2000 ANES RDD (RANDOM DIGIT DIAL)SAMPLE

The RDD telephone component of the 2000 ANES is a stratified equal 
probability sample of telephone numbers.  The sample is not clustered.  The 
telephone numbers were selected from a commercial listed one hundred series 
sampling frame consisting of every possible phone number that can be 
generated by appending the 2-digit numbers 00 - 99 to the set of hundred 
banks that have at least two listed household telephone numbers.  Hundred 
banks are the first eight digits of a phone number - area code, exchange, and 
the next two digits.  Each hundred bank defines a set of 100 possible phone 
numbers.  Directory listings are used to define the set of listed hundred 
series.  However both listed and unlisted telephone numbers can be selected 
from the sampling frame.  A small amount of noncoverage of telephone numbers 
results from household numbers that are in hundred banks with 0 or 1 listed 
residential numbers.  These telephone households as well as non-telephone 
households are covered by the area sample component.

An initial sample of 8500 telephone numbers was selected from the 
listed frame for the coterminous 48 states.  These numbers were pre-screened 
by the vendor to remove most business and non-working phone numbers.  After 
pre-screening, 5760 or 67.8% of the 8500 telephone numbers were returned as 
potentially working residential numbers.  The potentially working phone 
numbers were matched against a file of directory listings to append address 
information so that Congressional Districts could be assigned.  Before sample 
selection, the telephone numbers were stratified by the competitiveness of 
the Congressional race (5 levels), whether or not the race was open, and by 
Census Division.  A half sample was systematically selected from the 
stratified file.  An initial sample of 2349 cases was selected from the 
random half sample and the remaining telephone numbers were assigned to 5 
reserve replicates of 106-107 numbers each.  The reserve replicates were 
available for use in case the working rate or response rate were lower than 
expected.


>> 2000 ANES RDD SAMPLE DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS, SPECIFICATIONS AND OUTCOMES

The 2000 National Election Study sought a total of 861 telephone interviews. 
It was estimated that this would require a ANES sample draw of 2349 telephone 
numbers assuming a working rate (after pre-screening) of 0.65, an eligibility 
rate of 0.94, and a response rate of 0.60.  The eligibility rate was based on 
the 1998 ANES experience.  Working rate and response rate assumptions were 
based on the Survey Research Center's recent experience with RDD samples. The 
overall 2000 ANES RDD sample design specifications, assumptions and outcomes 
are set out in Table 3, below.  A comparison of the 2000 ANES RDD sample 
design specifications and assumptions to the outcome figures in Table 3 
indicates that, although the actual eligibility rate was higher than assumed, 
both the working rate and response rates were lower than specified in the 
sample design assumptions.  This resulted in fewer interviews being taken in 
the Pre-Election study. The actual response rate for the Post-Election 
telephone sample was 0.86, which was higher than the assumed rate of 0.75.  


     Table 3:  2000 ANES Telephone Sample Design Specifications and 
     Assumptions Compared to Sample Outcome.

==============================================================================
              2000 ANES         2000 ANES          2000 ANES         2000 NES
            Pre-Election     Pre-Election     Post-Election     Post-Election
               Design           Sample            Design            Sample 
            Specification       Outcome       Specification        Outcome
==============================================================================

Completed        861             801               645               862
Interviews

Response Rate   0.60            0.56               .75              0.86

Eligible        1435            1418               861              1002 (5)
Sample
Households

Eligibility     0.94           0.96
Rate

Occupied        1527           1475
Households

Working Rate    0.65           0.63

Total Sample    2349           2349
Lines


(5)  Initial sample lines (FTF and Phone) are different from the Pre-Election 
completed interviews because of the switch in mode for randomly selected 
sample cases.


>> 2000 ANES POST-ELECTION STUDY SAMPLE OUTCOMES

      Of the 1807 respondents interviewed in the Pre-Election Study, 1555 
completed Post-Election interviews for an overall response rate of 0.86.  FTF 
interviews were attempted with 805 of the 1006 persons interviewed FTF in the 
Pre-Election study and 693 FTF interviews were obtained for a FTF response 
rate of 0.86.   Approximately 200 FTF cases were transferred to telephone 
interviewing for the Post-Election study in order to reduce field costs.  
This was accomplished through a systematic random sample of approximately 20 
percent of the area segments.  Telephone interviews were attempted with 1002 
(201 FTF in the Pre-Election study and 801 Telephone in Pre-Election study) 
respondents in the Post-Election study.   862 telephone interviews were 
obtained for a response rate of 0.86.


>> 2000 ANES DATA - WEIGHTED ANALYSIS 

The 2000 ANES data set includes a person-level analysis weight, which 
incorporates sampling, nonresponse and post-stratification factors. Analysts 
interested in developing their own nonresponse or stratification adjustment 
factors must request access to the necessary sample control data from the ANES 
Board.


>> 2000 ANES ANALYSIS WEIGHTS - CONSTRUCTION 

Household Selection Weight Component
------------------------------------
The joint household selection weight is the same for both the RDD and 
the area sample.  This weight is an inflation factor equal to 34195.298.  It 
is equal to the inverse of the joint probability of selection, which is the 
sum of the RDD and the area sample probabilities minus their product.  It was 
not possible from the data available to reliably identify the area sample 
respondents who did not have telephone service.  The 2000 CPS March 
Supplement estimates that 5.5% of U.S. households do not have telephone 
service.  The household selection weight component therefore slightly 
underestimates respondents who live in households that cannot be reached 
through the RDD sample frame.

Person-Level Sample Selection Weight Component
----------------------------------------------

The dual frame sample design for the 2000 ANES results in a probability sample 
of U.S. households.  Within sample households a single adult respondent is 
chosen at random to be interviewed.  Since the number of eligible adults 
varies from one household to another, the random selection of a single adult 
introduces inequality into respondents' selection probabilities.  In 
analysis, a respondent selection weight should be used to compensate for 
these unequal selection probabilities.  The person-level selection weight is 
the product of the joint household selection weight and the within household 
selection weight.  The within household selection weight is equal to the 
number of eligible persons in the household and is capped at 3. The use of 
the respondent selection weight is strongly encouraged, despite past 
evaluations that have shown these weights to have little significant impact 
on the values of ANES estimates of descriptive statistics. 

Nonresponse Adjusted Selection Weight
-------------------------------------

The base weight equals the product of the joint selection weight and the 
household level nonresponse adjustment factors. Nonresponse adjustment 
factors were constructed at the household level separately for the area 
sample and the RDD sample.  Nonresponse adjustment cells for the 2000 ANES 
sample were formed by crossing MSA status by the four Census regions 
(Northeast, Midwest, South, and West).  A nonresponse adjustment factor equal 
to the inverse of the response rate in each cell was applied to the interview 
cases.  Tables 4 and 5 show the response rates and nonresponse adjustment 
factors for the area and RDD samples.


      Table 4.  Computation of Nonresponse Adjustment Weights -- 2000 ANES 
      Area Sample.

==============================================================================
PSU Type          Census Region          Response Rate         Nonresponse
                                              (%)              Adjustment
                                                                 Factor
==============================================================================
MSAs                Northeast                55.28               1.809
                    Midwest                  62.86               1.591
                    South                    61.87               1.616
                    West                     67.82               1.474
Non MSAs            Northeast                61.54               1.625
                    Midwest                  65.71               1.522
                    South                    79.55               1.257
                    West                     83.33               1.200



      Table 5 Computation of Nonresponse Adjustment Weights -- 2000 ANES RDD 
      Sample.

==============================================================================
PSU Type          Census Region          Response Rate         Nonresponse
                                              (%)              Adjustment
                                                                 Factor
==============================================================================
MSAs                Northeast                 43.94               2.276
                    Midwest                   62.08               1.611
                    South                     58.72               1.703
                    West                      53.56               1.867
Non MSAs            Northeast                 50.00               2.000
                    Midwest                   67.90               1.473
                    South                     62.70               1.595
                    West                      67.86               1.474


Post-stratification factor
--------------------------

The 2000 ANES weights are post-stratified to 2000 CPS March Supplement 
proportions for six (6) ages by four (4) education categories.    Table 6 
shows the weighted estimates and proportions for the 24 cells for the 2000 
CPS and the 2000 NES.  The post-stratification adjustment is computed by 
dividing the CPS weighted total by the 2000 ANES total weighted by the 
nonresponse adjusted selection weight.  The final two columns show the ANES 
weighted totals using the final post-stratified analysis weight and the 
resulting percents, which match the CPS percents.

Final Analysis Weights
----------------------

The final analysis weight (FINAL_WT) is the product of the household level 
non-response adjustment factor, the number of eligible persons, and a person-
level post-stratification factor.  The final analysis weight for the 2000 
NES sample (FINAL_WT) is scaled to sum to 1807, the total number of 
respondents.  This weight is trimmed at the 1st and 99th percentiles and then 
re-scaled to match the 2000 CPS proportions for the 24 age by education 
cells.

Post-Election Attrition Weight
------------------------------

The 1555 Post-Election cases were post-stratified to 2000 CPS March 
Supplement proportions for six (6) ages by four (4) education categories (the 
same categories used for post-stratifying the Pre-Election cases).  The post-
stratification compensates for differential non-response by age group and 
education level.  Response rates for the Post-Election Study ranged from a 
high of 100 percent for persons 70 or older with a college degree or higher 
to a low of 76 percent for persons age 30 - 39 who did not graduate from high 
school.  The panel attrition weight for the Post-Election Study, POST_WT, is 
the product of the Pre-Election FINAL_WT and the post-stratification factor 
formed by dividing the CPS proportion by the weighted ANES proportion for each 
of the 24 age by education cells.  The weight is scaled to sum to the number 
of cases, 1555. 


      Table 6: 2000 ANES Sample Weight:  Post-stratification Factors.

==============================================================================
Age   Education     n   2000 CPS   2000   Prelim 2000   Post-   ANES   Final
Group   Level            Est in    CPS      ANES wtd     strat   wtd    NES
                        000s (6)    %    Est in 000s   Adjust   n     wtd
                                                            centered   %
==============================================================================

18-29  <High       22   6,411.4   3.438   2,490.3   2.574    62.08     3.44
       School
       Graduation

       High School 88  12,223.7   6.555   9,628.2   1.270   118.53     6.56
       Graduate

       Some       103  14,524.8   7.789  11,424.0   1.271   140.81     7.79
       College

       College     68   6,666.9   3.575   6,990.0   0.954    64.73     3.58  
       Graduate

30-39  <High       21   3,242.8   1.739   1,780.1   1.822    31.48     1.74
       School
       Graduation

       High       108  12,543.8   6.727  10,873.1   1.154   121.56     6.73
       School
       Graduate

       Some       121  10,759.0   5.769  11,727.6   0.917   104.32     5.77
       College

       College    146  10,786.4   5.784  14,122.3   0.764   104.36     5.78
       Graduate

40-49  <High       22   3,478.8   1.865   2,277.5   1.527    33.74     1.87
       School
       Graduation

       High       101  13,087.2   7.018   9,899.0   1.322   126.84     7.02
       School
       Graduate

       Some       129  11,548.5   6.193  13,551.0   0.852   111.85     6.19
       College

       College    137  11,327.1   6.074  14,505.2   0.781   109.74     6.07
       Graduate

50-59  <High      123   3,300.1   1.770   2,192.9   1.505    32.04     1.77
       School
       Graduation

       High        93   9,364.1   5.022   9,558.1   0.980    90.70     5.02
       Graduate

       Some        96   7,449.2   3.995  10,185.6   0.731    72.12     3.99
       College

       College    110   7,984.6   4.282  11,542.5   0.716    77.40     4.28
       Graduate

60-69  <High       35   4,136.4   2.218   3,429.9   1.206    40.20     2.22
       School
       Graduation

       High School 61   7,201.9   3.862   6,060.7   1.188    69.77     3.86
       Graduate

       Some        49   3,886.6   2.084   4,280.8   0.908    37.58     2.08
       College

       College     49   3,880.8   2.081   4,688.9   0.828    37.53     2.08
        Graduate

70 +  <High School 58   7,298.9   3.914   5,033.8   1.450    70.63     3.91
      Graduation

      High School  73   7,994.7   4.287   6,327.7   1.263    77.51     4.29
      Graduate

      Some College 48   4,073.3   2.184   3,811.1   1.069    39.41     2.18

      College      46   3,303.4   1.771   4,071.8   0.811    32.07     1.77

      Totals     1807 186,470.0   100.0 180,100.0           1807.0    100.0



(6)  Because U.S. citizenship is required for ANES eligibility, the CPS counts 
used for stratification include only U.S. citizens.


>> 2000 ANES PROCEDURES FOR SAMPLING ERROR ESTIMATION

The 2000 ANES sample design is based on a stratified multi-stage area 
probability sample of United States households.  Although smaller in scale, 
the ANES sample design is very similar in it basic structure to the multi-
stage designs used for major federal survey programs such as the Health 
Interview Survey (HIS) or the Current Population Survey (CPS).  The survey 
literature refers to the NES, HIS and CPS samples as complex designs, a 
loosely-used term meant to denote the fact that the sample incorporates 
special design features such as stratification, clustering and differential 
selection probabilities (i.e., weighting) that analysts must consider in 
computing sampling errors for sample estimates of descriptive statistics and 
model parameters.  This section of the 2000 ANES sample design description 
focuses on sampling error estimation and construction of confidence intervals 
for survey estimates of descriptive statistics such as means, proportions, 
ratios, and coefficients for linear and logistic linear regression models.

Standard analysis software systems such SAS and SPSS assume simple random 
sampling (SRS) or equivalently independence of observations in computing 
standard errors for sample estimates.  In general, the SRS assumption results 
in underestimation of variances of survey estimates of descriptive statistics 
and model parameters.  Confidence intervals based on computed variances that 
assume independence of observations will be biased (generally too narrow) and 
design-based inferences will be affected accordingly.  

Sampling Error Computation Methods and Programs
-----------------------------------------------

Over the past 50 years, advances in survey sampling theory have guided the 
development of a number of methods for correctly estimating variances from 
complex sample data sets. A number of sampling error programs which implement 
these complex sample variance estimation methods are available to ANES data 
analysts.   The two most common approaches to the estimation of sampling 
error for complex sample data are through the use of a Taylor Series 
Linearization of the estimator (and corresponding approximation to its 
variance) or through the use of resampling variance estimation procedures 
such as Balanced Repeated Replication (BRR) or Jackknife Repeated Replication 
(JRR).  New Bootstrap methods for variance estimation can also be included 
among the resampling approaches.  See Rao and Wu (1988).

1.  Taylor series linearization method:

When survey data are collected using a complex sample design with unequal 
size clusters, most statistics of interest will not be simple linear 
functions of the observed data.  The linearization approach applies Taylor's 
method to derive an approximate form of the estimator that is linear in 
statistics for which variances and covariances can be directly and easily 
estimated (Woodruff, 1971).  SUDAAN and Stata are two commercially available 
statistical software packages that include procedures that apply the Taylor 
series method to estimation and inference for complex sample data. 

SUDAAN  (Shah et al., 1996) is a commercially available software system 
developed and marketed by the Research Triangle Institute of Research 
Triangle Park, North Carolina (USA).  SUDAAN was developed as a stand-alone 
software system with capabilities for the more important methods for 
descriptive and multivariate analysis of survey data, including: estimation 
and inference for means, proportions and rates (PROC DESCRIPT and PROC 
RATIO); contingency table analysis (PROC CROSSTAB); linear regression (PROC 
REGRESS); logistic regression (PROC LOGISTIC); log-linear models (PROC 
CATAN); and survival analysis (PROC SURVIVAL).  SUDAAN V7.0 and earlier 
versions were designed to read directly from ASCII and SAS system data sets.
The latest versions of SUDAAN permit procedures to be called directly from 
the SAS system.  Information on SUDAAN is available at the following web site 
address: http://www.rti.org.

Stata  (StataCorp, 1997) is a more recent commercial entry to the available 
software for analysis of complex sample survey data and has a growing body of 
research users.  Stata includes special versions of its standard analysis 
routines that are designed for the analysis of complex sample survey data.  
Special survey analysis programs are available for descriptive estimation of 
means (SVYMEAN), ratios (SVYRATIO), proportions (SVYTOT) and population 
totals (SVYTOTAL).  Stata programs for multivariate analysis of survey data 
currently include linear regression (SVYREG), logistic regression (SVYLOGIT) 
and probit regression (SVYPROBT).  Information on the Stata analysis software 
system can be found on the Web at: http://www.stata.com.

2.  Resampling methods:

BRR, JRR and the bootstrap comprise a second class of nonparametric methods 
for conducting estimation and inference from complex sample data.  As 
suggested by the generic label for this class of methods, BRR, JRR and the 
bootstrap utilize replicated subsampling of the sample database to develop 
sampling variance estimates for linear and nonlinear statistics.  WesVar PC 
(Brick et al., 1996) is a publicly available software system for personal 
computers that employs replicated variance estimation methods to conduct the 
more common types of statistical analysis of complex sample survey data.  
WesVar PC was developed by Westat, Inc. and is distributed along with 
documentation free of charge to researchers from Westat's Web site: 
http://www.westat.com/wesvarpc/.  WesVar PC includes a Windows-based 
application generator that enables the analyst to select the form of data 
input (SAS data file, SPSS for Windows data base, dBase file, ASCII data set) 
and the computation method (BRR or JRR methods).  Analysis programs contained 
in WesVar PC provide the capability for basic descriptive (means, 
proportions, totals, cross tabulations) and regression (linear, logistic) 
analysis of complex sample survey data.  WestVar Complex Samples 3.0 is the 
latest version of WestVar PC that is licensed and distributed by SPSS.  
Information on the latest developments can be obtained at 
http://www.spss.com.

These new and updated software packages include an expanded set of user 
friendly, well-documented analysis procedures.  Difficulties with sample 
design specification, data preparation, and data input in the earlier 
generations of survey analysis software created a barrier to use by analysts 
who were not survey design specialists.  The new software enables the user to 
input data and output results in a variety of common formats, and the latest 
versions accommodate direct input of data files from the major analysis 
software systems.   Readers who are interested in a more detailed comparison 
of these and other survey analysis software alternatives are referred to 
Cohen (1997).

Sampling Error Computation Models
---------------------------------

Regardless of whether linearization or a resampling approach is used, 
estimation of variances for complex sample survey estimates requires the 
specification of a sampling error computation model.  ANES data analysts who 
are interested in performing sampling error computations should be aware that 
the estimation programs identified in the preceding section assume a specific 
sampling error computation model and will require special sampling error 
codes.  Individual records in the analysis data set must be assigned sampling 
error codes that identify to the programs the complex structure of the sample 
(stratification, clustering) and are compatible with the computation 
algorithms of the various programs.  To facilitate the computation of 
sampling error for statistics based on 2000 ANES data, design-specific 
sampling error codes will be routinely included in all public-use versions of 
the data set.  Although minor recoding may be required to conform to the 
input requirements of the individual programs, the sampling error codes that 
are provided should enable analysts to conduct either Taylor Series or 
Replicated estimation of sampling errors for survey statistics.

Table 7 defines the sampling error coding system for 2000 ANES sample cases. 
Two sampling error code variables are defined for each case based on the 
sample design primary stage unit (PSU) and area segment in which the sample 
household is located.

Sampling Error Stratum Code (Variable 000097).  The Sampling Error Computation 
Stratum Code is the variable that defines the sampling error computation 
strata for all sampling error analysis of the ANES data.  Each self-
representing (SR) design stratum is represented by one sampling error 
computation stratum.   Pairs of similar nonself-representing (NSR) primary 
stage design strata are "collapsed" (Kalton, 1977) to create NSR sampling 
error computation strata.  Since there was an uneven number of nonself-
representing MSA and non-MSA strata used in the 2000 NES, and since it was 
felt that a nonself-representing MSA PSU should be paired with a non-MSA PSU, 
one of each of these PSUs stands alone within its Sampling Error Stratum 
Code.

For the 1990 SRC National Sample design controlled selection and a "one-per-
stratum" PSU allocation are used to select the primary stage of the 2000 ANES 
national sample.  The purpose in using controlled selection and the "one-per-
stratum" sample allocation is to reduce the between-PSU component of sampling 
variation relative to a "two-per-stratum" primary stage design. Despite the 
expected improvement in sample precision, a drawback of the "one-per-stratum" 
design is that two or more sample selection strata must be collapsed or 
combined to form a sampling error computation stratum.  Variances are then 
estimated under the assumption that a multiple PSU per stratum design was 
actually used for primary stage selection.  The expected consequence of 
collapsing design strata into sampling error computation strata is the 
overestimation of the true sampling error; that is, the sampling error 
computation model defined by the codes contained in Table 7 will yield 
estimates of sampling errors which in expectation will be slightly greater 
than the true sampling error of the statistic of interest.

SECU - Stratum-specific Sampling Error Computation Unit code (Variable OOOO97) 
is a half sample code for analysis of sampling error using the BRR method or 
approximate "two-per-stratum" Taylor Series method (Kish and Hess, 1959).  
Within the SR sampling error strata, the SECU half sample units are created 
by dividing sample cases into random halves, SECU=1 and SECU=2. The 
assignment of cases to half-samples is designed to preserve the 
stratification and second stage clustering properties of the sample within an 
SR stratum. Sample cases are assigned to SECU half samples based on the area 
segment in which they were selected.  For this assignment, sample cases were 
placed in original stratification order (area segment number order) and 
beginning with a random start entire area segment clusters were 
systematically assigned to either SECU=1 or SECU=2.

In the general case of nonself-representing (NSR) strata, the half sample 
units are defined according to the PSU to which the respondent was assigned 
at sample selection (with the exception of the two unpaired NSR strata 
mentioned above).  That is, the half samples for each NSR sampling error 
computation stratum bear a one-to-one correspondence to the sample design NSR 
PSUs.  The particular sample coding provided on the ANES public use data set 
is consistent with the "ultimate cluster" approach to complex sample variance 
estimation (Kish, 1965; Kalton, 1977).  Individual stratum, PSU and segment 
code variables may be needed by ANES analysts interested in components of 
variance analysis or estimation of hierarchical models in which PSU-level and 
neighborhood-level effects are explicitly estimated.

Table 7 shows the area sample sampling error stratum and SECU codes to be 
used for the paired selection model for sampling error computations for any 
2000 ANES analyses.   Strata 01 through 26 reflect the half sample 1990 
National Sample design used for the 2000 ANES area sample.  It can be seen 
from this table that the three-digit 2000 SE code is comprised of, first, the 
two-digit SE Stratum code followed by the one-digit SECU code. The RDD sample 
cases are assigned to Strata 27 through 66.  The RDD sample is a stratified 
unclustered design.  In order to reflect the stratification of the RDD frame, 
the sample was sorted by area code within metropolitan status within Census 
Division prior to the assignment of sampling error stratum and SECU codes.  
The sorted file was then divided into groups of 20 adjacent cases to form the 
strata.  Within each stratum, cases were assigned alternately to each of the 
pair of SECUs, 10 cases per SECU.  This assignment of sampling error stratum 
and SECU codes allows for design effects to be estimated for the complete ANES 
data set as well as separately for the RDD and area sample components.  


      Table 7:  2000 ANES Election Study Sampling Error Codes.

==============================================================================
SE          SECU   SE Code  PSU    Segment #s                    Total Rs
Stratum
==============================================================================

01            1     011     120    015, 031, 047, 063, 079, 099       11
              2     012     120    007, 023, 039, 055, 071, 087       11

02            1     021     190    007, 023, 039, 055, 071, 087       11
              2     022     190    016, 031, 047, 063, 079, 095       13

03            1     031     130    011, 028, 044, 060                  8
              2     032     130    004, 020, 036, 052, 068            15

04            1     041     121    002, 018, 034, 050                 10
              2     042     121    010, 026, 042                       6

05            1     051     131    016, 032, 047                      11
              2     052     131    008, 024, 040                      10

06            1     061     150    007, 023, 039                      11
              2     062     150    015, 031, 047                       8

07            1     071     171    010, 026, 042                       6
              2     072     171    002, 018, 034                       7

08            1     081     110    004, 020, 036                       6
              2     082     110    012, 028, 044                       5

09            1     091     170    011, 027, 031, 039                 17
              2     092     154    003, 007, 011, 015, 019            13
                            170    007, 019

10            1     101     122    008, 012, 015, 024, 028, 032       18
              2     102     152    004, 012, 016, 020, 028, 032       13

11            1     111     141    004, 008, 016, 020, 024, 032       12
              2     112     132    001, 005, 009, 013, 017, 021       18

12            1     121     191    001, 005, 009, 017, 021, 025       27
              2     122     181    001, 005, 009, 013, 017, 021       20

13            1     131     194    004, 008, 016, 020, 024, 032       17
              2     132     196    002, 006, 010, 014, 018, 022       15

14            1     141     220    001, 005, 009, 013, 017, 021       40
              2     142     226    002, 006, 010, 014, 018, 022       24

15            1     151     211    004, 007, 011, 015, 020, 023        9
              2     152     213    004, 008, 012, 016, 020, 024       17

16            1     161     230   002, 006, 010, 014, 018, 022        45
              2     162     434   002, 304, 306, 008, 010, 011        23

17            1     171     239   001, 005, 009, 013, 017, 021        14
              2     172     240   002, 006, 010, 014, 018, 022        20

18            1     181     262   002, 006, 010, 014, 018, 022        48
              2     182     255   004, 008, 012, 016, 020, 024        17

19            1     191     257   004, 008, 012, 016, 020, 024        23
              2     192     258   002, 006, 010, 014, 018, 022        15

20            1     201     273   003, 007, 011, 015, 019, 023        18
              2     202     274   002, 006, 010, 014, 018, 022        14

21            1     211     260   003, 007, 011, 015, 019, 023        14
              2     212     250   003, 007, 011, 015, 019, 023        21

22            1     221     292   001, 005, 009, 013, 017, 022        20
              2     222     293   003, 007, 011, 015, 019, 023        20

23            1     231     464   303, 305, 306, 309, 311, 312        32
              2     232     480   301, 302, 303, 305, 306, 307        39

24            1     241     466   301, 302, 304, 305, 306, 308        26
              2     242     470   301, 302, 303, 305, 306, 307        43

25            1     251     474   302, 303, 304, 306, 307, 308        40
              2     252     477   302, 303, 304, 306, 307, 308        26

26            1     261     280   002, 006, 010, 014, 018, 022        34
              2     262     482   301, 303, 304, 305, 307, 308        45

Total:                                                              1006


Generalized Sampling Error Results for the 2000 NES
---------------------------------------------------

To assist ANES analysts, the PC SUDAAN program was used to compute sampling 
errors for a wide-ranging example set of proportions estimated from the 2000 
NES election Survey data set.  Sampling errors were computed for the complete 
NES data set as well as separately for the area sample and RDD sample 
components.  For each estimate, sampling errors were computed for the total 
sample and for fifteen demographic and political affiliation subclasses of 
the 2000 ANES sample.  The results of these sampling error computations were 
then summarized and translated into the general usage sampling error tables 
provided in Tables 8 - 10.   The mean value of deft, the square root of the 
design effect, was found to be 1.098 for the combined sample, 1.076 for the 
area sample component, and 1.049 for the RDD sample component.  The design 
effects were primarily due to weighting effects (Kish, 1965) and did not vary 
significantly by subclass size.  Therefore the generalized variance tables 
are produced by multiplying the simple random sampling standard error for 
each proportion and sample size by the average deft for the set of sampling 
error computations.
 
Incorporating the pattern of "design effects" observed in the extensive set 
of example computations, Tables 8 - 10 provide approximate standard errors for 
percentage estimates based on the 2000 NES.  To use the tables, examine the 
column heading to find the percentage value which best approximates the value 
of the estimated percentage that is of interest.  Next, locate the 
approximate sample size base (denominator for the proportion) in the left-
hand row margin of the table.  To find the approximate standard error of a 
percentage estimate, simply cross-reference the appropriate column 
(percentage) and row (sample size base).  Note: the tabulated values 
represent approximately one standard error for the percentage estimate.  To 
construct an approximate confidence interval, the analyst should apply the 
appropriate critical point from the "z" distribution (e.g., z=1.96 for a two-
sided 95% confidence interval half-width).  Furthermore, the approximate 
standard errors in the table apply only to single point estimates of 
percentages not to the difference between two percentage estimates.

The generalized variance results presented in Tables 8 - 10 are a useful tool 
for initial, cursory examination of the ANES survey results.  For more in 
depth analysis and reporting of critical estimates, analysts are encouraged 
to compute exact estimates of standard errors using the appropriate choice of 
a sampling error program and computation model.



      Table 8:  Generalized Variance Table.
      2000 ANES election Survey - Combined Sample.

      APPROXIMATE STANDARD ERRORS FOR PERCENTAGES

==============================================================================
             For percentage estimates near:

Sample n     50%        40%          30%        20%          10% 
                       or 60%       or 70%      or 80%      or 90%
==============================================================================

100         5.49        5.38        5.03        4.39        3.29
200         3.88        3.80        3.56        3.10        2.33
300         3.17        3.10        2.90        2.54        1.90
400         2.74        2.69        2.52        2.20        1.65
500         2.45        2.40        2.25        1.96        1.47
600         2.24        2.20        2.05        1.79        1.34
700         2.07        2.03        1.90        1.66        1.24
800         1.94        1.90        1.78        1.55        1.16
900         1.83        1.79        1.68        1.46        1.10
1000        1.74        1.70        1.59        1.39        1.04
1100        1.66        1.62        1.52        1.32        0.99
1200        1.58        1.55        1.45        1.27        0.95
1300        1.52        1.49        1.40        1.22        0.91
1400        1.47        1.44        1.34        1.17        0.88
1500        1.42        1.39        1.30        1.13        0.85
1600        1.37        1.34        1.26        1.10        0.82
1700        1.33        1.30        1.22        1.06        0.80
1800        1.29        1.27        1.19        1.04        0.78



      Table 9:  Generalized Variance Table.
      2000 ANES election Survey - Area Sample.

      APPROXIMATE STANDARD ERRORS FOR PERCENTAGES

==============================================================================
             For percentage estimates near:

Sample n     50%          40%          30%        20%          10% 
                         or 60%       or 70%      or 80%      or 90%
==============================================================================

100         5.38         5.27         4.93         4.30         3.23
200         3.80         3.73         3.48         3.04         2.28
300         3.10         3.04         2.85         2.48         1.86
400         2.69         2.63         2.46         2.15         1.61
500         2.40         2.36         2.20         1.92         1.44
600         2.20         2.15         2.01         1.76         1.32
700         2.03         1.99         1.86         1.63         1.22
800         1.90         1.86         1.74         1.52         1.14
900         1.79         1.76         1.64         1.43         1.07
1000        1.70         1.67         1.56         1.36         1.02



      Table 10:  Generalized Variance Table.
      2000 ANES election Survey - RDD Sample.

      APPROXIMATE STANDARD ERRORS FOR PERCENTAGES

==============================================================================
             For percentage estimates near:

Sample n     50%          40%          30%         20%          10% 
                         or 60%       or 70%      or 80%       or 90%
==============================================================================

100         5.24         5.14         4.80         4.19         3.14
200         3.71         3.63         3.40         2.96         2.22
300         3.03         2.96         2.77         2.42         1.82
400         2.62         2.57         2.40         2.10         1.57
500         2.34         2.30         2.15         1.88         1.41
600         2.14         2.10         1.96         1.71         1.28
700         1.98         1.94         1.82         1.58         1.19
800         1.85         1.82         1.70         1.48         1.11



References

Alegria, M., Kessler, R., Bijl, R., Lin, E., Heeringa, S.G., Takeuchi, D.T., 
Kolody, B. (2000).  To appear in The Unmet Need for Treatment.  Proceedings 
of a Symposium of the World Psychiatric Association, Sydney, Australia, 
October, 1997.

Binder, D.A. (1983), "On the variances of asymptotically normal estimators 
from complex surveys," International Statistical Review, Vol. 51, pp. 279-
292. 

Brick, J.M., Broene, P., James, P., & Severynse, J. (1996).  "A User's Guide 
to WesVar PC." Rockville, MD: Westat, Inc.

Cochran, W.G. (1977).  Sampling Techniques.  New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Cohen, S.B. (1997).  "An evaluation of alternative PC-based software packages 
developed for the analysis of complex survey data," The American 
Statistician, Vol. 51, No. 3, pp. 285-292.

Goldstein, H. (1987).  Multi-level Models in Educational and Social Research.  
London: Oxford University Press.

Kalton, G. (1977), "Practical methods for estimating survey sampling errors," 
Bulletin of the International Statistical Institute, Vol. 47, 3, pp. 495-514.

Kish, L. (1949).  "A procedure for objective respondent selection within the 
household," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 44, pp. 
380-387.

Kish, L. (1965), Survey Sampling.  New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 

Kish, L., & Frankel, M.R. (1974), "Inference from complex samples," Journal 
of the Royal Statistical Society, B, Vol. 
36, pp. 1-37.

Kish, L., Groves, R.M., & Krotki, K.P. (1975).  "Sampling errors for 
fertility surveys." Occasional Paper No. 17.  Voorburg, Netherlands: World 
Fertility Survey, International Statistical Institute.

Kish, L., & Hess, I. (1959), "On variances of ratios and their differences in 
multi-stage samples," Journal of the American Statistical Association, 54, 
pp. 416-446.

LePage, R., & Billard, L. (1992), Exploring the Limits of Bootstrap. New 
York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Mahalanobis, P.C. (1946), "Recent experiments in statistical sampling at the 
Indian Statistical Institute," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Vol. 
109, pp. 325-378.

McCullagh, P.M. & Nelder, J.A. (1989). Generalized Linear Models, 2nd 
Edition. Chapman and Hall.  London.

Rao, J.N.K & Wu, C.F.J. (1988.), "Resampling inference with complex sample 
data," Journal of the American Statistical Association, 83, pp. 231-239.

Rosenstone, Steven J., Kinder, Donald R., Miller, Warren E., & the National 
Election Studies 1994 Sample Design: Technical Memoranda, 1994 Election Study 
pp. 882-905 in Rosenstone, Steven J., Kinder, Donald R., Miller, Warren E., & 
the National Election Studies, AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY, 1994:  
ELECTION SURVEY (ENHANCED WITH 1992 AND 1993 DATA) (Computer file).  
Conducted by University of Michigan Center for Political Studies.  2nd ICPSR 
ed.  Ann Arbor MI: University of Michigan, Center for Political Studies, and 
Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (producer), 
1995.  Ann Arbor MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social 
Research (distributor), 1995.

Rust, K. (1985).  "Variance estimation for complex estimators in sample 
surveys," Journal of Official Statistics, Vol. 1, No. 4.


SAS Institute, Inc. (1990).  SAS/STAT User's Guide, Version 6, Fourth Ed., 
Vol. 2.  Cary, NC: SAS Institute, Inc.

Shah, B.V., Barnwell, B.G., Biegler, G.S. (1996).  SUDAAN User's Manual: 
Software for Statistical Analysis of Correlated Data.  Research Triangle 
Park, NC: Research Triangle Institute.

Skinner, C.J., Holt, D., & Smith, T.M.F. (1989).  Analysis of Complex 
Surveys.  New York: John Wiley & Sons.

SPSS, Inc. (1993).  SPSS for Windows: BASE System User's Guide, Release 6.0.  
Chicago, IL: SPSS Inc.

Stata Corp. (1997).  Stata Statistical Software: Release 5.0.  College 
Station, TX: Stata Corporation.

Wolter, K.M.  (1985).  Introduction to Variance Estimation. New York: 
Springer-Verlag.

Woodruff, R.S. (1971), "A simple method for approximating the variance of a 
complicated estimate," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 
66, pp. 411-414.

Yamageuchi, K. (1991).  Event History Analysis. Applied Social Research 
Methods Series, Vol. 28.  Newbury Park, CA/London: Sage Publications.  Office 
of Management and Budget (OMB) June 1990 definitions of MSAs, NECMAs, 
counties, parishes, independent cities.


>> NOTES ON CONFIDENTIAL VARIABLES

     Starting with the 1986 Election Study, ANES has released occupation code
variables in somewhat less detail than in years past.  The full release of
this dataset will includes a two-digit code with 71 categories corresponding
to Census Bureau occupational groupings.  Those who need the full occupation
code for their research should contact the ANES project staff for information
about the conditions under which access may be provided.  Similarly, the
National Election Studies have not included information for census tracts 
or minor civil divisions since 1978.  Beginning this year, we have omitted
county name.  This new procedure was implemented to protect the anonymity of
respondents living in sparsely populated counties.  Permission to use the more
detailed geographic information for scholarly research may be obtained from
the Board of Overseers.  More information about this is available from ANES 
project staff. Coding of the new religious denomination variable is in some 
cases based on an alphabetic "other, please specify" variable.  This variable
is restricted for reasons of confidentiality, but access may be provided to
legitimate scholars under established ANES procedures.     


OPEN-ENDED MATERIALS  

     Traditionally, the National Election Studies have contained several
minutes of open-ended responses (for example, the candidate likes and
dislikes).  These questions are put into Master Codes by the SRC coding
section.  Other scholars have developed alternative or supplemental coding
schemes for the questions (for example, the levels of conceptualization,
released as ICPSR 8151).  The Board of Overseers wishes to encourage these
efforts but in ways which respect the ANES and SRC obligation to protect the
privacy and anonymity of respondents.  Circumstances under which individuals
may have access to transcribed versions of these questions have been worked
out and those interested should contact the ANES project staff for further
details.



>> 2000 FILE STRUCTURE AND NOTE ON "DATASET NUMBER" AND "VERSION NUMBER"

The data file for the AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY, 2000: PRE- AND POST-
ELECTION STUDY is constructed with a single logical record for each
respondent.  There are 1881 variables for 1807 respondents.


NES "Dataset number"
-------------------

In early 1999, each unique dataset in the ANES archive was assigned a 
"Dataset number".  Dataset numbers for datasets from all archived 
NES studies are included in the ANES "VERSION TABLE" described below.

"Versions" of ANES datasets
--------------------------

The term "dataset" used by ANES refers to the following associated
components:
     1-  ASCII data file (.dat file)
     2-  SAS and SPSS data definition files (.sas, .sps files) 
     3-  Codebook files (.cbk file(s)) ^^

Components of the initial release of a dataset will be identified as version
01.  According to this system, a corrected component of a specific dataset
is called a new "VERSION" of that component and is assigned a new "Version
Number." 

Because the initial release of a dataset is sometimes followed by corrections
to one or more components, a labeling method has been implemented to identify
the release version of the datset component(s). In practice, the version
labeling will allow the analyst to easily verify if he or she has the most 
up to date component(s) for that dataset.

The version number of a particular component file is written as the first
information in the machine-readable component file:

     1) In the ASCII data file (.dat file), the version number of 
        that data file is written in each record in columns 1-2.

     2) In the SAS and SPSS data definition files, the version number 
        of the file** is written in the very first line as a comment 
        similar to the following:
        * Version 01 SAS DATA DEFINITION FILE ;
                 or:
        * Version 01 SPSS DATA DEFINITION FILE

     3) In the codebook file**, the version number is written as the 
        first line similar to the following:
        VERSION 01 CODEBOOK


NES Dataset "Version Table"
--------------------------

The ANES Web site (www.umich.edu/~nes) includes an ANES Dataset "Version
Table" which can be used to identify the latest version of component files for
released ANES datasets.

_______________

^^NOTE:  A codebook usually comprises 3 files, an 'intro' file, variable file,
and appendix file
**NOTE:  Since SAS and SPSS data definition files (.sas and .sps files)
are identified together as a single component, a new "version" of either
signifies a new "version" of both, even if only one data definition file
required correction. The "Note" field in the ANES VERSION TABLE will indicate
if only one file has actually been corrected.
Similarly, since most codebooks are released as 3 files, a correction to any
one of the codebook files results in a new "version" of all 3 codebook files
at once. Again, the "Note" field in the ANES VERSION TABLE will indicate if
only one codebook file has actually been corrected.  (All 3 codebook files
will include the version number in the first line of the machine-readable
file, as indicated above.)





>> 2000 CODEBOOK INFORMATION


The following example from the 1948 ANES study provides the standard 
format for codebook variable documentation. 

Note that ANES studies which are not part of the Time-Series usually
omit marginals and the descriptive content in lines 2-5 (except for
variable name).


Line

1  ==============================                                              
2  VAR 480026    NAME-NOT AVAILABLE IN ADVANCE RELEASE                         
3                COLUMNS 61   - 61                                             
4                NUMERIC                                                       
5                MD=0 OR GE 8                                                  
6                                                                              
7                  Q. 17.  (IF R DID NOT VOTE)  WERE YOU REGISTERED (ELIGIBLE)
8                  TO VOTE.                                                   
9                  ...........................................................
10                                                                            
11            82         1.  YES
12           149         2.  NO 
13                                                                            
14             0         8.  DK                                                
15             9         9.  NA
16           422         0.  INAP., R VOTED                                    

                                                                  


Line 2 - VARIABLE NAME.  Note that in the codebook the variable name
         (usually a 'number') does not include the "V" prefix which is 
         used in the release SAS and SPSS data definition files
         (.sas and .sps files) for all variables including those
         which do not have 'number' names.  For example the variable
         "VERSION" in the codebook is "VVERSION" in the data definition
         files.

Line 2 - "NAME".  This is the variable label used in the SAS and SPSS
         data definition files (.sas and .sps files).  Some codebooks 
         exclude this.

Line 3 - COLUMNS.  Columns in the ASCII data file (.dat file).

Line 4 - CHARACTER OR NUMERIC.  If numeric and the variable is a decimal
         rather than integer variable, the number of decimal places is 
         also indicated (e.g. "NUMERIC  DEC 4")

Line 5 - Values which are assigned to missing by default in the Study's
         SAS and SPSS data definition files (.sas and .sps files).

Line 7 - Actual question text for survey variables or a description of 
         non-survey variables (for example, congressional district).
         Survey items usually include the question number (for example
         "B1a.") from the Study questionnaire; beginning in 1996 
         non-survey items also have unique item numbers (for example
         "CSheet.1").

Line 9 - A dashed or dotted line usually separates question text from
         any other documentation which follows.

Line 10- When present, annotation provided by Study staff is presented
         below the question text/description and preceding code values.

Lines 11-16
         Code values are listed with descriptive labels.  Valid codes
         (those not having 'missing' status in line 5) are presented
         first, followed by the values described in line 5.  For
         continuous variables, one line may appear providing the range
         of possible values.  A blank line usually separates the 'valid'
         and 'missing' values.

Lines 11-16
         Marginals are usually provided for discrete variables.  The 
         counts may be unweighted or weighted; check the study codebook
         introductory text to determine weight usage. NOTE: marginals
         may be present as a table following the list of codes.



>> 2000 CODEBOOK INFORMATION - EXPERIMENTS

     Due to the complexity of the dataset, ANES staff have created the
table below to assist users in navigating through numerous variables 
representing different formats.


    STANDARD FORMAT                 EXPERIMENTAL FORMAT
    ---------------                 -------------------               
1.  7-point scale                   Branching                         
2a. Response order a,b,c            Response order c,b,a *
2b. Response order a,c,b            Response order c,a,b *
2c. Response order 7 pt scale       Reversed scale                    
3a. "Haven't thought" response      No response "haven't thought much"
3b. No response "Haven't thought"   Response "haven't thought much"
4.  Agree/disagree with policy      Choose policy / opposing policy
5.  Yes/no agree with position      Choose position/ statement of opposition
6.  No use of probe for DK          Use of probe for DK
                                   

                                                                  COMBINED
PRE                  STANDARD            EXPERIMENTAL     EXPER   STANDARD AND
TOPIC                 FORMAT               FORMAT         TYPE    EXPERIMENTAL

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Liberal-Conservative
 Self                
  - FTF              V000439                 .             .      V000446a 
  - Phone            V000439a                .             .      V000446b
  - FTF & Phone      V000440,441,441a    V000442-445       1      V000446,447
 Clinton             ========================================================
  - FTF              V000448                 .             .         .    
  - Phone            V000448a                .             .         .   
  - FTF & Phone      V000449             V000450-453       1      V000454
 Gore                ========================================================
  - FTF              V000455,457             .             .         .     
  - Phone            V000455a,458            .             .         .       
  - FTF & Phone      V000456,458a        V000459-462,464   1      V000463,464a
 GW Bush             ========================================================
  - FTF              V000465,467             .             .         .    
  - Phone            V000465a,468            .             .         .      
  - FTF & Phone      V000466,466a        V000469-472,474   1      V000473,474a
 Buchanan            ======================================================== 
  - FTF              V000475,477             .             .         .    
  - Phone            V000475a,478            .             .         .       
  - FTF & Phone      V000476,476a        V000479-482,484   1      V000483,484a
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Econ retrospective   V000488a            V000488b          2a     V000491
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Employment retrosp   V000492a            V000492b          2b     V000495
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Econ prospective     V000496a            V000496b          2b     V000499
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Limit imports        V000511a            V000511b          3a     V000512
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Isolationism         V000513a            V000513b          4      V000514
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Govt med insurance 
  - FTF              V000608a            V000608b          2c     V000609
  - Phone            V000610a            V000610b          2c     V000611-613
  - FTF & Phone         .                    .             2c     V000614
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Affirmative action   V000671a            V000671b          5      V000674
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Environment vs jobs 
  - FTF              V000707a            V000707b          3a     V000708
  - Phone            V000709a            V000709b          3a     V000711-712
  - FTF & Phone         .                    .             3a     V000713
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
School vouchers      V000741a            V000741b          3b     V000742,744
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Women's role             
  - FTF              V000754a            V000754b          3a     V000755
  - Phone            V000756a            V000756b          3a     V000757-759
  - FTF & Phone         .                    .             3a     V000760
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                                                  COMBINED
POST                 STANDARD            EXPERIMENTAL     EXPER   STANDARD AND
TOPIC                 FORMAT               FORMAT         TYPE    EXPERIMENTAL

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Knowledge (office)
 Trent Lott          V001446a            V001446b,1448     6      V001447
 William Rehnquist   V001449a            V001449b,1451     6      V001450
 Tony Blair          V001452a            V001452b,1454     6      V001453
 Janet Reno          V001455a            V001455b,1457     6      V001456
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------


>> 2000 CODEBOOK INFORMATION - POLICY PLACEMENTS, EXPERIMENTS, AND BUILT 
VARIABLES

     Policy placements, traditionally done on 7 point scales, of self and 
others is particularly complicated with mode, various experiments, and built 
variables.  To assist users, ANES staff have created the table below so that
users can quickly identify the variable of interest.

                             TABLE 1 - PRE
                      7-POINT SCALE/ BRANCHING SERIES

                            SELF-PLACEMENTS 
                 ============================================
                   ALL SERIES exc.Lib-Con (SEE Table 3)
                ============================================

                SERIES: L1 = SPENDING/SERVICES
                        L2 = DEFENSE SPENDING
                        L3 = GOVT/PRIVATE MEDICAL INSURANCE
                        L4 = JOBS/STD LIVING
                        L5 = AID TO BLACKS
                        M4 = ENVIRONMENT VS. JOBS
                        P1 = WOMEN'S ROLE
                        P2 = ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION

                        EXPERIMENTS:  L3, M4, P1 self-placements
                        
                        Note: Prefix "V000" omitted in variable numbers listed

                       
FTF   = 7PT SCALE                       
PHONE = BRANCHING 
.................       L1     L2     L3     L4     L5     M4     P1     P2
                        ___    ___    ___    ___    ___    ___    ___    ___

1a. FTF:standard        545    581    608a   615    641    707a   754a   771
1b. FTF:experimental     -      -     608b    -      -     707b   754b    - 
1c. FTF:combined         -      -     609     -      -     708    755     - 

2a. PHONE: version 1    546    582/3  610a   616    642    709a   756a   772
2b. PHONE: version 2     -      -     610b    -      -     709b   756b    - 
2c. PHONE: combined      -      -     611     -      -     710    757     - 
3.  PHONE: 'strength'   547/8  584/5  612    617/8  643    711    757     - 
4.  PHONE: 5pt summary  549    586    613    619    644    712    758    773/4

5.  ALL: 5pt summary    550    587    614    620    645    713    760    776



                            TABLE 2 - PRE
                     7POINT SCALE/ BRANCHING SERIES

                     CANDIDATE AND PARTY PLACEMENTS 
                 =======================================
                   ALL SERIES exc.Lib-Con (Table 3)
                ========================================

        Note: Prefix "V000" omitted in variable numbers listed 


FTF   = 7PT SCALE
PHONE = BRANCHING       
.................       CLINTON    GORE       BUSH       DEM PTY    REP PTY
                        _______    ____       ____       _______    _______

   L1 Spending/services
1. FTF                  551        557        563        569        575
2. PHONE                552        558        564        570        576
3. PHONE: STRENGTH      553/54     559/60     565/66     571/72     577/78
4. PHONE: 5PT SUMMARY   555        561        567        573        579
5. ALL: 5PT SUMMARY     556        562        568        574        580

   L2 Defense spending
1. FTF                   -         588        593        598        603
2. PHONE                 -         589        594        599        604
3. PHONE: STRENGTH       -         590        595        600        605
4. PHONE: 5PT SUMMARY    -         591        596        601        606
5. ALL: 5PT SUMMARY      -         592        597        602        607

--no cand/party placements in L3--
   <health insurance>

   L4 Jobs/std living
1. FTF                   -         588        593        598        603
2. PHONE                 -         589        594        599        604
3. PHONE: STRENGTH       -         590        595        600        605
4. PHONE: 5PT SUMMARY    -         591        596        601        606
5. ALL: 5PT SUMMARY      -         592        597        602        607

   L5 Aid to blacks
1. FTF                  646        651        656        661        666
2. PHONE                647        652        657        662        667
3. PHONE: STRENGTH      648        653        658        663        668  
4. PHONE: 5PT SUMMARY   649        654        659        664        669 
5. ALL: 5PT SUMMARY     650        655        660        665        679

   M4 Envir vs. jobs
1. FTF                   -         714        719         -          - 
2. PHONE                 -         715        720         -          - 
3. PHONE: STRENGTH       -         716        721         -          - 
4. PHONE: 5PT SUMMARY    -         717        722         -          - 
5. ALL: 5PT SUMMARY      -         718        723         -          - 

   P1 Women's role
1. FTF                   -         761        766         -          - 
2. PHONE                 -         762        767         -          - 
3. PHONE: STRENGTH       -         763        768         -          - 
4. PHONE: 5PT SUMMARY    -         764        769         -          - 
5. ALL: 5PT SUMMARY      -         765        770         -          - 

   P2 Envir regulation
1. FTF                   -         778        785         -          - 
2. PHONE                 -         779        786         -          - 
3. PHONE: STRENGTH       -         780/81     787/88      -          - 
4. PHONE: 5PT SUMMARY    -         782        789         -          - 
5. ALL: 5PT SUMMARY      -         783        790         -          - 
6. ALL: CERTAINTY:       -         784        791         -          - 



                             TABLE 3 - PRE
                        LIBERAL-CONSERVATIVE (G SERIES)

                           =====================
                               ALL PLACEMENTS
                           =====================

          
                  Note: Prefix "V000" omitted in variable numbers listed


STANDARD     = 7PT SCALE RATING (FTF and/or PHONE)
EXPERIMENTAL = BRANCHING SERIES (FTF and/or PHONE)
BOTH         = STANDARD AND EXPERIMENTAL
..................................................

                                         SELF   CLINTON  GORE    BUSH   BUCH.
                                         ----   -------  ----    ----   -----
1a. STANDARD     FTF                     439     448     455     465     475
1b. STANDARD     PHONE                   439a    448a    455a    465a    475a
2.  STANDARD     COMBINED FTF & PHONE    440     449     456     466     476
3.  STANDARD     FTF & PHONE: 'CHOICE'   441      -       -       -       -
4.  STANDARD     3PT SUMMARY FTF & PH    441a     -       -       -       -

5a. STANDARD     CERTAINTY - FTF          -       -      457     467     477
5b. STANDARD     CERTAINTY - PHONE        -       -      458     468     478
6.  STANDARD     COMBINED FTF & PHONE     -       -      458a    468a    478a
               
7.  EXPERIMENT   FTF & PHONE             442     450     459     469     479
8.  EXPERIMENT   FTF & PHONE: FOLLOWUPS  443-5   451/2   460/1   470/1   480/1
9.  EXPERIMENT   5PT SUMMARY FTF & PH     -      453     462     472     482
                    
10. BOTH         5PT SUMMARY              -      454     463     473     483
11. BOTH         7PT SUMMARY: FTF & PH   446      -       -       -       -
11a.BOTH         7PT SUMMARY: FTF ONLY   446a     -       -       -       -
11b.BOTH         7PT SUMMARY: PHONE ONLY 446b     -       -       -       -
12. BOTH         3PT SUMMARY: FTF & PH   447      -       -       -       -
         
13. EXPERIMENT   FTF & PH - CERTAINTY     -       -      464     474     484

14. BOTH         CERTAINTY SUMMARY        -       -      464a    474a    484a

                           TABLE 4 - Post
                     7POINT SCALE/ BRANCHING SERIES

                        ==============================
                        LIBERAL - CONSERVATIVE G1-G10
                        ==============================

ALL 7-POINT SCALES (FTF and PHONE)
                                               
                     PLACEMENT    'CHOICE'    3 CATEGORY SUMM   CERTAINTY
                     _________    _________   _______________   _________

1. SELF               V001368      V001369        V001370           -
2. CLINTON            V001371         -             -               -
3. GORE               V001372         -             -             V001373
4. GW BUSH            V001374         -             -             V001375
5. BUCHANAN           V001376         -             -             V001377
6. DEM HSE CAND*      V001378a,b      -             -             V001379a,b
7. REP HSE CAND*      V001380a,b      -             -             V001381a,b
8. DEM PARTY          V001382         -             -               -
9. REP PARTY          V001383         -             -               -
10.REFORM PARTY       V001384         -             -               -

*  "b" variable for VT01 incumbent ind. Hse candidate
** "b" variable for VA05 incumbent ind. Hse candidate



                      ================================
                      SERVICES/SPENDING G11, CRIME K12
                      ================================

FTF   = 7PT SCALE
PHONE = BRANCHING       
.................
                            SELF        DEM HSE*            REP HSE*
                            ____        _______             _______ 
   G11 Services/spending  
1. FTF                      V001385     V001391a,b          V001397a,b
2. PHONE                    V001386     V001392a,b          V001398a,b
3. PHONE FOLLOWUPS          V001387-89  V001393a,b-1395a,b  V001399a,b-1401a,b
4. FTF & PHONE 7PT SUMM     V001390     V001396a,b          V001402a,b

   K12 Crime
1. FTF                      V001482    
2. PHONE                    V001482a   
3. PHONE FOLLOWUPS          V001483-85   
4. FTF & PHONE 7PT SUMM     V001486

*  "b" variable for VT01 incumbent ind. Hse candidate
** "b" variable for VA05 incumbent ind. Hse candidate



>> 2000 PROCESSING INFORMATION

The data collection was processed according to standard processing procedures. 
The data were checked for illegal or inconsistent code values which, when
found, were corrected or recoded to missing data values. Consistency checks
were performed.  Annotation was added by the processors for explanatory
purposes. 




>> 2000 VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST


F = FACE-TO-FACE      S = STANDARD FORMAT         R = SCALE RATING OR FOLLOWUP
T = TELEPHONE         E = EXPERIMENTAL FORMAT     B = BRANCHING SERIES


Note:  
The list of 'subsample' variables does not include those corresponding
to questions administered to a random selection of cases as part of a split
sample; in the latter, no systematic difference by mode or format exists 
among respondents.


FULL       SUB-SAMPLE
SAMPLE       VAR AND
VAR           TYPE      DESCRIPTION
========   ==========   ======================================================

                        IDENTIFICATION AND WEIGHTS
                        ------------------------------------------------------

VVERSION                Process.1. ANES VERSION NUMBER OF DATA
VDSETNO                 Process.2. ANES DATASET NUMBER
VICPSRNO                Process.2a. ICPSR ARCHIVE NUMBER 3131
V000001                 Process.4. Case ID
V000001a                Process.4a. Post ID
V000002                 Process.5. Sample weight
V000002a                Process.5a. Post weight
V000003                 Process.6. Pre only or Pre-and-Post interview

                        PRE ADMINISTRATIVE AND FIELD VARIABLES
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000004                 Pre.Admin.1. Mode of Pre IW
V000005a                Pre.Admin.2a. Form - E section
V000005b                Pre.Admin.2b. Form - F6-F9 half sample
V000005c                Pre.Admin.2c. Form - Q1-Q11 or Q14-15
V000005d                Pre.Admin.2d. Form - G section lib-con
V000005e                Pre.Admin.2e. Form - H1 or H1.E
V000005f                Pre.Admin.2f. Form - H2 or H2.E
V000005g                Pre.Admin.2g. Form - H4 or H4.E
V000005h                Pre.Admin.2h. Form - H11 or H11.E
V000005j                Pre.Admin.2j. Form - H12 or H12.E
V000005k                Pre.Admin.2k. Form - L3 medical insur.
V000005m                Pre.Admin.2m. Form - L6 or L6.E
V000005n                Pre.Admin.2n. Form - M4 env vs. jobs
V000005p                Pre.Admin.2p. Form - N1 or N1.E
V000005q                Pre.Admin.2q. Form - P1 women's role
V000006                 Pre.Admin.3. Month of IW
V000007                 Pre.Admin.4. Day of IW
V000008                 Pre.Admin.5. Month and day (MMDD)
V000009                 Pre.Admin.6. No. days after election
V000010                 Pre.Admin.7. IW length
V000011                 Pre.Admin.8. IW number
V000012                 Pre.Admin.9. Date of beginning VQ file
V000013                 Pre.Admin.10. Date of ending VQ file
V000014                 Pre.Admin.11. Flag- change in VQ
V000015                 Pre.Admin.12. Advance letter sent?
V000016                 Pre.Admin.13. Payment amount
V000017                 Pre.Admin.14. Payment mode
V000018                 Pre.Admin.15. Payment date
V000019                 Pre.Admin.16. Tape recorded?
V000020                 Pre.Admin.17. Verification
V000021                 Pre.Admin.18. Evaluation
V000022                 Pre.Admin.19. Conversion indicator
V000023                 Pre.Admin.20. Persuasion letter
V000024                 Pre.Admin.21. Date per letter requested
V000025                 Pre.Admin.22. Date persuasion sent
V000026                 Pre.Admin.23. Type of persuasion letter
V000027                 Pre.Admin.24. Telephone calls
V000028                 Pre.Admin.25. FTF calls
V000029                 Pre.Admin.26. Final result
V000030                 Pre.Admin.27. Sample release (all 1)
V000031                 Pre.Admin.28. Lang of IW (all English)

                        PRE COVERSHEET VARIABLES
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000032                 Pre.CSheet.1. Flag- missing CS
V000033                 Pre.CSheet.2. Color of coversheet
         V000034  T     Pre.CSheet.3. PH- type phone #
         V000035  T     Pre.CSheet.4. PH- business with residence
         V000036  T     Pre.CSheet.5. PH- bus res has personal#
         V000037  F     Pre.CSheet.6. FTF- HH listing from
V000038                 Pre.CSheet.7. Selection table
V000039                 Pre.CSheet.8. Number of elig adults
V000040                 Pre.CSheet.9. Number inelig adults
V000041                 Pre.CSheet.10. Household composition
V000042                 Pre.CSheet.11. R person number
         V000043  F     Pre.CSheet.12. FTF- type structure
         V000044  F     Pre.CSheet.13. FTF- gatekeeper
         V000045  F     Pre.CSheet.14. FTF- type gatekeeper
V000046                 Pre.CSheet.15. Resistance from contact?
V000047                 Pre.CSheet.16. Contact resist-waste time
V000048                 Pre.CSheet.17. Contact resist-too personal
V000049                 Pre.CSheet.18. Contact resist-confidentiality
V000050                 Pre.CSheet.19. Contact resist-not interested politics
V000051                 Pre.CSheet.20. Contact resist-too busy
V000052                 Pre.CSheet.21. Contact resist-health
V000053                 Pre.CSheet.22. Contact resist-other
V000054                 Pre.CSheet.23. R refuse initially?
V000055                 Pre.CSheet.24. R break appointments
V000056                 Pre.CSheet.25. Was R contact resister?
V000057                 Pre.CSheet.26. SUMMARY: did R resist
V000058                 Pre.CSheet.27. R resist-waste time
V000059                 Pre.CSheet.28. R resist-too personal
V000060                 Pre.CSheet.29. R resist-confidentiality
V000061                 Pre.CSheet.30. R resist-not interested in politics
V000062                 Pre.CSheet.31. R resist-too busy
V000063                 Pre.CSheet.32. R resist-health
V000064                 Pre.CSheet.33. R resist-other
         V000065  T     Pre.CSheet.34. IWR est income (CSMS)
         V000066  T     Pre.CSheet.35. IWR est race (CSMS)
         V000067  T     Pre.CSheet.36. Certainty of race (CSMS)
         V000068  T     Pre.CSheet.37. Hispanic HH? (CSMS)
         V000069  T     Pre.CSheet.38. Certainty if Hisp (CSMS)

                        PRE INTERVIEWER VARIABLES
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000070                 Pre.IWR.1. Interviewer of record
V000071                 Pre.IWR.2. Supervisor
V000072                 Pre.IWR.3. Interviewer gender
V000073                 Pre.IWR.4. Interviewer education
V000074                 Pre.IWR.5. Interviewer race
V000075                 Pre.IWR.6. Interviewer ethnicity
V000076                 Pre.IWR.7. Interviewer languages
V000077                 Pre.IWR.8. Yrs Interviewer experience
V000078                 Pre.IWR.9. Interviewer age (bracketed)

                        PRE - SAMPLING INFORMATION
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000079                 Pre.Sample.1. ICPSR state code
V000080                 Pre.Sample.2. FIPS state code
V000081                 Pre.Sample.3. 2000 state abbr and CD
V000082                 Pre.Sample.4. 2000 FIPS state and CD
V000083                 Pre.Sample.5. Congressional district no.
V000084                 Pre.Sample.6. ICPSR state and CD
V000085                 Pre.Sample.7. Did R vote outside IW CD?
V000086                 Pre.Sample.8. State/CD -vote outside CD
         V000087  F     Pre.Sample.9. FIPS state and county
V000087a                Pre.Sample.9a. County (alpha)
         V000088  F     Pre.Sample.10. Primary area name
         V000089  F     Pre.Sample.11. Primary area code
         V000090  F     Pre.Sample.12. Segment number (blanked)
         V000090a F     Pre.Sample.13. Segment name (blanked)
         V000091  F     Pre.Sample.14. Number of HH units
         V000092  F     Pre.Sample.15. Census region
         V000093  F     Pre.Sample.16. Belt code
         V000094  F     Pre.Sample.17. Population in 1000s
         V000095  F     Pre.Sample.18. Census size of place
         V000096  F     Pre.Sample.19. Census tract/ed indicator
         V000097  F     Pre.Sample.20. 2000 Sampling Error code
         V000098  F     Pre.Sample.21. 2000 Census NECMA/SMSA
         V000099  F     Pre.Sample.22. 2000 CMSA
         V000100  F     Pre.Sample.23. 2000 Census Tract 1
         V000101  F     Pre.Sample.24. 2000 Census Tract 2
         V000102  F     Pre.Sample.25. 2000 Block 1
         V000103  F     Pre.Sample.26. 2000 Block 2
         V000104  F     Pre.Sample.27. 2000 MCD
         V000105  F     Pre.Sample.28. 2000 CDP
         V000106  F     Pre.Sample.29. 2000 FIPS place code

                        PRE SUMMARY DESCRIPTIONS/CALCULATIONS
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000107                 Pre.Summary.1. Pre timing - section A
V000108                 Pre.Summary.2. Pre timing - section B
V000109                 Pre.Summary.3. Pre timing - section C
V000110                 Pre.Summary.4. Pre timing - section D
V000111                 Pre.Summary.5. Pre timing - section E
V000112                 Pre.Summary.6. Pre timing - section F
V000113                 Pre.Summary.7. Pre timing - section G
V000114                 Pre.Summary.8. Pre timing - section H
V000115                 Pre.Summary.9. Pre timing - section K
V000116                 Pre.Summary.10. Pre timing - section L
V000117                 Pre.Summary.11. Pre timing - section M
V000118                 Pre.Summary.12. Pre timing - section N
V000119                 Pre.Summary.13. Pre timing - section P
V000120                 Pre.Summary.14. Pre timing - section Q
V000121                 Pre.Summary.15. Pre timing - section R
V000122                 Pre.Summary.16. Pre timing - section S
V000123                 Pre.Summary.17. Pre timing - section X
V000124                 Pre.Summary.18. Pre timing - section Y
V000125                 Pre.Summary.19. Pre timing - section Z

                        POST ADMINISTRATIVE AND FIELD VARIABLES
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000126                 Post.Admin.1. Mode of Interview
V000127a                Post.Admin.2a. Form desc 1 - H in Post
V000127b                Post.Admin.2b. Form desc 2 - K format
V000128                 Post.Admin.3. Mo. IW
V000129                 Post.Admin.4. Day IW
V000130                 Post.Admin.5. Month and day (MMDD)
V000131                 Post.Admin.6. No. days after election
V000132                 Post.Admin.7. IW bef/aft Gore concession
V000133                 Post.Admin.8. IW length
V000134                 Post.Admin.9. IW no.
V000135                 Post.Admin.10. Date of beg VQ file
V000136                 Post.Admin.11. Date of end VQ file
V000137                 Post.Admin.12. Flag- change in VQ
V000138                 Post.Admin.13. Release
V000139                 Post.Admin.14. Payment amt
V000140                 Post.Admin.15. Payment mode
V000141                 Post.Admin.16. Payment date
V000142                 Post.Admin.17. Tape recorded
V000143                 Post.Admin.18. Verification
V000144                 Post.Admin.19. Evaluation
V000145                 Post.Admin.20. Conversion ind.
V000146                 Post.Admin.21. Persuasion letter
V000147                 Post.Admin.22. Date requested
V000148                 Post.Admin.23. Date sent
V000149                 Post.Admin.24. Type letter
V000150                 Post.Admin.25. Tel calls
V000151                 Post.Admin.26. FTF calls
V000152                 Post.Admin.27. Final result
V000153                 Post.Admin.28. Result date (NI)
V000154                 Post.Admin. 29. Flag - mode switch
V000155                 Post.Admin.30. Lang of IW (all English)

                        POST COVERSHEET VARIABLES
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000156                 Post.CSheet.1. Flag- missing CS
V000157                 Post.CSheet.2. Color of coversheet
V000158                 Post.CSheet.3. Item 1. R at samp addr
         V000159  T     Post.CSheet.4. Item 2b. PHONE: New phone
         V000160  F     Post.CSheet.5. Item 2b. FTF: Addr status
         V000161  F     Post.CSheet.6. FTF type structure
         V000162  F     Post.CSheet.7. FTF gatekeeper
         V000163  F     Post.CSheet.8. FTF type gatekeeper
V000164                 Post.CSheet.9. Resist from contact
V000165                 Post.CSheet.10. Contct resist-waste time
V000166                 Post.CSheet.11. Contct resist-too personal
V000167                 Post.CSheet.12. Contct resist-confidentiality
V000168                 Post.CSheet.13. Contct resist-not interested politics
V000169                 Post.CSheet.14. Contct resist-too busy
V000170                 Post.CSheet.15. Contct resist-health
V000171                 Post.CSheet.16. Contct resist-other
V000172                 Post.CSheet.17. R refuse initially
V000173                 Post.CSheet.18. R break appts
V000174                 Post.CSheet.19. Was R contact resister?
V000175                 Post.CSheet.20. SUMMARY: did R resist
V000176                 Post.CSheet.21. R resist- waste time
V000177                 Post.CSheet.22. R resist- too personal
V000178                 Post.CSheet.23. R resist- confidentiality
V000179                 Post.CSheet.24. R resist- not interested in politics
V000180                 Post.CSheet.25. R resist- too busy
V000181                 Post.CSheet.26. R resist- health
V000182                 Post.CSheet.27. R resist- other
V000183                 Post.CSheet.28. Ever make contact (NI)
V000184                 Post.CSheet.29. Reason no contact (NI)
         V000184a F     Post-CSheet.30. CSMS estimated income
         V000184b F     Post-CSheet.31. CSMS estimated HH race
         V000184c F     Post-CSheet.32. CSMS est HH race certain
         V000184d F     Post-CSheet.33. CSMS estimated Hispanic
         V000184e F     Post-CSheet.34. CSMS est Hispanic certain

                        POST INTERVIEWER VARIABLES
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000185                 Post.IWR.1. Interviewer of record
V000186                 Post.IWR.2. Supervisor
V000187                 Post.IWR.3. Interviewer gender
V000188                 Post.IWR.4. Interviewer education
V000189                 Post.IWR.5. Interviewer race
V000190                 Post.IWR.6. Interviewer ethnicity
V000191                 Post.IWR.7. Interviewer languages
V000192                 Post.IWR.8. Yrs Interviewer experience
V000193                 Post.IWR.9. Interviewer age (bracketed)

                        POST - CANDIDATE AND TYPE RACE INFORMATION
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000194                 Post.Cand.1. House race type
V000194a                Post.Cand.1a. Retiring House Repr name
V000194b                Post.Cand.1b. Retiring House Repr code
V000194c                Post.Cand.1c. Retiring House Repr gender
V000194d                Post.Cand.1d. Winner of 2000 House election
V000194e                Post.Cand.1e. Winner of 2000 Senate election
V000194f                Post.Cand.1f. Competitiveness of CD in 1998
V000194g                Post.Cand.1g. Open seat in 2000 election
V000195                 Post.Cand.2. House Democratic cand name
V000196                 Post.Cand.3. House Democratic cand code
V000197                 Post.Cand.4. House Democratic cand gendr
V000198                 Post.Cand.5. House Republican cand name
V000199                 Post.Cand.6. House Republican cand code
V000200                 Post.Cand.7. House Republican cand gendr
V000201                 Post.Cand.8. House Ind cand name
V000202                 Post.Cand.9. House Ind cand code
V000202a                Post.Cand.9a. House Ind cand party
V000203                 Post.Cand.10. House Ind cand gender
V000204                 Post.Cand.11. Senate race type
V000205                 Post.Cand.12. Senate Democr cand name
V000206                 Post.Cand.13. Senate Democr cand code
V000207                 Post.Cand.14. Senate Democr cand gender
V000208                 Post.Cand.15. Senate Repub cand name
V000209                 Post.Cand.16. Senate Repub cand code
V000210                 Post.Cand.17. Senate Repub cand gender
V000211                 Post.Cand.18. Senate Ind 1 cand name
V000212                 Post.Cand.19. Senate Ind 1 cand code
V000212a                Post.Cand.19a. Senate Ind 1 cand party
V000213                 Post.Cand.20. Senate Ind 1 cand gender
V000214                 Post.Cand.21. Senate Ind 2 cand name
V000215                 Post.Cand.22. Senate Ind 2 cand code
V000215a                Post.Cand.22a. Senate Ind 2 cand party
V000216                 Post.Cand.23. Senate Ind 2 cand gender
V000217                 Post.Cand.24. Outside Hse Dem cand name
V000218                 Post.Cand.25. Outside Hse Dem cand code
V000219                 Post.Cand.26. Outside Hse Dem cand gendr
V000220                 Post.Cand.27. Outside Hse Rep cand name
V000221                 Post.Cand.28. Outside Hse Rep cand code
V000222                 Post.Cand.29. Outside Hse Rep cand gendr
V000223                 Post.Cand.30. Outside Hse Ind cand name
V000224                 Post.Cand.31. Outside Hse Ind cand code
V000225                 Post.Cand.32. Outside Hse Ind cand gendr
V000226                 Post.Cand.33. Outside Hse race type
V000226a                Post.Cand.33a. Outside Sen race type
V000227                 Post.Cand.34. Outside Sen Dem cand name
V000228                 Post.Cand.35. Outside Sen Dem cand code
V000229                 Post.Cand.36. Outside Sen Dem cand gendr
V000230                 Post.Cand.37. Outside Sen Rep cand name
V000231                 Post.Cand.38. Outside Sen Rep cand code
V000232                 Post.Cand.39. Outside Sen Rep cand gendr
V000233                 Post.Cand.40. Outside Sen Ind1 cand name
V000234                 Post.Cand.41. Outside Sen Ind1 cand code
V000235                 Post.Cand.42. Outside Sen Ind1 cand gend
V000236                 Post.Cand.43. Outside Sen Ind2 cand name
V000237                 Post.Cand.44. Outside Sen Ind2 cand code
V000238                 Post.Cand.45. Outside Sen Ind2 cand gend

                        POST SUMMARY DESCRIPTIONS/CALCULATIONS
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000239                 Post.Summary.1. Post timing - section A
V000240                 Post.Summary.2. Post timing - section B
V000241                 Post.Summary.3. Post timing - section C
V000242                 Post.Summary.4. Post timing - section D
V000243                 Post.Summary.5. Post timing - section E
V000244                 Post.Summary.6. Post timing - section F
V000245                 Post.Summary.7. Post timing - section G
V000246                 Post.Summary.8. Post timing - section H
V000247                 Post.Summary.9. Post timing - section J
V000248                 Post.Summary.10. Post timing - section K
V000249                 Post.Summary.11. Post timing - section L
V000250                 Post.Summary.12. Post timing - section M
V000251                 Post.Summary.13. Post timing - section N
V000252                 Post.Summary.14. Post timing - section P
V000253                 Post.Summary.15. Post timing - section Q
V000254                 Post.Summary.16. Post timing - section R
V000255                 Post.Summary.17. Post timing - section S
V000256                 Post.Summary.18. Post timing - section T
V000257                 Post.Summary.19. Post timing - section V
V000258                 Post.Summary.20. Post timing - section Y
V000259                 Post.Summary.21. Post timing - section Z
V000260                 Post.Summary.22. Wrong CD admin(preload)
V000261                 Post.Summary.23. Type error in preload
V000262                 Post.Summary.24. Flag-Post rand failure

                        A1-A2 - CURRENT CAMPAIGN/ELECTION
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000301                 A1. Attention R paid to campaigns
V000302                 A2. Does R care about Pres election

                        A3 - LAST PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000303                 A3. Did R vote in 1996 election
V000304                 A3a. Who did R vote for in 1996

                        A4-A5 - PRES. CAND LIKES-DISLIKES
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000305                 A4a. Does R like anything about Gore
V000306                 A4b(1). #1 detail about Gore R likes
V000307                 A4b(2). #2 detail about Gore R likes
V000308                 A4b(3). #3 detail about Gore R likes
V000309                 A4b(4). #4 detail about Gore R likes
V000310                 A4b(5). #5 detail about Gore R likes
V000311                 A4c. Does R dislike anything about Gore
V000312                 A4d(1). #1 detail about Gore R dislikes
V000313                 A4d(2). #2 detail about Gore R dislikes
V000314                 A4d(3). #3 detail about Gore R dislikes
V000315                 A4d(4). #4 detail about Gore R dislikes
V000316                 A4d(5). #5 detail about Gore R dislikes
V000317                 A5a. Does R like anything about Bush
V000318                 A5b(1). #1 detail about Bush R likes
V000319                 A5b(2). #2 detail about Bush R likes
V000320                 A5b(3). #3 detail about Bush R likes
V000321                 A5b(4). #4 detail about Bush R likes
V000322                 A5b(5). #5 detail about Bush R likes
V000323                 A5c. Does R dislike anything about Bush
V000324                 A5d(1). #1 detail about Bush R dislikes
V000325                 A5d(2). #2 detail about Bush R dislikes
V000326                 A5d(3). #3 detail about Bush R dislikes
V000327                 A5d(4). #4 detail about Bush R dislikes
V000328                 A5d(5). #5 detail about Bush R dislikes

                        A6-A11 - MEDIA
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000329                 A6. Number of days R watched nat'l news
V000330                 A6a/A6a.T. Attention to national news
V000331                 A7. Days R watched early local news
V000332                 A8. Days R watched late local news
V000333                 A8a/A8a.T. Attention to local news
V000334                 A9. Does R have cable or satellite tv
V000335                 A10. Days R read a daily newspaper
V000336                 A10a. Did R read about campaign in paper
V000337                 A10b/A10b.T. Attention to newspaper articles
V000338                 A11. Did R see ads for candidates on tv

                        A12 - PRESIDENTIAL APPROVAL
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000339                 A12. Approve/disappr Clinton job
V000340                 A12a. Strength of approval/disapproval of Clinton
V000341                 A12x. Summary app/disapp Clinton job

                        B1-B2 - CANDIDATE RECALL
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000342                 B1. Did R care about House election
V000343                 B2. Does R remember names of House cands
V000344                 B2a. #1 recalled name, House cand
V000345                 B2a1. #1 recall party, House cand
V000346                 B2ax1. #1 House cand recall-actual party
V000347                 B2ax2. #1 House cand recall- accuracy
V000348                 B2b. #2 recalled name, House cand
V000349                 B2b1. #2 recall party, House cand
V000350                 B2bx1. #2 House cand recall-actual party
V000351                 B2bx2. #2 House cand recall- accuracy
V000352                 B2c. #3 recalled name, House cand
V000353                 B2c1. #3 recall party, House cand
V000354                 B2cx1. #3 House cand recall-actual party
V000355                 B2cx2. #3 House cand recall-accuracy

                        B3 - CONGRESSIONAL APPROVAL
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000356                 B3. Congress job approve/dissapr
V000357                 B3a. Strength of approval/disapproval of Cong
V000358                 B3x. Summary R approval of US Congress

                        C1-C2 - THERMOMETERS
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000359                 C1a/C1a.T. Thermometer Bill Clinton
V000360                 C1b/C1b.T. Thermometer Gore
V000361                 C1c/C1c.T. Thermometer George W Bush
V000362                 C1d/C1d.T. Thermometer Buchanan
V000363                 C1e/C1e.T. Thermometer Nader
V000364                 C1f/C1f.T. Thermometer Mccain
V000365                 C1g/C1g.T. Thermometer Bradley
V000366                 C1h/C1h.T. Thermometer Lieberman
V000367                 C1j/C1j.T. Thermometer Cheney
V000368                 C1k/C1k.T. Thermometer Hillary Clinton
V000369                 C2a. Thermometer Dem Party
V000370                 C2b. Thermometer Rep Party
V000371                 C2c. Thermometer Reform Party
V000372                 C2d. Thermometer parties in general

                        D1-D4 - PARTY LIKES-DISLIKES
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000373                 D1. Like anything- Dem Party
V000374                 D1a(1). #1 like Dem Party
V000375                 D1a(2). #2 like Dem Party
V000376                 D1a(3). #3 like Dem Party
V000377                 D1a(4). #4 like Dem Party
V000378                 D1a(5). #5 like Dem Party
V000379                 D2. Dislike anything- Dem Party
V000380                 D2a(1). #1 dislike Dem Party
V000381                 D2a(2). #2 dislike Dem Party
V000382                 D2a(3). #3 dislike Dem Party
V000383                 D2a(4). #4 dislike Dem Party
V000384                 D2a(5). #5 dislike Dem Party
V000385                 D3. Like anything- Rep Party
V000386                 D3a(1). #1 like Rep Party
V000387                 D3a(2). #2 like Rep Party
V000388                 D3a(3). #3 like Rep Party
V000389                 D3a(4). #4 like Rep Party
V000390                 D3a(5). #5 like Rep Party
V000391                 D4. Dislike anything- Rep Party
V000392                 D4a(1). #1 dislike Rep Party
V000393                 D4a(2). #2 dislike Rep Party
V000394                 D4a(3). #3 dislike Rep Party
V000395                 D4a(4). #4 dislike Rep Party
V000396                 D4a(5). #5 dislike Rep Party

                        D5 - PARTY CONTROL
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000397                 D5. Preference for divided government

                        E1-E3 - R FINANCIAL SITUATION
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000398                 E1/E1.T. Better/worse off in last year
V000399                 E1a. How much better off- last year
V000400                 E1b. How much worse off- last year
V000401                 E1x. Summary R econ situation last year
V000402                 E2/E2.T. Did R delay med/dent treatment
V000403                 E3/E3.T. Expect better/worse in next year
V000404                 E3a. How much better off- next year
V000405                 E3b. How much worse off- next year
V000406                 E3x. Summary R econ situation next year

                        F1-F3 - PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE AFFECTS
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000407                 F1a. Angry- Gore affect
V000408                 F1aa. Angry- how often Gore affect
V000409                 F1b. Hopeful- Gore affect
V000410                 F1bb. Hopeful- how often Gore affect
V000411                 F1c. Afraid- Gore affect
V000412                 F1cc. Afraid- how often Gore affect
V000413                 F1d. Proud- Gore affect
V000414                 F1dd. Proud- how often Gore affect
V000415                 F2a. Angry- Bush affect
V000416                 F2aa. Angry- how often Bush affect
V000417                 F2b. Hopeful- Bush affect
V000418                 F2bb. Hopeful- how often Bush affect
V000419                 F2c. Afraid- Bush affect
V000420                 F2cc. Afraid- how often Bush affect
V000421                 F2d. Proud- Bush affect
V000422                 F2dd. Proud- how often Bush affect
V000423                 F3a. Angry- Buchanan affect
V000424                 F3aa. Angry- how often Buchanan affect
V000425                 F3b. Hopeful- Buchanan affect
V000426                 F3bb. Hopeful- how often Buchanan affect
V000427                 F3c. Afraid- Buchanan affect
V000428                 F3cc. Afraid- how often Buchanan affect
V000429                 F3d. Proud- Buchanan affect
V000430                 F3dd. Proud- how often Buchanan affect

                        F6-F9 - MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEM(S)
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000431                 F6(1). #1 most important problem
V000432                 F6(2). #2 most important problem
V000433                 F6(3). #3 most important problem
V000434                 F6(4). #4 most important problem
V000435                 F6x. Checkpoint for # of mentions
V000436                 F7. Choice - most important problem
V000437                 F8. Gov't performance on most imp problem
V000438                 F9. Party performance on most imp problem

                        G1-G10 - LIBERAL-CONSERVATIVE
                        ------------------------------------------------------

         V000439  FSR   G1a. Self placement lib-con scale
         V000439a TSR   G1a.T. Self placement lib-con scale phone
         V000440  SR    G1ax. Summary: combined FTF/ph
         V000441  SR    G1b. Had to choose lib-con self-placemt
         V000441a SR    G1bx. Summary: comb FTF/phone-lib-con
         V000442  EB    G6.E. Self placement lib-con branching
         V000443  EB    G6a.E. Had to choose lib-con branching
         V000444  EB    G6b.E. R strong liberal or not
         V000445  EB    G6c.E. R strong conservative or not
V000446                 G6x1. Summary self plcmnt lib-con scale/brnch
V000447                 G6x2. Comb.7pt & branching summ
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000448  FSR   G2. Clinton placement lib-con scale FTF
         V000448a TSR   G2.T. Clinton plcmnt lib-con scale phone
         V000449  SR    G2x. Combined FTF/ph Clinton lib-con
         V000450  EB    G7.E. Clinton placement lib-con branch
         V000451  EB    G7a.E. Clinton strong liberal or not
         V000452  EB    G7b.E. Clinton strong conservtive or not
         V000453  EB    G7x1.E. 5-pt br summary Clinton lib-con
V000454                 G7x2. Comb.7pt/br summ Clinton lib-con
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000455  FSR   G3. Gore placement lib-con scale FTF
         V000455a TSR   G3.T. Gore placement lib-con scale phone
         V000456  SR    G3x. Combined FTF/ph Gore lib-con scale
         V000457  FSR   G3a. Gore-certain lib-con placement FTF
         V000458  TSR   G3a.T. Gore-certain lib-con plcmnt phone
V000458a                G3ax.T. Comb. Gore-certain lib-con plcmnt
         V000459  EB    G8.E. Gore placement lib-con branch
         V000460  EB    G8a.E. Gore strong liberal or not
         V000461  EB    G8b.E. Gore strong conservative or not
         V000462  EB    G8x1.E. 5-pt br summary Gore lib-con
V000463                 G8x2. Comb.7pt/br summ Gore lib-con
         V000464  EB    G8c.E. Gore-certain lib-con placement br
V000464a                G8cx 7pt/branching summary Gore crtn l-c
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000465  FSR   G4. Bush placement lib-con scale FTF
         V000465a TSR   G4.T. Bush placement lib-con scale phone
         V000466  SR    G4x. Combined FTF/ph Bush lib-con scale
         V000467  FSR   G4a. Bush-certain lib-con placement FTF
         V000468  TSR   G4a.T. Bush-certain plcmnt lib-con phone
V000468a                G4ax.T.Comb. Bush-certain plcmnt lib-con
         V000469  EB    G9.E. Bush placement lib-con branch
         V000470  EB    G9a.E. Bush strong liberal or not
         V000471  EB    G9b.E. Bush strong conservative or not
         V000472  EB    G9x1.E. 5-pt br summary Bush lib-con
V000473                 G9x2. Comb.7pt/br summ Bush lib-con
         V000474  EB    G9c.E. Bush-certain lib-con placement br
V000474a                G9cx 7pt/branching summary Bush crtn l-c
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000475  FSR   G5. Buchanan placement lib-con scale FTF
         V000475a TSR   G5.T. Buchan plcmnt lib-con scale phon
         V000476  SR    G5x. Combined FTF/ph Buchan lib-con scl
         V000477  FSR   G5a. Buchan-crtn lib-con plcemnt FTF
         V000478  TSR   G5a.T. Buchan-crtn lib-con plcemnt phone
V000478a                G5ax.T. Combined Buchan-certainn lib-con plcemnt
         V000479  EB    G10.E. Buchanan placement lib-con branch
         V000480  EB    G10a.E. Buchanan strong liberal or not
         V000481  EB    G10b.E. Buchan strong conserv or not
         V000482  EB    G10x1.E. 5-pt br summary Buchan lib-con
V000483                 G10x2. Comb.7pt/br summ Buchan lib-con
         V000484  EB    G10c.E. Certain-Buchan plcmnt lib-con br
V000484a                G10cx. 7pt/branching summ Buchan l-c crt

                        G11 - ANTICIPATED OUTCOME OF NOVEMBER ELECTION
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000485                 G11.  Who does R think will be elected
V000486                 G11a. Race close or not- cand named
V000487                 G11b. Race close or not- cand not named

                        H1-H4 - NATIONAL ECONOMY
                        ------------------------------------------------------

         V000488a S     H1. US econ bttr/worse in last year stan
         V000488b E     H1.E. US econ bttr/worse in last year ex
V000489                 H1a. How much better US econ last year
V000490                 H1b. How much worse US econ last year
V000491                 H1x. Summary US econ btr/worse last year
         V000492a S     H2. Esr/hrdr to find work last year stan
         V000492b E     H2.E. Esr/hrdr to find work last year ex
V000493                 H2a. How much harder to find work lst yr
V000494                 H2b. How much easier to find work lst yr
V000495                 H2x. Summary employ opps in last year
         V000496a S     H4. US econ bttr/worse in next year stan
         V000496b E     H4.E. US econ bttr/worse in next year ex
V000497                 H4a. How much better US econ in nxt year
V000498                 H4b. How much worse US econ in nxt year
V000499                 H4x. Summary US econ in next year

                        H5 - APPROVE PRESIDENT HANDLING OF ECONOMY
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000500                 H5.  Approve/dissap Clinton w/economy
V000501                 H5a. How much approve Clinton w/economy
V000502                 H5b. How much dissprv Clinton w/economy
V000503                 H5x. Summary Clinton w/economy
V000504                 H6.  Is R invested in stock market

                        H7-H8 - PARTY PERFORMANCE
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000505                 H7. Which party R thinks best to handle econ
V000506                 H8. Which party R thinks would avoid war

                        H9-H12 - NATION : STRENGTH, IMMIGRATION, IMPORTS,
                        ISOLATION
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000507                 H9. Us position in world weaker/stronger
V000508                 H10. Increase/decrease immigratration
V000509                 H10a. Inc/dec immigratn little or a lot
V000510                 H10x. Summary immigration level
         V000511a S     H11. Favor/oppose import limits stan
         V000511b E     H11.E. Favor/opp import limits ex
V000512                 H11x. Combined versions import limits
         V000513a S     H12. US better off to stay at home stan
         V000513b E     H12.E. US better off to stay at home ex
V000514                 H12x. Combined versions isolationism

                        H13 - APPROVE PRESIDENT HANDLING OF FOREIGN RELATIONS
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000515                 H13.  Clinton foreign rel approve/disappr
V000516                 H13a. Strength appove Clinton frgn rel
V000517                 H13b. Strength dissapr Clinton frgn rel
V000518                 H13x. Summary Clinton foreign relations

                        K1 - PARTY ID
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000519                 K1.  Does R consider self Rep Dem or Ind
V000520                 K1a. Is R a strong Democrat or not
V000521                 K1b. Is R a strong Republican or not
V000522                 K1c. Is R closer to Rep or Dem Party
V000523                 K1x. Party ID summary

                        K2-K4 - PRES. CANDIDATE TRAITS
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000524                 K2a. Gore trait - moral
V000525                 K2b. Gore trait - really cares
V000526                 K2c. Gore trait - knowledgeable
V000527                 K2d. Gore trait - strong leader
V000528                 K2e. Gore trait - dishonest
V000529                 K2f. Gore trait - intelligent
V000530                 K2g. Gore trait - out of touch
V000531                 K3a. Bush trait - moral
V000532                 K3b. Bush trait - really cares
V000533                 K3c. Bush trait - knowledgeable
V000534                 K3d. Bush trait - strong leader
V000535                 K3e. Bush trait - dishonest
V000536                 K3f. Bush trait - intelligent
V000537                 K3g. Bush trait - out of touch
V000538                 K4a. Buchanan trait - moral
V000539                 K4b. Buchanan trait - really cares
V000540                 K4c. Buchanan trait- knowledgeable
V000541                 K4d. Buchanan trait - strong leader
V000542                 K4e. Buchanan trait - dishonest
V000543                 K4f. Buchanan trait - intelligent
V000544                 K4g. Buchanan trait - out of touch

                        L1 - SERVICES/SPENDING TRADEOFF
                        ------------------------------------------------------
 
         V000545  FR    L1a. Self plcmnt-services/spend scl FTF
         V000546  TB    L1a.T. Self plcmnt-services/spend scl phone
         V000547  TB    L1a1.T. How much reduce serv/spend phone
         V000548  TB    L1a2.T. How much incr serv/spend phone
         V000549  TB    L1ax1. 5-pt br summary of self on serv/spend
V000550                 L1ax2. Comb.7pt/br summ of self on serv/spend
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000551  FR    L1b. Clinton- serv/spend scale FTF
         V000552  TB    L1b.T. Clinton- serve/spend scale phone
         V000553  TB    L1b1.T. Clinton- how much red srv/spd ph
         V000554  TB    L1b2.T. Clinton- how much inc srv/spd ph
         V000555  TB    L1bx1. 5-pt br summary Clinton srv/spnd
V000556                 L1bx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Clinton srv/spnd
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000557  FR    L1c. Gore- serv/spend scale FTF
         V000558  TB    L1c.T. Gore- serv/spend scale phone
         V000559  TB    L1c1.T. Gore- how much red serv/spend ph
         V000560  TB    L1c2.T. Gore- how much inc serv/spend ph
         V000561  TB    L1cx1. 5-pt br summary Gore serv/spend
V000562                 L1cx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Gore serv/spend
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000563  FR    L1d. Bush- serv/spend scale FTF
         V000564  TB    L1d.T. Bush- serv/spend scale phone
         V000565  TB    L1d1.T. Bush- how much reduce serv/spend ph
         V000566  TB    L1d2.T. Bush- how much increase serv/spend ph
         V000567  TB    L1dx1. 5-pt br summary Bush serv/spend
V000568                 L1dx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Bush serv/spend
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000569  FR    L1e. Dem Party- serv/spend scale FTF
         V000570  TB    L1e.T. Dem Party- serv/spend scale phone
         V000571  TB    L1e1.T. Dem Party-how much red srv/sp ph
         V000572  TB    L1e2.T. Dem Party-how much inc srv/sp ph
         V000573  TB    L1ex1. 5-pt br summary Dem Party srv/spd
V000574                 L1ex2. Comb.7pt/br summ Dem Party srv/sp
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000575  FR    L1f. Rep Party- serv/spend scale FTF
         V000576  TB    L1f.T. Rep Party- serv/spend scale phone
         V000577  TB    L1f1.T. Rep Party-how much red srv/sp ph
         V000578  TB    L1f2.T. Rep Party-how much inc srv/sp ph
         V000579  TB    L1fx1. 5-pt br summary Rep Party srv/spd
V000580                 L1fx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Rep Party srv/sp

                        L2 - DEFENSE SPENDING
                        ------------------------------------------------------

         V000581  FR    L2a. Self plcemnt-def spending scale FTF
         V000582  TB    L2a.T. Self plcemnt-def spending scale phone
         V000583  TB    L2a1.T. Govt inc/dec def spending phone
         V000584  TB    L2a1a.T. How much reduce def spending ph
         V000585  TB    L2a1b.T. How much incres def spending ph
         V000586  TB    L2ax1. 5-pt br summary defense spending
V000587                 L2ax2. Comb.7pt/br summ defense spending
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000588  FR    L2b. Gore- defense spending scale FTF
         V000589  TB    L2b.T. Gore- defense spending scale ph
         V000590  TB    L2b1.T. Gore-how much red/inc def spn ph
         V000591  TB    L2bx1. 5-pt br summary Gore def spend
V000592                 L2bx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Gore def spend
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000593  FR    L2c. Bush- defense spending scale FTF
         V000594  TB    L2c.T. Bush- defense spending scale ph
         V000595  TB    L2c1.T. Bush-how much red/inc def spd ph
         V000596  TB    L2cx1. 5-pt br summary Bush def spend
V000597                 L2cx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Bush def spend
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000598  FR    L2d. Dem Party-def spending scale FTF
         V000599  TB    L2d.T. Dem Party-def spend scale phone
         V000600  TB    L2d1.T. Dem Party-how much red/inc ds ph
         V000601  TB    L2dx1. 5-pt br summary Dem Party def sp
V000602                 L2dx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Dem Party def sp
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000603  FR    L2e. Rep Party-def spending scale FTF
         V000604  TB    L2e.T. Rep Party-def spend scale phone
         V000605  TB    L2e1.T. Rep Party-how much inc/red ds ph
         V000606  TB    L2ex1. 5-pt br summary Rep Party def sp
V000607                 L2ex2. Comb.7pt/br summ Rep Party def sp

                        L3 - GOVERNMENT MEDICAL INSURANCE
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000608                 L3(1). Ckpt: FTF/ph, reg/exp.
         V000608a FSR   L3a. Self placement-private or govt insur
         V000608b FER   L3a.E. Self placement-insur scale FTF ex
         V000609  FR    L3ax. Comb. FTF versions R insurnc scale
         V000610a TSB   L3a.T. Self placement-insur scale phone stan
         V000610b TEB   L3a.TE. Self placement-insur scale phone ex
         V000611  TB    L3ax.TE. Comb. Ph versions R insur scale
         V000612  TB    L3a1/a2.T. Strength of insurance plan
         V000613  TB    L3x1. 5-pt br summary R on pri/govt insurance
V000614                 L3x2. Comb.7pt/br summ of R on pri/govt insurance

                        L4 - GUARANTEED JOB/STANDARD OF LIVING
                        ------------------------------------------------------

         V000615  FR    L4a. R plcmnt-guar job/std liv scl FTF
         V000616  TB    L4a.T. R plcmnt-guar job/std liv scl ph
         V000617  TB    L4a1.T. How much should gov guar jobs
         V000618  TB    L4a2t. How much should ppl get by on own
         V000619  TB    L4x1. 5-pt br summary guaranteed jobs
V000620                 L4x2. Comb.7pt/br summ guaranteed jobs
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000621  FR    L4b. Gore-guar job/std liv scl FTF
         V000622  TB    L4b.T. Gore-guar job/std liv scl phone
         V000623  TB    L4b1/b2.T. Gore-strength of guar job
         V000624  TB    L4bx1. 5-pt br summary Gore guar job
V000625                 L4bx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Gore guar job
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000626  FR    L4c. Bush-guar job/std liv scl FTF
         V000627  TB    L4c.T. Bush-guar job/std liv scl phone
         V000628  TB    L4c1/c2.T. Bush-strength guar job
         V000629  TB    L4cx1. 5-pt br summary Bush guar job
V000630                 L4cx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Bush guar job
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000631  FR    L4d. Dem Party-guar job/std liv scl FTF
         V000632  TB    L4d.T. Dem Party-guar job/std liv scl ph
         V000633  TB    L4d1/d2.T. Dem Party-strength guar job
         V000634  TB    L4dx1. 5-pt br summary Dem Party guar jb
V000635                 L4dx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Dem Party gua jb
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000636  FR    L4e. Rep Party-guar job/std liv FTF
         V000637  TB    L4e.T. Rep Party-guar job/std liv phone
         V000638  TB    L4e1/e2.T. Rep Party-strength guar job
         V000639  TB    L4ex1. 5-pt br summ Rep Party guar job
V000640                 L4ex2. Comb.7pt/br summ Rep Party guar job

                        L5 - AID TO BLACKS
                        ------------------------------------------------------

         V000641  FR    L5a. R plcmnt-aid to blacks scale FTF
         V000642  TB    L5a.T. R plcmnt-aid to blacks scale phone
         V000643  TB    L5a1/a2.T. R-strength aid to blacks
         V000644  TB    L5ax1. 5-pt br summary R aid to blacks
V000645                 L5ax2. Comb.7pt/br summ R aid to blacks
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000646  FR    L5b. Clinton plcmnt-aid to blacks scale FTF
         V000647  TB    L5b.T. Clinton-aid to blacks scale phone
         V000648  TB    L5b1/b2.T. Clinton-strength aid to blacks
         V000649  TB    L5bx1. 5-pt br summary Clinton aid to blacks
V000650                 L5bx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Clinton aid to blacks
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000651  FR    L5c. Gore plcmnt-aid to blacks scale FTF
         V000652  TB    L5c.T. Gore-aid to blacks scale phone
         V000653  TB    L5c1/c2.T. Gore-strength aid to blacks
         V000654  TB    L5cx1. 5-pt br summary Gore aid to blks
V000655                 L5cx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Gore aid to blks
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000656  FR    L5d. Bush plcmnt-aid to blacks scale FTF
         V000657  TB    L5d.T. Bush-aid to blacks scale phone
         V000658  TB    L5d1/d2.T. Bush-strength aid to blacks
         V000659  TB    L5dx1. 5-pt br summary Bush aid to blks
V000660                 L5dx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Bush aid to blks
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000661  FR    L5e. Dem Party plcmnt-aid to blks scale FTF
         V000662  TB    L5e.T. Dem Party-aid to blks scale phone
         V000663  TB    L5e1/e2.T. Dem Party-strgth aid to blks
         V000664  TB    L5ex1. 5-pt br summary Dem Party aid blks
V000665                 L5ex2. Comb.7pt/br summ Dem Party aid blks
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000666  FR    L5f. Rep Party plcmnt-aid to blks scale FTF
         V000667  TB    L5f.T. Rep Party-aid to blks scale phone
         V000668  TB    L5f1/f2.T. Rep Party-strgth aid to blks
         V000669  TB    L5fx1. 5-pt br summary Rep Party aid blks
V000670                 L5fx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Rep Party aid blks

                        L6 - AFFIRMATIVE ACTION
                        ------------------------------------------------------

         V000671a S     L6. Appr/disappr affirmative action stan
         V000671b E     L6.E. Appr/disappr affirmative action ex
V000672                 L6a. Strength for affirmative action
V000673                 L6b. Strength against affirmative action
V000674                 L6x. Summary affirmative action (Standard & Experm)
V000674a                L6x1.Summary -strength of feeling affirmative action

                        L7-L9 - FEDERAL BUDGET
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000675                 L7a. Inc/dec build and repair highways
V000676                 L7b. Inc/dec welfare programs
V000677                 L7c. Inc/dec spending on aids research
V000678                 L7d. Inc/dec foreign aid
V000679                 L7e. Inc/dec food stamps
V000680                 L7f. Inc/dec aid to poor people
V000681                 L7g. Inc/dec Social Security
V000682                 L7h. Inc/dec environmental protection
V000683                 L7j. Inc/dec public schools
V000684                 L7k. Inc/dec dealing with crime
V000685                 L7m. Inc/dec child care
V000686                 L7n. Inc/dec against illegal immigrants
V000687                 L7p. Inc/dec aid to blacks
V000688                 L8. App/dis using surplus for tax cuts
V000689                 L8a/b. Strength app/dis tax cuts
V000690                 L8x. Summary tax cuts from surplus
V000691                 L9. App/dis surplus for Soc Sec medicare
V000692                 L9a/b. Strength app/dis Soc Sec medicare
V000693                 L9x. Summary surplus for Soc Sec medcare

                        M1-M3 - ABORTION
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000694                 M1/M1.T. Abortion self-placement
V000695                 M1a. Importance of abortion to R
V000696                 M1b/M1b.T. Gore-abortion scale
V000697                 M1b1. Gore-certain abortion placement
V000698                 M1c/M1c.T. Bush-abortion scale
V000699                 M1c1. Bush-certain abortion placement
V000700                 M2. App/dis abortion parental consent
V000701                 M2a. Strength abortion parental consent
V000702                 M2x. Summary abortion parental consent
V000703                 M3. Fav/oppose prtl-birth abortion ban
V000704                 M3a/b. Strength fav/opp p-b abortion ban
V000705                 M3x. Summary partial-birth abortion ban

                        M4 - PROTECT ENVIRONMENT
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000706                 M4. Ckpt: FTF/ph, reg/exp.
         V000707a FSR   M4a. R-jobs/envir scale FTF stan
         V000707b FER   M4a.E. R-jobs/envir scale FTF ex
         V000708  FR    M4ax. Comb. FTF versions jobs/envir
         V000709a TSB   M4a.T. R-jobs/envir br phone stan
         V000709b TEB   M4a.TE. R-jobs/envir phone ex
         V000710  TB    M4ax.T. Comb. Ph versions jobs/envir
         V000711  TB    M4a1/a2.T. Strength jobs/envir
         V000712  TB    M4a1x1. 5-pt br summary jobs/envir
V000713                 M4a1x2. Comb.7pt/br summ jobs/envir
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000714  FR    M4b. Gore-jobs/envir scale FTF
         V000715  TB    M4b.T. Gore-jobs/envir scale phone
         V000716  TB    M4b1/b2.T. Gore-strength jobs/envir
         V000717  TB    M4bx1. 5-pt br summary jobs/envir
V000718                 M4bx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Gore jobs/envir
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000719  FR    M4c. Bush-jobs/envir scale FTF
         V000720  TB    M4c.T. Bush-jobs/envir scale phone
         V000721  TB    M4c1/c2.T. Bush-strength jobs/envir
         V000722  TB    M4cx1. 5-pt br summary Bush jobs/envir
V000723                 M4cx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Bush jobs/envir

                        M5 - HOMOSEXUALS IN THE ARMED FORCES
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000724                 M5. Fav/oppose homosexuals in military
V000725                 M5a. Strngth fav homosexuals in military
V000726                 M5b. Strngth opp homosexuals in military
V000727                 M5x. Summary homosexuals in military

                        M6 - GUN CONTROL
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000728                 M6a. R-gun control scale
V000729                 M6a1. R-strength more gun control
V000730                 M6a2. R-strength less gun control
V000731                 M6ax. Summary gun control
V000732                 M6a3. R-importance of gun control
V000733                 M6b. Gore plcmnt-gun control scale
V000734                 M6b1/b2. Gore-strength more/less gun ctl
V000735                 M6bx. Summary Gore gun control
V000736                 M6b3. Gore-certain gun control placement
V000737                 M6c. Bush plcmnt-gun control scale
V000738                 M6c1/c2. Bush-strength more/less gun ctl
V000739                 M6cx. Summary Bush gun control
V000740                 M6c3. Bush-certain gun control placement

                        N1 - SCHOOL VOUCHERS
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000741a S     N1. Fav/opp school voucher program stan
         V000741b E     N1.E. Fav/opp school voucher program ex
V000742                 N1x. Combined versions school vouchers
V000743                 N1a/b. Strength fav/opp school vouchers
V000744                 N1ax. Summary school vouchers

                        N2 - ENGLISH AS OFFICIAL LANGUAGE
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000745                 N2. R fav/opp English official language

                        N3 - SCHOOL INTEGRATION
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000746                 N3. R interest in school integration
V000747                 N3a. Fav/opp gov help school integration

                        N4 - ADOPTION BY HOMOSEXUALS
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000748                 N4. Fav/opp h-sexual couples adopt chldn

                        N5 - DEATH PENALTY
                        ------------------------------------------------------

V000749                 N5. Fav/opp death penalty
V000750                 N5a. How much favor death penalty
V000751                 N5b. How much oppose death penalty
V000752                 N5x. Summary R position on death penalty

                        P1 - WOMEN'S ROLE
                        ------------------------------------------------------
V000753                 P1. Ckpt: FTF/ph, reg/exp.
         V000754a FSR   P1a. R plcmnt equal role scale FTF
         V000754b FER   P1a.E. R plcmnt equal role scale
         V000755  FR    P1ax. Comb. FTF versions R equal role sc
         V000756a TSB   P1a.T. R equal role branch stan
         V000756b TEB   P1a.TE. R equal role branch ex
         V000757  TB    P1ax.T. Comb. Ph. Versions R eql role br
         V000758  TB    P1a1/a2.T. R strength equal roles
         V000759  TB    P1a1x1. 5-pt br summary R equal role
V000760                 P1a1x2. Comb.7pt/br summ R equal role
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000761  FR    P1b. Gore-equal role scale FTF
         V000762  TB    P1b.T. Gore-equal role scale phone
         V000763  TB    P1b1/b2.T. Gore-strength equal role
         V000764  TB    P1bx1. 5-pt br summary Gore equal role
V000765                 P1bx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Gore equal role
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000766  FR    P1c. Bush-equal role scale FTF
         V000767  TB    P1c.T. Bush-equal role scale phone
         V000768  TB    P1c1/c2.T. Bush-strength equal role
         V000769  TB    P1cx1. 5-pt br summary Bush equal role
V000770                 P1cx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Bush equal role

                        P2 - ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION
                        ------------------------------------------------------

         V000771  FR    P2a. self placmnt-envir regulation scale
         V000772  TB    P2a.T. R-envir regulation branch
         V000773  TB    P2a1.T. How much tougher regulation
         V000774  TB    P2a2.T. How much are regulatns a burden
         V000775  TB    P2ax1. 5-pt br summary R envir regul
V000776                 P2ax2. Comb.7pt/br summ R envir regul
V000777                 P2aa. How important is envir regulation
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000778  FR    P2b. Gore placmnt-envir regulation scale
         V000779  TB    P2b.T. Gore-envir regulation branch
         V000780  TB    P2b1.T. Gore-strength tougher regulation
         V000781  TB    P2b2.T. Gore-strength regulation burden
         V000782  TB    P2bx1. 5-pt br summary Gore envir regul
V000783                 P2bx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Gore envir regul
V000784                 P2bb. Gore-certain envir regulation
                        ------------------------------------------------------
         V000785  FR    P2c. Bush placemnt-envir regulation scale
         V000786  TB    P2c.T. Bush-envir regulation branch
         V000787  TB    P2c1.T. Bush-strength tougher regulation
         V000788  TB    P2c2.T. Bush-strength regulation burden
         V000789  TB    P2cx1. 5-pt br summary Bush envir regul
V000790                 P2cx2. Comb.7pt/br summ Bush envir regul
V000791                 P2cc. Bush-certain envir regulation

                        P3 - TURNOUT/VOTE INTENT
                        -----------------------------------------------------

V000792                 P3. R expect to vote in Nov election
V000793                 P3a. Who will R vote for President
V000794                 P3b. Strength of preference for candidate
V000795                 P3c. If R voted, who would R vote for President
V000796                 P3d. Strength of preference for candidate

                        P4-P5 - ANTICIPATED PARTY CONTROL AFTER ELECTION
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V000797                 P4. Which party will control the House
V000798                 P5. Which party will control the Senate

                        P6-P7 - FAIR AND PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT FOR BLACKS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V000799                 P6. Interest in fair treatment in jobs
V000800                 P6a. Govt should ensure Blacks equ trtment in jobs
V000801                 P6a1. Strength blacks equal trtmnt jobs
V000802                 P6x. Summary blacks equal treatment jobs
V000803                 P7. Preferences for blacks in jobs
V000804                 P7a. Strength for preference blks jobs
V000805                 P7b. Strength against preference blks jobs
V000806                 P7x. Summary preference for blacks jobs

                        Q1-Q11 - CLINTON LEGACY
                             (Rs were asked Clinton Legacy in either pre
                              or post).  For full sample see variables
                              1529a, 1595a, 1599a, 1603a, 1608a, 1612a
                              1616a, 1620a, 1624a, & 1628a.)
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V000807                 Q1.  Budget deficit lg/sm since 1992
V000808                 Q1a. Deficit much/somewhat smaller
V000809                 Q1b. Deficit much/somewhat larger
V000810                 Q1x. Summary budget deficit since 1992
V000811                 Q2.  Spending on poor inc/dec since 1992
V000812                 Q2a. How much inc/dec aid to poor
V000813                 Q2x. Summary assistance to poor
V000814                 Q3.  Economy better/worse compared to 1992
V000815                 Q3a. Economy much/somewhat better
V000816                 Q3b. Economy much/somewhat worse
V000817                 Q3x. Summary economy since 1992
V000818                 Q4. Clinton made economy better/worse
V000819                 Q4a. Clinton made econ much/somewhat better
V000820                 Q4b. Clinton made econ much/somewhat worse
V000821                 Q4x. Summary Clinton effect on US econ
V000822                 Q5.  Clinton admin hurt/help R personally
V000823                 Q6.  U.S. more/less secure since 1992
V000824                 Q6a. U.S. much more secure from enemies
V000825                 Q6b. U.S much less secure from enemies
V000826                 Q6x. Summary US secure from for enemies
V000827                 Q7.  Clinton made U.S. more/less secure
V000828                 Q7a. Clinton made U.S. much/smwhat more secure
V000829                 Q7b. Clinton made U.S. much/smwhat less secure
V000830                 Q7x. Summ- Clinton impact on U.S. security
V000831                 Q8.  U.S. crime rate better/worse since 1992
V000832                 Q8a. U.S. crime rate much or smwhat better
V000833                 Q8b. U.S. crime rate much or smwhat worse
V000834                 Q8x. Summary - U.S. crime rate since 1992
V000835                 Q9.  Clinton made crime rate better/worse
V000836                 Q9a. Clinton made crime rate much/smwhat btr
V000837                 Q9b. Clinton made crime rate much/smwhat wrse
V000838                 Q9x. Summary - Clinton impact on crime rate
V000839                 Q10. Moral climate btr/worse since 1992
V000840                 Q10a.Moral climate much/smwhat better
V000841                 Q10b.Moral climate much/smwhat worse
V000842                 Q10x. Summary moral climate since 1992
V000843                 Q11. Clinton made moral climate btr/worse
V000844                 Q11a.Clinton made moral climate much/swht btr
V000845                 Q11b.Clinton made moral climate much/swht wrse 
V000846                 Q11x. Summary - Clinton impact on moral climate

                        Q14 - CLINTON AFFECTS
                            (Rs were asked Clinton Affects in either pre
                              or post.  For full sample see variables
                              1629a, 1630a, 1631a, 1632a, 1633a, 1634a
                              1635a, 1636a.)
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V000847                 Q14a. Angry- Clinton affect
V000848                 Q14a1. Angry- how oft Clinton affect
V000849                 Q14b. Hopeful- Clinton affect
V000850                 Q14b1. Hopeful- how oft Clinton affect
V000851                 Q14c. Afraid- Clinton affect
V000852                 Q14c1. Afraid- how often Clinton affect
V000853                 Q14d. Proud- Clinton affect
V000854                 Q14d1. Proud- how oft Clinton affect

                        Q15 - CLINTON TRAITS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V000855                 Q15a/Q15a.T. Clinton trait-moral
V000856                 Q15b/Q15b.T. Clinton trait-really cares
V000857                 Q15c/Q15c.T. Clinton trait-knowledgeable
V000858                 Q15d/Q15d.T. Clinton trait-strong leader
V000859                 Q15e/Q15e.T. Clitnon trait-dishonest
V000860                 Q15f/Q15f.T. Clinton trait-intelligent
V000861                 Q15g/Q15g.T. Clinton trait-out of touch

                        R1-R3 - OPINIONS AND COMPLEX DECISIONS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V000862                 R1. How opinionated is R
V000863                 R1a. Fewer or more opinions than avg
V000864                 R1a1. How much more opinions than avg
V000865                 R1a2. More much fewer opinions than avg
V000866                 R1x. Summary degree R opinionated
V000867                 R2. Does R like respnsbty for thinking
V000868                 R2a. How much like respnbty for thinking
V000869                 R2b. How much dislike rsbty for thinking
V000870                 R2x. Summary like/dislike thinking
V000871                 R3. Like simple or complex problems

                        S1-S5 - RELIGIOSITY
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V000872                 S1. Is religion important to R
V000873                 S2. How much guidance from religion
V000874                 S3/S3.T. How often does R pray
V000875                 S4/S4.T. How often does R read the bible
V000876                 S5/S5.T. Bible is word of God or men

                        X1-X9 - RELIGIOUS IDENTIFICATION
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V000877                 X1. Attend religious services
V000878                 X1a. Part of a church or denomination
V000879                 X2. Attend religious services how often
V000880                 X2a. Attend relig serv > once/week
V000881                 X3. Attend church checkpoint
V000882                 X3a. Attend protestant/Cath/Jewish/other
V000883                 X3b. Belong protestant/Cath/Jewish/other
V000884                 X4. Denomination/other specify
V000885                 X4(1). (blanked) denomination other
V000886                 X4a. Baptist group
V000887                 X4b. Independent Baptist group
V000888                 X4c. Lutheran group
V000889                 X4d. Methodist group
V000890                 X4e. Presbyterian group
V000891                 X4f. Reformed group
V000892                 X4g. Brethren group
V000893                 X4h. Christian group
V000894                 X4i. Church of Christ group
V000895                 X4j. Church of God group
V000896                 X4k. (blanked) holiness/pentacostal
V000897                 X4a-j. (blanked) other
V000898                 X4m. (blanked) other group/denomination
V000899                 X4m1. Is other group christian
V000900                 X6a. Attend Jewish group
V000901                 X6b. Jewish denomination
V000902                 X7. Member place of worship
V000903                 X8. Born-again christian
V000904                 X9x. Religion summary

                        Y1-Y31A - DEMOGRAPHICS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V000905                 Y1(1). Month of birth
V000906                 Y1(2). Day of birth (blanked)
V000907                 Y1(3). Year of birth
V000908                 Y1x. Respondent age
V000909                 Y2. Marital status
V000910                 Y3. Highest grade completed
V000911                 Y3a. Diploma/GED
V000912                 Y3b. Highest degree earned
V000913                 Y3x. R educ summary
V000914                 Y4. Highest grade of partner
V000915                 Y4a. Partner diploma/GED
V000916                 Y4b. Partner highest degree
V000917                 Y4x. Sp educ. Summary
V000918                 Y6(1). Assigned employment status
V000919                 Y6(2). 2 digit employment status
V000920                 Y6(3). 1 digit employment status
V000921                 Y9. R unemp: ever worked for pay
V000922                 Y10a(1). 2-digit occup
V000922a                Y10a(2). 3-digit occup (blanked)
V000923                 Y10a(3). 1-digit occup summary
V000924                 Y10a(4). Prestige code (blanked)
V000925                 Y10b. R unemp: past industry code
V000926                 Y10c. R unemp: past self employed
V000927                 Y10d. R unemp: past employed by govt
V000928                 Y10e. R unemp: work last 6 months
V000929                 Y10f. R unemp: hrs/wk 6 months
V000930                 Y10g. R unemp: looking for work now
V000931                 Y10h. R unemp: worry about find job
V000932                 Y11(1). Retired: month of retirement
V000933                 Y11(2). Retired: year of retirement
V000934                 Y12a(1). 2-digit occup retired
V000934a                Y12a(2). 3-digit occup (blanked) retired
V000935                 Y12a(3). 1-digit occup summary retired
V000936                 Y12a(4). Prestige code (blanked) retired
V000937                 Y12b. R ret: industry code
V000938                 Y12c. R ret: self employed
V000939                 Y12d. R ret: employed by govt
V000940                 Y12e. R ret: work last 6 months
V000941                 Y12f. R ret: hours/wk work 6 months
V000942                 Y12g. R ret: working for pay
V000943                 Y12h. R ret: looking for work now
V000944                 Y12j. R ret: worry about finding job
V000945                 Y13. R disabled: ever worked for pay
V000946                 Y14a(1). 2-digit occup disabled
V000946a                Y14a(2). 3-digit occup (blanked) disable
V000947                 Y14a(3). 1-digit occup summary disabled
V000948                 Y14a(4). Prestige code (blanked) disable
V000949                 Y14b. R dis: industry code
V000950                 Y14c. R dis: self employed
V000951                 Y14d. R dis: work for govt
V000952                 Y14e. R dis: work last 6 months
V000953                 Y14f. R dis: hours/wk work 6 mnths
V000954                 Y14g. R dis: working for pay now
V000955                 Y14h. R dis: looking for work now
V000956                 Y14j. R dis: worry about finding job
V000957                 Y15. Homemaker/student: work for pay
V000958                 Y15a. Hmk/stu: work last 6 mon
V000959                 Y16a(1). 2-digit occup hmk/stu
V000959a                Y16a(2). 3-digit occup (blanked) hmk/stu
V000960                 Y16a(3). 1-digit occup summary hmk/stu
V000961                 Y16a(4). Prestige code (blanked) hmk/stu
V000962                 Y16b. Hmk/stu: industry code
V000963                 Y16c. Hmk/stu: self employed
V000964                 Y16d. Hmk/stu: worked for govt
V000965                 Y16f. Hmk/stu: hrs/wk wrk last 6 months
V000966                 Y16h. Hmk/stu: looking for work
V000967                 Y16j. Hmk/stu: worry about finding job
V000968                 Y7a(1). 2-digit occup R work now
V000968a                Y7a(2). 3-digit occup (blanked) R wk now
V000969                 Y7a(3). 1-digit occup summary R work now
V000970                 Y7a(4). Prestige code (blanked) R wk now
V000971                 Y7b. Work now/TLO: industry code
V000972                 Y7c. Work now/TLO: self employed
V000973                 Y7d. Work now/TLO: work for govt
V000974                 Y7e. Work now/TLO: hours work
V000975                 Y7f. Work now/TLO: work hours right
V000976                 Y7g. Work now/TLO: worry lose job
V000977                 Y7h. Work now: out work/layoff last 6mo
V000978                 Y7j. Work now: reduction in hrs/pay
V000979                 Y17(1). Stacked - 2 digit occup
V000979a                Y17(1a). Stacked - 3 dig occup (blanked)
V000980                 Y17(2). Stacked - 1 digit occup
V000981                 Y17(3). Stacked - occ prestige (blanked)
V000982                 Y17(4). Stacked - industry
V000983                 Y17(5). Stacked - work for self
V000984                 Y17(6). Stacked - employed by govt
V000985                 Y17(7). Stacked - hours per week
V000986                 Y17(8). Stacked - worr abt los/find job
V000987                 Y17(9). Stacked - job in past 6 mos.
V000988                 Y17(10). Stacked - looking for work
V000989                 Y17(11). Stacked - ever work for pay
V000990                 Y25. Anyone in HH belong to union
V000991a                Y25a1. Who belongs to union #1
V000991b                Y25a2. Who belongs to union #2
V000991c                Y25a3. Who belongs to union #3
V000992                 Y26. IWR chkpt: # of Persons age 14+
V000993                 Y27/Y27.T. HH income - others in HH 14+
V000994                 Y27x. HH income -all HHs
V000995                 Y27a/Y27a.T. R income - others in HH 14+
V000996                 Y28/Y28.T. R income - only HH member 14+
V000997                 Y28x. R income -all HHs
V000998                 Y29. Ever think of self as wrk/mid class
V000999                 Y29a. Which one (workng or middle class)
V001000                 Y29b. If had to choose class
V001001                 Y29c. Middle class- avg or upper
V001002                 Y29d. Middle class - feel close to class
V001003                 Y29e. Working class - avg or upper
V001004                 Y29f. Working class -feel close to class
V001005                 Y29x. Soc.class summary
V001006a                Y30(1). Racial group #1 self-description
V001006b                Y30(2). Racial group #2 self-description
V001006c                Y30(3). Racial group #3 self-description
V001007                 Y30a. Both parents born in U.S.?
V001008                 Y30b(1). Ethnic/nationality group #1
V001009                 Y30b(2). Ethnic/nationality group #2
V001010                 Y30bx. IWR ckpt: >2 ethnic mentions?
V001010a                Y30bx2. Number of ethnic groups mentioned
V001011                 Y30c. Choice of ethnic/nationality group
V001012                 Y30x/Y31. Spanish or Hispanic descent
V001013                 Y31a/Y31a.T. Category of Hispanic descnt

                        Z1-Z9 - ADDITIONAL DEMOGRAPHICS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001014                 Z1. Where R grew up-ICPSR st/cntry code
         V001015  F     Z2. FTF- urbanicity where grew up
         V001016  TB    Z2.T. Phone -urbanicity where grew up
         V001017  T     Z2a. Phone -urbanicity where grew up
         V001018  T     Z2b. Phone - urbanicity where grew up
V001019                 Z2x. Comb. Summary where R grew up
V001020a                Z3(1). Mos. -how long lived in community
V001020b                Z3(2). Yrs. -how long lived in community
V001020c                Z3x. Summ. - how long lived in community
V001021a                Z4(1)/Z4(1).T. Mos.-length resid in home
V001021b                Z4(2)/Z4(1).T. Yrs.-length resid in home
V001021c                Z4x. Summ. - length residence in home
V001022                 Z5. Does R family own/rent home
V001023                 Z8. Does R have children
V001024                 Z8a. How many children R has under 18
V001025                 Z8b. R's children under 18 living w/R
V001026a                Z8c(1). Mention 1 minor child age
V001026b                Z8c(2). Mention 2 minor child age
V001026c                Z8c(3). Mention 3 minor child age
V001026d                Z8c(4). Mention 4 minor child age
V001026e                Z8c(5). Mention 5 minor child age
V001026f                Z8c(6). Mention 6 minor child age
V001026g                Z8c(7). Mention 7 minor child age
V001026h                Z8c(8). Mention 8 minor child age
V001027                 Z9. How many miles R drives per day

                        ZZ1-ZZ11 - PRE INTERVIEWER OBSERVATION
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001028                 ZZ0. Education estimate if missed in IW
V001029                 ZZ1. IWR obs: R gender
         V001030  F     ZZ2. FTF IWR obs: R race
         V001031a F     ZZ3(1). FTF: #1 others present during IW
         V001031b F     ZZ3(2). FTF: #2 others present during IW
         V001031c F     ZZ3(3). FTF: #3 others present during IW
         V001031d F     ZZ3(4). FTF: #4 others present during IW
         V001031e F     ZZ3(5). FTF: #5 others present during IW
V001032                 ZZ4. IWR obs: R cooperation
V001033                 ZZ5. IWR obs: R informed about politics
V001034                 ZZ6. IWR obs: R intelligence
V001035                 ZZ7. IWR obs: R suspicious
V001036                 ZZ8. IWR obs: R interest in IW
V001037                 ZZ9. IWR obs: R sincerity
V001038                 ZZ9a. IWR: obs: insincere in what part(blanked)
         V001039  F     ZZ10. IWR obs: R report income correctly
         V001040  F     ZZ10a. IWR obs: est income -surv inc off
V001041a                ZZ11(1). Mention 1 - R reaction to IW
V001041b                ZZ11(2). Mention 2 - R reaction to IW
V001041c                ZZ11(3). Mention 3 - R reaction to IW
V001041d                ZZ11(4). Mention 4 - R reaction to IW
V001041e                ZZ11(5). Mention 5 - R reaction to IW
V001041f                ZZ11(6). Mention 6 - R reaction to IW
V001041g                ZZ11(7). Mention 7 - R reaction to IW
V001041h                ZZ11(8). Mention 8 - R reaction to IW
V001041j                ZZ11(9). Mention 9 - R reaction to IW

                        PRE RANDOMIZATION DESCRIPTIONS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001042                 Pre.Rand.A4/A5. Order-Gore,GWB lik/dis
V001043                 Pre.Rand.C1b. Pos-Gore in therms
V001044                 Pre.Rand.C1c. Pos-GW Bush in therms
V001045                 Pre.Rand.C1d. Pos-Buchanan in therms
V001046                 Pre.Rand.C1e. Pos-Nader in thermoms
V001047                 Pre.Rand.C1f/g. Pos-Mccain, Bradley ther
V001048                 Pre.Rand.C1h/k. Pos-Cheney,Liebermn ther
V001049                 Pre.Rand.C2. Order-parties in therms
V001050                 Pre.Rand.D1/D3. Order-parties in lik/dis
V001051                 Pre.Rand.F1-F3. Order-Gore, GWB, Buchn
V001052                 Pre.Rand.F1a. Pos-angry -Gore affects
V001053                 Pre.Rand.F1b. Pos-hopeful -Gore affects
V001054                 Pre.Rand.F1c. Pos-afraid -Gore affects
V001055                 Pre.Rand.F1d. Pos-proud -Gore affects
V001056                 Pre.Rand.F2a. Pos-angry -GW Bush affects
V001057                 Pre.Rand.F2b. Pos-hopeful -GWB affects
V001058                 Pre.Rand.F2c. Pos-afraid -GWB affects
V001059                 Pre.Rand.F2d. Pos-proud -GWB affects
V001060                 Pre.Rand.F3a. Pos-angry -Buchnn affects
V001061                 Pre.Rand.F3b. Pos-hopeful -Buchnn affcts
V001062                 Pre.Rand.F3c. Pos-afraid -Buchnn affcts
V001063                 Pre.Rand.F3d. Pos-proud -Buchnn affcts
V001064                 Pre.Rand.G3-G5. Ord-Gore,GWB,Buch lib/con
V001065                 Pre.Rand.G8-G10.E. Ord-Gore,GWB,Buch lib/c
V001066                 Pre.Rand.K2-K4. Ord-Gore,GWB,Buch traits
V001067                 Pre.Rand.K2a. Order-moral -Gore traits
V001068                 Pre.Rand.K2b. Order-cares -Gore traits
V001069                 Pre.Rand.K2c. Order-knowldg -Gore traits
V001070                 Pre.Rand.K2d. Order-leader -Gore traits
V001071                 Pre.Rand.K2e. Order-dishon -Gore traits
V001072                 Pre.Rand.K2f. Order-intell -Gore traits
V001073                 Pre.Rand.K2g. Ord-out touch -Gore traits
V001074                 Pre.Rand.K3a. Order-moral -GWB traits
V001075                 Pre.Rand.K3b. Order-cares -GWB traits
V001076                 Pre.Rand.K3c. Order-knowldg -GWB traits
V001077                 Pre.Rand.K3d. Order-leader -GWB traits
V001078                 Pre.Rand.K3e. Order-dishon -GWB traits
V001079                 Pre.Rand.K3f. Order-intell -GWB traits
V001080                 Pre.Rand.K3g. Ord-out touch -GWB traits
V001081                 Pre.Rand.K4a. Ord-moral -Buchanan traits
V001082                 Pre.Rand.K4b. Ord-cares -Buchanan traits
V001083                 Pre.Rand.K4c. Ord-knowl -Buchanan traits
V001084                 Pre.Rand.K4d. Ord-leader -Buchann traits
V001085                 Pre.Rand.K4e. Ord-dishon -Buchann traits
V001086                 Pre.Rand.K4f. Ord-intell -Buchann traits
V001087                 Pre.Rand.K4g. Ord-out touch-Buchnn traits
V001088                 Pre.Rand.L1c/L1d. Order-Gore,GWB serv/sp
V001089                 Pre.Rand.L1e/L1f. Order-Gore,GWB serv/sp
V001090                 Pre.Rand.L2b/L2c. Order-Gore,GWB def sp
V001091                 Pre.Rand.L2d/L2e. Order-parties defse sp
V001092                 Pre.Rand.L4b/L4c. Order-Gore,GWB guarjob
V001093                 Pre.Rand.L4d/L4e. Order-parties guar job
V001094                 Pre.Rand.L5c/L5d. Ord-Gore,GWB aid blcks
V001095                 Pre.Rand.L5e/L5f. Order-parties aid blks
V001096                 Pre.Rand.L7b. Order-welfare -fed spendng
V001097                 Pre.Rand.L7c. Order-aids resch-fed spend
V001098                 Pre.Rand.L7d. Order-forgn aid -fed spend
V001099                 Pre.Rand.L7e. Order-food stps -fed spend
V001100                 Pre.Rand.L7f. Order-aid poor -fed spend
V001101                 Pre.Rand.L7g. Order-soc sec -fed spend
V001102                 Pre.Rand.L7h. Ord-env protect -fed spend
V001103                 Pre.Rand.L7j. Ord-publ schls -fed spend
V001104                 Pre.Rand.L7k. Ord-deal w/crime-fed spend
V001105                 Pre.Rand.L7m. Order-child care-fed spend
V001106                 Pre.Rand.L7n. Order-border sec-fed spend
V001107                 Pre.Rand.L7p. Order-aid blacks-fed spend
V001108                 Pre.Rand.M1b/M1c. Ord-Gore-GWB abortion
V001109                 Pre.Rand.M4b/M4c. Ord-Gore-envir/jobs
V001110                 Pre.Rand.M6b/M6c. Ord-Gore-gun restrictn
V001111                 Pre.Rand.P1b/P1c. Ord-Gore-women's role
V001112                 Pre.Rand.P2b/P2c. Ord-Gore-envir reg
V001113                 Pre.Rand.Q14a. Ord-angry-Clinton affcts
V001114                 Pre.Rand.Q14b. Ord-hopeful-Clinton affcts
V001115                 Pre.Rand.Q14c. Ord-afraid -Clinton affcts
V001116                 Pre.Rand.Q14d. Ord-proud-Clinton affcts
V001117                 Pre.Rand.Q15a. Ord-moral-Clinton traits
V001118                 Pre.Rand.Q15b. Ord-cares-Clinton traits
V001119                 Pre.Rand.Q15c. Ord-knowl-Clinton traits
V001120                 Pre.Rand.Q15d. Ord-leader-Clinton traits
V001121                 Pre.Rand.Q15e. Ord-dishon-Clinton traits
V001122                 Pre.Rand.Q15f. Ord-intell-Clinton traits
V001123                 Pre.Rand.Q15g. Ord-out touch-Clint trait

                        A1-A4 - CURRENT CAMPAIGN AND POLITICS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001201                 A1. R interest in campaigns
V001202                 A2. R watched programs about campaign
V001203                 A2a. How many programs R watched about campaign
V001204                 A3. Does R ever discuss politics
V001205                 A3a. How often does R discuss politics
V001206                 A4. Does R recall names of House candidates
V001207                 A4a1. Hse name recall 1 - cand code
V001208                 A4b1. Hse party recall 1
V001209                 A4(1)x1. Actual party of recall 1
V001210                 A4(2)x2. Accuracy of recall 1
V001211                 A4a2. Hse name recall 2 - cand code
V001212                 A4b2. Hse party recall 2
V001213                 A4(2)x1. Actual party of recall 2
V001214                 A4(2)x2. Accuracy of recall 2
V001215                 A4a3. Hse name recall 3 - cand code
V001216                 A4b3. Hse party recall 3
V001217                 A4(3)x1. Actual party of recall 3
V001218                 A4(3)x2. Accuracy of recall 3

                        B1-B12 - PARTICIPATION, CONTRIBUTIONS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001219                 B1. Party talked to R about campaign
V001220                 B1a. Party that spoke to R about campgn
V001221                 B1b. Anyone else talk to R about cands
V001222                 B1c. Party send R mail about campaign
V001223                 B1c1. Party that sent mail about campaign
V001224                 B1d. Anyone else send mail about campaign
V001225                 B2. Did R try to influence vote of others
V001226                 B3. Did R display button/sticker/sign
V001227                 B4. Did R go to meetings/rallies etc.
V001228                 B5. Did R do any other campaign work
V001229                 B6. Did R contribute to candidate
V001230                 B6a. Party of candidate - R contribution
V001231                 B7. Did R give money to party
V001232                 B7a. Party - R contribution
V001233                 B8. Did R give to group for/against candidate
V001234                 B9. Did anyone talk to R about registering or voting
V001235                 B10. Did moral/relig groups discuss cmpaign w/R
V001236                 B11. Clergy provide election information
V001237                 B12. Did clergy encourage R to vote for cand or prty
V001238                 B12a1. Clergy endorsement 1
V001239                 B12a2. Clergy endorsement 2
V001240                 B12a3. Clergy endorsement 3

                        C1-C4 - TURNOUT, REGISTRATION
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001241                 C1. Did R vote
V001242                 C2. Was R registered
V001243                 C3. Registered in county of IW?
V001244                 C3a1. State of registration
V001244a                C3a2. County of registration (blank)
V001245                 C4. Did R vote on election day or before
V001246                 C4a. How long before election did R vote
V001247                 C4b. Did R vote in person or absentee

                        C5-C8- VOTE FOR PRESIDENT
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001248                 C5. Did R vote for President?
V001249                 C6. R vote cast for President
V001250                 C6a. How strong R support Pres cand
V001251                 C7. Timing of Pres vote decision
V001252a                C8(1). If R cld have cast more than one vote -1st
V001252b                C8(2). If R cld have cast more than one vote -2nd
V001252c                C8(3). If R cld have cast more than one vote -3rd

                        VOTE FOR CONGRESS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001253a                C9(1). Hse ckpt: vote in/out county
V001253b                C9(2). Hse ckpt: order of Dem/Rep names
V001254                 C9a/C11a.T. In-county: vote for House?
V001255                 C9b(1)/C11bx1.T. In-county House vote
V001256                 C9b/(2)/C11bx2.T. In-Hse vote-cand code
V001257                 C9b(3)/C11bx.T. In-House vote - party
V001258                 C10a/C12a.T. Out-county: vote for House?
V001259                 C10b1/C12b1.T. Out- House vote - cand code
V001260                 C10b2/C12b2.T. Out- House vote - party
V001261                 C10c/C12c.T. Out- party ment of Hse vote
V001262                 C10x1/C12x1.T. Summ- Hose vote cand code
V001263                 C10x2/C12x2.T. Summary- House vote party

                        VOTE FOR SENATE
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001264                 C13(1). Sen ckpt: vote in/out county
V001265                 C13(2). Sen ckpt: order of Dem/Rep names
V001266                 C13a/C15a.T. In-county: vote for Senate?
V001267                 C13b1/C15bx1.T. In county - Senate vote
V001268                 C13b2/C15bx2.T. In county -Sen vote - cand code
V001269                 C13b3/C15bx3.T. In county- Sen vote - party
V001270                 C14a/C16a.T. Out-county:vote for Senate?
V001271                 C14b1/C16b1.T. Out of county - Sen vote -cand code
V001272                 C14b2/C16b2.T. Out of county - Senate vote party
V001273                 C14c/C16c.T. Out of county- party of Sen vote
V001274                 C14x1/C16x1.T. Summ- Sen vote - cand code
V001275                 C14x2/C16x2.T. Summary- Sen vote - party

                        NONVOTER PREFERENCES FOR HOUSE, SENATE
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001276                 C17. Nonvoter - prefer any Pres cand?
V001277                 C17a. Nonvoter- Pres cand preferred
V001278                 C17b. Nonvoter-strength Pres cand pref
V001279                 C18/C18.T. Nonvoter-prefer Hse cand?
V001280                 C18a/C18a.T. Nonvoter-Hse cand pref
V001281                 C18a1/C18a1.T.Nonvotr-Hse cand pref code
V001282                 C18a2/C18a2.T.Nonvoter-Hse cand pref pty
V001283                 C19a/C19.T. Nonvoter-pref Senate cand?
V001284                 C19b/C19a.T. Nonvoter-Sen cand pref
V001285                 C19b1/C19a1.T. Nonvotr-Sen cand pref code
V001286                 C19b2/C19a2.T. Nonvoter-Sen cand pref pty
V001287                 (Blank)
V001288                 (Blank)
V001289                 (Blank)
V001290                 (Blank)

                         C20 - FAIRNESS OF PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001291                 C20. How fair was November election

                        D1-D2 - THERMOMETERS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001292                 D1a/D1a.T. Thermometer Clinton
V001293                 D1b/D1b.T. Thermometer Gore
V001294                 D1c/D1c.T. Thermometer GW Bush
V001295                 D1d/D1d.T. Thermometer Nader
V001296                 D1e/D1e.T. Thermometer Jesse Jackson
V001297                 D1f/D1f.T. Thermometer former Pres Bush
V001298                 D1g/D1g.T. Thermometer Dem House cand
V001299                 D1h/D1h.T. Thermometer Rep House cand
V001300                 D1j/D1j.T. Thermometer retiring Hse rep
V001300a                D1jx. Checkpt:Hse retiree also Sen cand?
V001301                 D1k/D1k.T. Thermometer Dem Senate cand
V001302                 D1m/D1m.T. Thermometer Rep Senate cand
V001303                 D1n/D1n.T. Thermometer Ind House cand
V001303a                D1nx. Checkpoint: VT01 or VA05
V001304                 D2a. Thermometer supreme court
V001305                 D2b. Thermometer Congress
V001306                 D2c. Thermometer military
V001307                 D2d. Thermometer federal govt in Wash DC
V001308                 D2e. Thermometer blacks
V001309                 D2f. Thermometer whites
V001310                 D2g. Thermometer conservatives
V001311                 D2h. Thermometer liberals
V001312                 D2j. Thermometer labor unions
V001313                 D2k. Thermometer big business
V001314                 D2m. Thermometer poor people
V001315                 D2n. Thermometer people on welfare
V001316                 D2p. Thermometer Hispanics
V001317                 D2q. Thermometer Chrstn Fundamentalists
V001318                 D2r. Thermometer women's movement
V001319                 D2s. Thermometer older people
V001320                 D2t. Thermometer environmentalists
V001321                 D2u. Thermometer homosexuals
V001322                 D2v. Thermometer Christian Coalition
V001323                 D2w. Thermometer Catholics
V001324                 D2x. Thermometer Jews
V001325                 D2xx. Thermometer Protestants
V001326                 D2y. Thermometer feminists
V001327                 D2z. Thermometer Asian-americans

                        E1-E4 - HOUSE CANDIDATE LIKES/DISLIKES
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001328                 E1. Like anything- Dem House cand
V001329                 E1a(1). #1 like Dem House candidate
V001330                 E1a(2). #2 like Dem House candidate
V001331                 E1a(3). #3 like Dem House candidate
V001332                 E1a(4). #4 like Dem House candidate
V001333                 E1a(5). #5 like Dem House candidate
V001334                 E2. Dislike anything- Dem House cand
V001335                 E2a(1). #1 dislike Dem House candidate
V001336                 E2a(2). #2 dislike Dem House candidate
V001337                 E2a(3). #3 dislike Dem House candidate
V001338                 E2a(4). #4 dislike Dem House candidate
V001339                 E2a(5). #5 dislike Dem House candidate
V001340                 E3. Like anything- Repub House cand
V001341                 E3a(1). #1 like Repub House candidate
V001342                 E3a(2). #2 like Repub House candidate
V001343                 E3a(3). #3 like Repub House candidate
V001344                 E3a(4). #4 like Repub House candidate
V001345                 E3a(5). #5 like Repub House candidate
V001346                 E4. Dislike anything- Repub House cand
V001347                 E4a(1). #1 dislike Repub House candidate
V001348                 E4a(2). #2 dislike repun House candidate
V001349                 E4a(3). #3 dislike Repub House candidate
V001350                 E4a(4). #4 dislike Repub House candidate
V001351                 E4a(5). #5 dislike Repub House candidate

                        E5-E7 - POLITICAL KNOWLEDGE (HOUSE AND SENATE)
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001352                 E5. Checkpt: number of Hse cands
V001353a                E5a(1). 2 cands- either cand incumbent
V001353b                E5a(2). Cand iden as incum- 2 cand race
V001354                 E5b(1). 1 cand- is candidate incumbent
V001355                 E5b(2). Cand iden as incum- 1 cand race
V001356                 E6. Party control House before election
V001357                 E7. Party control Senate before election

                        F1-F4 - MEMBER OF CONGRESS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001358                 F1. Appr/dissapr House incumbent
V001359                 F1a. Strength approve House incumbent
V001360                 F1b. Strength disappr House incumbent
V001361                 F1x. Summary- approve/disapp Hse incumb
V001362                 F2. Special action by incumbent
V001363                 F3. R know #yrs Hse incumbent has serv
V001364                 F3a. #yrs House incumbent has been in of
V001365                 F3b. Incumbent more/less 12 yrs in offic
V001366                 F4. House incumb kept in touch w/distric

                        F5 -  FOLLOW PUBLIC AFFAIRS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001367                 F5. R follows govt and public affairs

                        G1-G10 - LIBERAL-CONSERVATIVE PLACEMENT
                                 SELF, CLINTON, GORE, BUCHANAN AND PARTIES
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001368                 G1a/G1a.T. R placement lib-con scale
V001369                 G1b. Had to choose lib-con self-placemt
V001370                 G1x. 3-category lib-con summary
V001371                 G2/G2.T. Clinton placement lib-con scale
V001372                 G3/G3.T. Gore placement lib-con scale
V001373                 G3a/G3a.T. Gore-certain lib-con placemnt
V001374                 G4/G4.T. Bush placement lib-con scale
V001375                 G4a/G4a.T. Bush-certain lib-con placemnt
V001376                 G5/G5.T. Buchanan placemnt lib-con scale
V001377                 G5a/G5a.T. Buchanan-certain lib-con 
V001378                 G6. Ckpt: number of cands/VT01/VA05
V001378a                G6.(1)/G6(1).T. Dem Hse cand placemt-lib
V001378b                G6.(2)/G6(2).T. #1 incum Ind cand place
V001379a                G6a1/G6a1.T. Dem Hse cand-crtn lib-con
V001379b                G6a2/G6a2.T. #1 incum Ind cand-crtn lib
V001380a                G7.(1)/G7(1).T. Rep Hse cand placmnt-lib
V001380b                G7.(2)/G7(2).T. #2 incum Ind cand-lib
V001381a                G7a1/G7a1.T. Rep Hse cand-certn lib-con
V001381b                G7a2/G7a2.T. #2 incum Ind cand lib-con
V001382                 G8/G8.T. Dem Party placemnt lib-con scale
V001383                 G9/G9.T. Repub Party placement lib-con
V001384                 G10/G10.T. Reform Party placemnt lib-con

                        G11 - SERVICES/SPENDING TRADEOFF
                        ----------------------------------------------------

         V001385  FR    G11a. R placement- services/spend scale
         V001386  TB    G11a.T. R placemnt-services/spend branch
         V001387  TB    G11a1.T. How much reduce services/spend
         V001388  TB    G11a2.T. How much increase servics/spend
         V001389  TB    G11a3.T. If serv/spend changed, would favor inc/dec
V001390            B     G11ax1. Summary R serv/spend scale- branching
V001390            BR    G11ax2. Summary R serv/spend scale- branch & scale

                        -----------------------------------------------------
V001391                 G11b. Ckpt: number of cands/VT01/VA05
         V001391a FR    G11b(1.) Dem Hse candidate on services/spending
         V001391b FR    G11b(2). #1 Ind incumbent Hse cand on services/spend
         V001392a TB    G11b(1).T. Dem Hse cand on services/spending
         V001392b TB    G11b(2).T. #1 Ind incumbent Hse cand on serv/spend
         V001393a TB    G11b1(1).T. Dem cand- how much reduce services/spend
         V001393b TB    G11b1(2).T. #2 Ind incumbnt Hse cand- how much red
         V001394a TB    G11b2(1).T. Dem Hse cand-how much incrsease ser/sp
         V001394b TB    G11b2(2).T. #1 Ind incumbent Hse cand- how much incr
         V001395a TB    G11b3(1).T. Dem Hse cnd- if serv/spnd chnged, inc/dec
         V001395b TB    G11b3(2).T. #1 Ind inc Hse cand- if chnged, incr/decr
V001396            B    G11bx1. Summary Dem cand serv/spend - branching
V001396a           BR   G11bx2. Summary Dem cand serv/spend -branch & scale
                        -----------------------------------------------------
         V001397a FR    G11c(1). Repub House candidate on services/spend
         V001397b FR    G11c(2). #2 Ind inc Hse cand on services/spending
         V001398a TB    G11c(1).T. Rep Hse cand on services/spending
         V001398b TB    G11c(2).T. #2 Ind incumbent Hse cand on services/spnd
         V001399a TB    G11c1(1).T. Rep Hse cand- how much reduce services/sp
         V001399b TB    G11c1(2).T. #2 Ind incumbent Hse cand- how much reduc
         V001400a TB    G11c2(1).T. Rep Hse cand-how much incrsease serv/spd
         V001400b TB    G11c2(2).T. #2 Ind incumbent Hse cand- how much incre
         V001401a TB    G11c3(1).T. Rep Hse cand- if serv/spend chngd, inc/de
         V001401b TB    G11c3(2).T. #2 Ind incumbt Hse cand- if srv/spd chang
V001402                 G11cx1. Summary Rep cand serv/spend plcmt -branching
V001402a                G11cx2. Summary Rep cand serv/spend -branch & scale

                        G12 - ABORTION
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001403                 G12/G12.T. R placement- abortion scale
V001404                 G12a. How important is abortion issue to R
V001405                 G12b. Checkpoint: number of cands/VT01/VA05
V001405a                G12b(1)/G12b(1).T. Dem Hse cand placmt on abortion
V001405b                G12b(2)/G12b(2).T. #1 Ind inc cand plac on abort
V001406a                G12b1(1)/G12b1(1).T. Dem Hse cand-cetainty of plcmt
V001406b                G12b1(2)/G12b1(2).T. #1 Ind inc cnd-certainty of plc
V001407a                G12c(1)/G12c(1).T. Rep Hse cand placmt on abortion
V001407b                G12c(2)/G12c(2).T. #2 Ind inc cand placmt on abort
V001408a                G12c1(1)/G12c1(1).T. Rep Hse cand-certainty of plct
V001408b                G12c1(2)/G12c1(2).T. #2 Ind inc cnd-certainty of plc

                        G13 - PARTY ID WITHOUT INDEPENDENT MENTION
                        ----------------------------------------------------
V001409                 G13. R thinks of themself as Republican or Democrat

                        H1-H3 - R'S FINANCIAL SITUATION
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001410                 H1. R better/worse off in last year financially
V001411a                H1a. How much better off in last yer financially
V001411b                H1b. How much worse off last year financially
V001412                 H1x1. Summary of R's financial situation in last year
V001412a                H1x2. Pre & Post Summary of R's financial situation
V001413                 H2. Put off medical or dental treatmnt in last year
V001413a                H2x. Pre & post- Put off medical or dental treatmnt
V001415                 H3a. How much better off next year financially
V001416                 H3b. How much worse off next year financially
V001417                 H3x. Summary: R financial expectations in next year
V001417a                H3x. Pre & post Summary: R financial expectations 

                        H4 - FEAR OF BEING ASSAULT VICTIM
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001418                 H4. How afraid is R of assault in next year

                        J1- JURY DUTY
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001419                 J1. R's attitude about serving on jury duty

                        J2 - GOVERNMENT ROLE AND SELF-RELIANCE
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001420                 J2a. Less govt, or more things government should do
V001421                 J2b. Strong govt to handle cmplx prbls or free mrket
V001422                 J2c. Reason govt is bigger- meddlesome or big prblms
V001423                 J2d. Better cooperative or self-reliant

                        J3-J10 -  MEDIA/INTERNET EXPOSURE AND INFORMATION
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001424                 J3. # times R watched jeopardy
V001425                 J4. # times R watched wheel of fortune
V001426                 J5. # times R watched morning news
V001427                 J6. # times R watched daytime talk show
V001428                 J7. Network news program R watches most
V001429                 J8. How much can you trust the media
V001430                 J9. Does R listen to political talk radio
V001431                 J9a. How often does R listen to talk radio
V001432                 J9b. How closely does R listen to talk radio
V001433                 J10. Does R have Internet or WWW access
V001434                 J10a. Has R seen election info on Internet

                        J11- DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PARTIES
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001435                 J11. Important differences b/w Reps/Dems
V001436a                J11a1(1). #1 difference b/w Reps/Dems
V001436b                J11a1(2). #1 party refnce b/w Reps/Dems
V001436c                J11a2(1). #2 difference b/w Reps/Dems
V001436d                J11a2(2). #2 party refnce b/w Reps/Dems
V001436e                J11a3(1). #3 difference b/w Reps/Dems
V001436f                J11a3(2). #3 party refnce b/w Reps/Dems
V001436g                J11a4(1). #4 difference b/w Reps/Dems
V001436h                J11a4(2). #4 party refnce b/w Reps/Dems
V001436j                J11a5(1). #5 difference b/w Reps/Dems
V001436k                J11a5(2). #5 party refnce b/w Reps/Dems
V001436m                J11a6(1). #6 difference b/w Reps/Dems
V001436n                J11a6(2). #6 party refnce b/w Reps/Dems

                        K1- GROUP INFLUENCE: TOO MUCH, TOO LITTLE, RIGHT AMT
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001437                 K1a. Whites influence
V001438                 K1b. Blacks influence
V001439                 K1c. Hispanics influence
V001440                 K1d. Asian-Americans influence
V001441                 K1e. Jews influence
V001442                 K1f. Protestants influence
V001443                 K1g. Catholics influence
V001444                 K1h. Men influence
V001445                 K1j. Women influence

                        K2 - OFFICE RECOGNITION OF POLITICAL FIGURES
                        ------------------------------------------------------

         V001446a S     K2a. Identify Trent Lott -standard
         V001446b E     K2a.E. Identify Trent Lott -experimental
V001447                 K2ax. Summary identify Trent Lott
         V001448  E     K2a1.E. Identify Trent Lott- DK probe used
                      --------------------------------------------------------
         V001449a S     K2b. Identify William Rehnquist -standard 
         V001449b E     K2b.E. Identify William Rehnquist -experimental
V001450                 K2bx. Summary identify William Rehnquist
         V001451  E     K2b1.E. Identify William Rehnquist - DK probe used
                       -------------------------------------------------------
         V001452a S     K2c. Identify Tony Blair -standard
         V001452b E     K2c.E. Identify Tony Blair-experimental
V001453                 K2cx. Summary identify Tony Blair
         V001454  E     K2c1.E. Identify Tony Blair - DK probe used
                        ------------------------------------------------------ 
         V001455a S     K2d. Identify Janet Reno -standard
         V001455b E     K2d.E. Identify Janet Reno -experimental
V001456                 K2dx. Summary identify Janet Reno
         V001457  E     K2d1.E. Identify Janet Reno -DK probe used

                        K3-K4 -  KNOWLEDGE ABOUT PRESIDENTIAL  CANDIDATES
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001458                 K3a. In what state does Bush live
V001459                 K3a1. Respondent was probed for DK answer
V001460                 K3b. What is Bush's religion
V001461                 K3b1. Respondent was probed for DK answer
V001462                 K4a. What state is Gore from
V001463                 K4a1. Respondent was probed for DK answer
V001464                 K4b. What is Gore's religion
V001465                 K4b1. Respondent was probed for DK answer

                        K5-K6 -  KNOWLEDGE ABOUT VICE-PRESIDENTIAL  CANDIDATES
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001466                 K5a. In what state does Cheney live
V001467                 K5a1. Respondent was probed for DK answer
V001468                 K5b. What is Cheney's religion
V001469                 K5b1. Respondent was probed for DK answer
V001470                 K6a. In what state does Lieberman live
V001471                 K6a1. Respondent was probed for DK answer
V001472                 K6b. What is Lieberman's religion
V001473                 K6b1. Respondent was probed for DK answer

                        K7 - INVOLVEMENT IN VOLUNTEER WORK
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001474                 K7. Volunteer work in last year

                        K8-K10 - TRUST IN PEOPLE
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001475                 K8. Are people trustworthy
V001476                 K9. People take advantage or act fairly
V001477                 K10. People helpful or selfish

                        K11 - DISCRIMINATION AGAINST HOMOSEXUALS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001478                 K11. Fav/opp laws protect against job discrm homosexu
V001479                 K11a. How much favor law protecting homosexuals
V001480                 K11b. How much oppose law protecting homosexuals
V001481                 K11x. Summary protctng homosxls against job discrim

                        K12 - WAYS TO REDUCE CRIME
                        ----------------------------------------------------

         V001482  FR    K12a. R placmnt crime -address social prblms/punish
         V001482a TB    K12a.T. R placmnt crime -address social prbl/punish
         V001483  TB    K12a1.T. How much btr is approach -adressing social
         V001484  TB    K12a2.T. How much btr is approach -punishing crimls
         V001485  TB    K12a3.T. If had to choose, which approach is better
V001486            B    K12ax. Summary branch- R plcmnt on approach
V001486a           BR   K12ax. Summary brh & scale- R plcmt on approach

                        K13-K14 -WORRY ABOUT WAR
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001487                 K13. How worried is R about nuclear war
V001488                 K14. How worried is R about conventional war

                        K15-K16 - CAMPAIGN FINANCE
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001489                 K15a. Campn fin- protect govt from infl or individ 
V001490                 K16. How should the financing of campaigns change


                        (there are no items Ll-L4)
                        L5-L7 - INVOLVEMENT WITH COMMUNITY OR ISSUE
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001491                 L5. Worked on community issue in last year
V001492                 L6. Contacted public official to express in last year
V001493                 L7. Attend commun meeting about issue in last year

                        L8 - ORGANIZATIONAL INVOLVEMENT AND INFLUENCE
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001494                 L8. Is R a member of any organizations
V001495                 L8a. How many organizations is R currently a member
V001496                 L8b. 1 org-how many hours per week spent for org
V001497                 L8c. 1 org-do orgs try to influence government
V001498                 L8d. 1 org-does org try to influence schools
V001499                 L8bb. 2+ org-how many hours per week spent for org
V001500                 L8cc. 2+ org-does org try to inflnce government
V001501                 L8dd. 2+ org-does org try to inflnce schools
V001502                 L8x1. Summary hours per week spent for org
V001503                 L8x2. Summary org influence schools
V001504                 L8x3. Summary org influence government
V001505                 L9. Contributed to church or charity in last year

                        L10 -  PROTEST
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001506                 L10. Taken part in Protest or march in last year
V001507                 L10a. How many times protested/marched

                        M3 -  POSITION OF BLACKS IN SOCIETY
                              (there are no items m1-m2)
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001508                 M3a/M3a.T. Blks should overcome prejudice w/o favors
V001509                 M3b/M3b.T. Blacks have gotten less than they deserve
V001510                 M3c/M3c.T. If blks wld try harder they cld be welloff 
V001511                 M3d/M3d.T. Past discrim impacts blks today

                        N1 -  POWER OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001512                 N1. R have opinion on strength of federal govt
V001513                 N1a. Govt is getting too powerful or not too strong
V001514                 N1a1. Should govt become more powerful
V001515                 N1b. Which party favors a strong federal govt

                        N2-  POLITICAL EFFICACY OF THE RESPONDENT
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001516                 N2a/N2a.T. Does R have good undrstdg of pol issues
V001517                 N2b/N2b.T. R well-qulfd to participate in politics
V001518                 N2c/N2c.T. Could do good job in public office
V001519                 N2d/N2d.T. Better informed about govt than most
V001520                 N3. Does R believe their vote matters

                        P1 - EGALITARIANISM
                        ----------------------------------------------------
V001521                 P1a/P1a.T. Society needs to give everyone equal oppr
V001522                 P1b/P1b.T. We've pushed equal rights too far
V001523                 P1c/P1c.T. We don't give everyone equal chance     
V001524                 P1d/P1d.T. Better if we worried less about equality
V001525                 P1e/P1e.T. OK if some people have more chances than
V001526                 P1f/P1f.T. We'd have fewr probs if people treated eq

                        Q1 -  EXTERNAL POLITICAL EFFICACY
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001527                 Q1a/Q1a.T. Public officials don't care
V001528                 Q1b/Q1b.T. People dont have say in govt
V001529                 Q1c/Q1c.T. Politics too complicated

                        Q2 -  MORAL TRADITIONALISM
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001530                 Q2a/Q2a.T. New morals are causing society breakdown
V001531                 Q2b/Q2b.T. Should adjust views to chgd moral behav
V001532                 Q2c/Q2c.T. Less prblms if emphasize trad family ties
V001533                 Q2d/Q2d.T. Should tolerate other's morality

                        Q3-Q6 -  TRUST IN GOVERNMENT / MASS SUPPORT
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001534                 Q3a. How much can govt be trusted
V001535                 Q4. How much of taxes does govt waste
V001536                 Q5. Govt run by big intersts or for benefit of all
V001537                 Q6. How many in govt are crooked

                        Q7-Q8 - GOVERNMENT RESPONSIVENESS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001538                 Q7. Elections make govt pay attention
V001539                 Q8. Attn govt pays to people when making decisions

                        R1-  GROUPS R FEELS CLOSE TO
                        ----------------------------------------------------

         V001540  F     R1a. Close to whites FTF
         V001540a T     R1a.T. Close to whites phone
V001541                 R1ax. Summary close to whites
         V001542  F     R1b. Close to poor people FTF
         V001542a T     R1b.T. Close to poor people phone
V001543                 R1bx. Summary close to poor people
         V001544  F     R1c. Close to Asian Americans FTF
         V001544a T     R1c.T. Close to Asian americans phone
V001545                 R1cx. Summary close to Asian Americans
         V001546  F     R1d. Close to liberals FTF
         V001546a T     R1d.T. Close to liberals phone
V001547                 R1dx. Summary close to liberals
         V001548  F     R1e. Close to elderly FTF
         V001548a T     R1e.T. Close to elderly phone
V001549                 R1ex. Summary close to elderly
         V001550  F     R1f. Close to blacks FTF
         V001550a T     R1f.T. Close to blacks phone
V001551                 R1fx. Summary close to blacks
         V001552  F     R1g. Close to labor unions FTF
         V001552a T     R1g.T. Close to labor unions phone
V001553                 R1gx. Summary close to labor unions
         V001554  F     R1h. Close to feminists FTF
         V001554a T     R1h.T. Close to feminists phone
V001555                 R1hx. Summary close to feminists
         V001556  F     R1j. Close to southerners FTF
         V001556a T     R1j.T. Close to southerners phone
V001557                 R1jx. Summary close to southerners
         V001558  F     R1k. Close to business people FTF
         V001558a T     R1k.T. Close to business people phone
V001559                 R1kx. Summary close to business people
         V001560  F     R1m. Close to young people FTF
         V001560a T     R1m.T. Close to young people phone
V001561                 R1mx. Summary close to young people
         V001562  F     R1n. Close to conservatives FTF
         V001562a T     R1n.T. Close to conservatives phone
V001563                 R1nx. Summary close to conservatives
         V001564  F     R1p. Close to Hispanic-Americans FTF
         V001564a T     R1p.T. Close to Hispanic-Americans ph
V001565                 R1px. Summary close to Hispanic-Amrcs
         V001566  F     R1q. Close to women FTF
         V001566a T     R1q.T. Close to women phone
V001567                 R1qx. Summary close to women
         V001568  F     R1r. Close to working-class FTF
         V001568a T     R1r.T. Close to working-class phone
V001569                 R1rx. Summary close to working-class
         V001570  F     R1s .Close to middle-class FTF
         V001570a T     R1s.T. Close to middle-class phone
V001571                 R1sx. Summary close to middle-class
         V001572  F     R1t. Close to men FTF
         V001572a T     R1t.T. Close to men phone
V001573                 R1tx. Summary close to men

                        R2-R4 - CHARACTERISTICS OF RACIAL GROUPS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001574                 R2a/R2a.T. Hardworking- whites
V001575                 R2b/R2b.T. Hardworking- blacks
V001576                 R2c/R2c.T. Hardworking- Hispanic-America
V001577                 R2d/R2d.T. Hardworking- Asian-American
V001578                 R3a/R3a.T. Intelligence- whites
V001579                 R3b/R3b.T. Intelligence- blacks
V001580                 R3c/R3c.T. Intelligence- Hispanic-Americ
V001581                 R3d/R3d.T. Intelligence- Asian-American
V001582                 R4a/R4a.T. Trustworthy- whites
V001583                 R4b/R4b.T. Trustworthy- blacks
V001584                 R4c/R4c.T. Trustworthy- Hispanic-America
V001585                 R4d/R4d.T. Trustworthy- Asian-American

                        R5- QUALITIES TO ENCOURAGE IN CHILDREN
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001586                 R5a. Independence or respect for elders
V001587                 R5b. Obedience or self-reliance
V001588                 R5c. Curiosity or good manners
V001589                 R5d. Considerate or well behaved
                       
                        S1-S11 - CLINTON LEGACY
                            (Rs were asked Clinton Legacy in either pre 
                             or post.  See summary variables "..x1" for 
                             full sample)
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001590                 S1.  Budget deficit lar/smal since 1992
V001591                 S1a. Deficit much/somewhat smaller
V001591a                S1b. Deficit much/somewhat larger
V001592                 S1x. Summary - budget deficit since 92
V001592a                S1x1. Summary pre & post - budget deficit
V001593                 S2. Spending on poor inc/dec since 92
V001594                 S2a. Spend poor a lot/somwhat more/less
V001595                 S2x. Summary - spending on poor since 92
V001595a                S2x1. Summary pre & post - spending on poor
V001596                 S3. Economy better/worse since 1992
V001597                 S3a. Economy much/somewhat better
V001598                 S3b. Economy much/somewhat worse
V001599                 S3x. Summary - economy since 1992
V001599a                S3x1. Summary pre & post - econ since 92
V001600                 S4. Clinton made economy better/worse since 92
V001601                 S4a. Clinton made econ much/somewhat better
V001602                 S4b. Clinton made econ much/somewhat worse
V001603                 S4x. Summary - Clinton made econ better/worse
V001603a                S4x1. Summary pre & post - Clinton made econ
V001604                 S5. Clinton admin hurt/help R personally
V001604                 S5. Summary pre & post Clinton admin hurt/help
V001605                 S6. U.S. more/less secure since 1992
V001606                 S6a. U.S. much/somewhat more secure
V001607                 S6b. U.S. much/somewhat less secure
V001608                 S6x. Summary - U.S. security
V001608a                S6x1. Summary pre & post - U.S. security
V001609                 S7. Clinton made U.S. more/less secure
V001610                 S7a. Clinton made much/smwht more secure
V001611                 S7b. Clinton made much/smwhat less secur
V001612                 S7x. Summ-Clinton impact on U.S. security
V001612a                S7x1. Summ pre & post- Clinton impact on secur
V001613                 S8. U.S. crime rate better/wors since 92
V001614                 S8a. U.S. crime rate much/smwht better
V001615                 S8b. U.S. crime rate much/smwht worse
V001616                 S8x. Summary - U.S. crime rate
V001616a                S8x1. Summary pre & post - U.S. crime rate
V001617                 S9. Clinton made crime rate better/worse
V001618                 S9a. Clinton made crime rate much/smwht bettr
V001619                 S9b. Clinton made crime rate much/smwht worse
V001620                 S9x. Summ-Clinton impact on crime rate
V001620a                S9x1.Summ pre & post - Clinton impact on crime
V001621                 S10. Moral climate better/worse since 92
V001622                 S10a.Moral climate much/smwht better
V001623                 S10b. Moral climate much/smwht worse
V001624                 S10x. Summary - moral climate since 92
V001624a                S10x1. Summ pre & post - moral climate since 92
V001625                 S11. Clinton made moral climate better/worse
V001626                 S11a. Clinton made moral clim mch/s better
V001627                 S11b. Clinton made moral clim mch/s worse
V001628                 S11x. Summ-Clinton impact on moral climate
V001628a                S11x1.Summ pre & post- Clinton impact on moral climate

                       
                        S14 - CLINTON AFFECTS
                         (Rs were asked Clinton Affects & traits in 
                         either pre or post.  See summary variables for
                         full sample)
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001629                 S14a. Clinton makes R angry
V001629a                S14ax. Summ pre & post Clinton - angry
V001630                 S14a1. How often Clinton makes R angry
V001630a                S14a1x. Summ pre & post - how often angry
V001631                 S14b. Clinton makes R hopeful
V001631a                S14bx. Summ pre & post Clinton -hopeful
V001632                 S14b1. How often Clinton make R hopeful
V001632a                S14b1x. Summ pre & post - how often hopeful
V001633                 S14c. Clinton makes R afraid
V001633a                S14cx. Summ pre & post Clinton - afraid
V001634                 S15c1. How often Clinton makes R afraid
V001634a                S14c1x. Summ pre & post - how often afraid
V001635                 S14d. Clinton makes R proud
V001635a                S14dx. Summ pre & post Clinton - proud
V001636                 S14d1. How often Clinton makes R proud
V001636a                S14d1x. Summ pre & post - how often proud

                        S15 - CLINTON TRAITS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001637                 S15a. Clinton trait - moral
V001637a                S15ax. Summ pre & post-Clinton trait - moral
V001638                 S15b. Clinton trait-cares about people
V001638a                S15bx. Summ pre & post-Clinton trait-cares
V001639                 S15c. Clinton trait - knowledgeable
V001639a                S15cx. Summ pre & post-Clinton knowledgeable
V001640                 S15d. Clinton trait-strong leadership
V001640a                S15dx. Summ pre & post-Clinton leadership
V001641                 S15e. Clinton trait - dishonest
V001641a                S15ex. Summ pre & post-Clinton dishonest
V001642                 S15f. Clinton trait - intelligent
V001642a                S15fx. Summ pre & post-Clinton-intelligent
V001643                 S15g. Clinton trait - out of touch
V001643a                S15gx. Summ pre & post-Clinton out of touch

                        T1-T4 - CAMPAIGN MEDIA EXPOSURE
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001644                 T1. Did R watch a Pres debate on tv
V001645                 T1a. Did R watch an entire or just part of debate
V001646                 T2. Did R listen to campaign speeches or diss on radio
V001647                 T2a. How much did R listen to radio speeches & diss
V001648                 T3/T3.T. How much attention to Pres campaign news
V001649                 T4/T4.T. How much attention to Cong campaign news

                        T5 - OPINION ABOUT TWO PARTY SYSTEM
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001650                 T5/T5.T. Two parties, no labels, or new party

                        T6 -  DEMOCRACY IN THE UNITED STATES
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001651                 T6. Is R satisfied with US Democracy

                        V1-V4 - BUSH LEGACY
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001652                 V1. Bush effect on US economy
V001653                 V1a. How much better Bush made economy
V001654                 V1b. How much worse Bush made economy
V001655                 V1x. Summary: Bush effect on economy
V001656                 V2. Bush made US more secure
V001657                 V2a. Bush made US how much more secure
V001658                 V2b. Bush made US how much less secure
V001659                 V2x. Summary: Bush effect on security
V001660                 V3. Bush effect on US crime rate
V001661                 V3a. Bush made crime rate how mch better
V001662                 V3b. Bush made crime rate how much worse
V001663                 V3x. Summary: Bush effect on crime
V001664                 V4. Bush effect on moral climate
V001665                 V4a. Bush moral climate how much better
V001666                 V4b. Bush moral climate how much worse
V001667                 V4x. Summary: Bush effect on moral climate

                        V5 - TRAITS - FORMER PRESIDENT BUSH
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001668                 V5a. Bush trait - moral
V001669                 V5b. Bush trait - cares about people
V001670                 V5c. Bush trait - knowledgeable
V001671                 V5d. Bush trait - strong leadership
V001672                 V5e. Bush trait - dishonest
V001673                 V5f. Bush trait - intelligent
V001674                 V5g. Bush trait - out of touch

                        Y5-Y17 - CHARACTERISTICS OF WORK COLLEAGUES
                        ----------------------------------------------------
                        (there are no items y1-y4)

V001675                 Y5. Is R currently working
V001676a                Y6a. Why is R not working, reason 1
V001676b                Y6b. Why is R not working, reason 2
V001676c                Y6c. Why is R not working, reason 3
V001677                 Y7. Workers: How satisfied is R with work
V001678                 Y7a. WRKS: Does R spend work time with people
V001679                 Y8.  WRKS: Rs coworkers looking out for themselves
V001680                 Y8a. WRKS: Do Rs coworkers try to take advantage 
V001681                 Y8b. WRKS: Do Rs coworkers treat others with respect
V001682                 Y8c. WRKS: Does honest describe Rs coworkers
V001683                 Y8d. WRKS:Racial diversity of Rs coworkers
V001684                 Y10. Laid off:Does R spend days alone/with others
V001685                 Y11.  LOff: Rs coworkers just looking out for selves
V001686                 Y11a. LOff: Do Rs coworkers try to take advantage 
V001687                 Y11b. LOff:Do Rs coworkers treat others with respect
V001688                 Y11c. LOFF: Does honest describe Rs coworkers
V001689                 Y15. Retired:Does R spend days alone/with others
V001690                 Y16.  RET:Rs coworker look out for themselves
V001691                 Y16a. RET:Did Rs coworkers try to take advantage
V001692                 Y16b. RET:Were Rs coworkers respectful
V001693                 Y16c. RET: Does honest describe Rs coworkers
V001694                 Y17x. Summary: R work with others
V001695                 Y18x. Summary: co-workers look out for selves
V001696                 Y18ax. Summary: co-workers try to take advantage
V001697                 Y18bx. Summary: co-workers treat others w/respect
V001698                 Y18cx. Summary: co-workers honest

                        Z1-Z24 - POLITICAL DISCUSSION IN SOCIAL NETWORK
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001699                 Z1. Person R discusses politics with: name 1
V001700                 Z3. Person R discusses politics with: name 2
V001701                 Z5. Person R discusses politics with: name 3
V001702                 Z7. Person R discusses politics with: name 4
V001703                 Z9. Is name 1 relative
V001704                 Z9a. Is name 1 male or female
V001705                 Z9b. Is name 1 coworker
V001706                 Z9c. Does name 1 go to church with R
V001707                 Z9d. Is name 1 a neighbor
V001708                 Z10. How often does R discuss politics w/name 1
V001709                 Z11. How much does name 1 know about politics
V001710                 Z12. How name 1 voted in election
                        ----------------------------------------------------
V001711                 Z13. Is name 2 relative
V001712                 Z13a. Is name 2 male or female
V001713                 Z13b. Is name 2 coworker
V001714                 Z13c. Does name 2 go to church with R
V001715                 Z13d. Is name 2 a neighbor
V001716                 Z14. How often does R discuss politics w/name 2
V001717                 Z15. How much does name 2 know about politics
V001718                 Z16. How name 2 voted in election
                        ---------------------------------------------------
V001719                 Z17. Is name 3 relative
V001720                 Z17a. Is name 3 male or female
V001721                 Z17b. Is name 3 coworker
V001722                 Z17c. Does name 3 go to church with R
V001723                 Z17d. Is name 3 a neighbor
V001724                 Z18. How often does R discuss politics w/name 3
V001725                 Z19. How much does name 3 know about politics
V001726                 Z20. How name 3 voted in election
                        --------------------------------------------------
V001727                 Z21. Is name 4 relative
V001728                 Z21a. Is name 4 male or female
V001729                 Z21b. Is name 4 coworker
V001730                 Z21c. Does name 4 go to church with R
V001731                 Z21d. Is name 4 a neighbor
V001732                 Z22. How often does R discuss politics w/name 4
V001733                 Z23. How much does name 4 know about politics
V001734                 Z24. How name 4 voted in election

                        Z25-Z29 - R'S NEIGHBORHOOD
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001735                 Z25. Has R worked with neighbor on common issue/year
V001736                 Z26. How satisfied is R with neighbrhood
V001737                 Z27. Are neighbors just looking out for themselves
V001738                 Z27a. Do neighbors try to take advantage of others
V001739                 Z27b. Do neighbors treat others w/respect
V001740                 Z27c. Does honest describe neighbors
V001741                 Z27d. What is the racial diversity of neighborhood

                        Z28 - R'S SATISFACTION WITH LIFE
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001742                 Z28. How satisfying is Rs life

                        ZZ1-ZZ8 - INTERVIEWER OBSERVATION
                        ----------------------------------------------------

         V001743a F     ZZ1(1). Others present for interview
         V001743b F     ZZ1(2). Others present for interview
         V001743c F     ZZ1(3). Others present for interview
V001744                 ZZ2. Rs cooperation
V001745                 ZZ3. Rs knowledge of politics
V001746                 ZZ4. Rs apparent intelligence
V001747                 ZZ5. How suspicious did R seem
V001748                 ZZ6. How great Rs interest in IW
V001749                 ZZ7. How sincere did R seem
V001750                 ZZ7a. Areas IWR doubted sincerity
V001751a                ZZ11(1). Rs reaction to IW
V001751b                ZZ11(2). Rs reaction to IW
V001751c                ZZ11(3). Rs reaction to IW
V001751d                ZZ11(4). Rs reaction to IW
V001751e                ZZ11(5). Rs reaction to IW
V001751f                ZZ11(6). Rs reaction to IW
V001751g                ZZ11(7). Rs reaction to IW

                        POST RANDOMIZATION DESCRIPTIONS
                        ----------------------------------------------------

V001752                 Post-Rand.C9(2).
V001753                 Post-Rand.D2b-D2d.
V001754                 Post-Rand.D2g.
V001755                 Post-Rand.D2h.
V001756                 Post-Rand.D2j.
V001757                 Post-Rand.D2k.
V001758                 Post-Rand.D2m.
V001759                 Post-Rand.D2n.
V001760                 Post-Rand.D3a.
V001761                 Post-Rand.D3b.
V001762                 Post-Rand.D3c.
V001763                 Post-Rand.D3d.
V001764                 Post-Rand.D3e.
V001765                 Post-Rand.D3f.
V001766                 Post-Rand.D3g.
V001767                 Post-Rand.D3h.
V001768                 Post-Rand.D3j.
V001769                 Post-Rand.D3k.
V001770                 Post-Rand.D3m.
V001771                 Post-Rand.D3n.
V001772                 Post-Rand.D3p.
V001773                 Post-Rand.D3q.
V001774                 Post-Rand.D3r.
V001775                 Post-Rand.D3s.
V001776                 Post-Rand.D3t.
V001777                 Post-Rand.D3u.
V001778                 Post-Rand.D3v.
V001779                 Post-Rand.D3w.
V001780                 Post-Rand.D3x.
V001781                 Post-Rand.D3xx.
V001782                 Post-Rand.D3y.
V001783                 Post-Rand.D3z.
V001784                 Post-Rand.E1/E3.
V001785                 Post-Rand.G3-G5.
V001786                 Post-Rand.G6-G7.
V001787                 Post-Rand.G8-G10.
V001788                 Post-Rand.G11b/c.
V001789                 Post-Rand.G12b/c.
V001790                 Post-Rand.R2b-R2d.
V001791                 Post-Rand.R3b-R3d.
V001792                 Post-Rand.R4b-R4d.
V001793                 Post-Rand.S14a.
V001794                 Post-Rand.S14b.
V001795                 Post-Rand.S14c.
V001796                 Post-Rand.S14d.
V001797                 Post-Rand.S15a.
V001798                 Post-Rand.S15b.
V001799                 Post-Rand.S15c.
V001800                 Post-Rand.S15d.
V001801                 Post-Rand.S15e.
V001802                 Post-Rand.S15f.
V001803                 Post-Rand.S15g.
V001804                 Post-Rand.V5a.
V001805                 Post-Rand.V5b.
V001806                 Post-Rand.V5c.
V001807                 Post-Rand.V5d.
V001808                 Post-Rand.V5e.
V001809                 Post-Rand.V5f.
V001810                 Post-Rand.V5g.  





