The ANES Guide to Public Opinion and Electoral Behavior
Which Party Better Able to Keep U.S. Out of War 1956-2008
PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED : "Democrats"
'56 | '58 | '60 | '62 | '64 | '66 | '68 | '70 | '72 | '74 | '76 | '78 | '80 | '82 | '84 | '86 | '88 | '90 | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '08 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Males | 9 | ** | 15 | ** | 37 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 13 | ** | ** | ** | 29 | 17 | 23 | 20 | 16 | ** | 18 | ** | 12 | ** | 22 | ** | 41 | 48 |
Females | 6 | ** | 15 | ** | 38 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 14 | ** | ** | ** | 25 | 19 | 22 | 12 | 17 | ** | 18 | ** | 11 | ** | 19 | ** | 43 | 50 |
White non-Hispanic | 7 | ** | 16 | ** | 35 | 9 | 9 | 12 | 11 | ** | ** | ** | 25 | 16 | 21 | 18 | 14 | ** | 16 | ** | 10 | ** | 17 | ** | 39 | 46 |
Black non-Hispanic | 10 | ** | 13 | ** | 59 | 22 | 43 | 34 | 36 | ** | ** | ** | 38 | 31 | 35 | 4 | 28 | ** | 28 | ** | 23 | ** | 36 | ** | 53 | 67 |
Hispanic | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | 23 | 19 | 33 | 29 | ** | ** | ** | 22 | 23 | 17 | 12 | 22 | ** | 20 | ** | 14 | ** | 19 | ** | 40 | 46 |
Race oth/mult non-Hisp | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | 0 | 50 | 25 | 0 | ** | ** | ** | 13 | 0 | 16 | 21 | 32 | ** | 19 | ** | 2 | ** | 25 | ** | 50 | 64 |
Grade Sch./Some High Sch. | 8 | ** | 10 | ** | 34 | 8 | 15 | 18 | 14 | ** | ** | ** | 28 | 24 | 20 | 7 | 15 | ** | 21 | ** | 26 | ** | 24 | ** | 31 | 28 |
High School Diploma | 7 | ** | 17 | ** | 40 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 12 | ** | ** | ** | 24 | 14 | 20 | 13 | 16 | ** | 16 | ** | 11 | ** | 18 | ** | 33 | 43 |
Some College, no Degree | 7 | ** | 19 | ** | 39 | 11 | 12 | 15 | 16 | ** | ** | ** | 29 | 21 | 24 | 20 | 16 | ** | 18 | ** | 12 | ** | 21 | ** | 44 | 52 |
College Degree/ Post-grad | 9 | ** | 18 | ** | 38 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 16 | ** | ** | ** | 29 | 18 | 28 | 19 | 20 | ** | 21 | ** | 10 | ** | 22 | ** | 56 | 58 |
Income 0-16 Percentile | 8 | ** | 11 | ** | 37 | 8 | 15 | 14 | 21 | ** | ** | ** | 27 | 21 | 27 | 11 | 19 | ** | 21 | ** | 15 | ** | 23 | ** | 41 | 48 |
Income 17-33 Percentile | 8 | ** | 11 | ** | 37 | 9 | 16 | 18 | 21 | ** | ** | ** | 31 | 19 | 27 | 11 | 18 | ** | 20 | ** | 15 | ** | 17 | ** | 38 | 50 |
Income 34-67 Percentile | 8 | ** | 16 | ** | 42 | 12 | 11 | 16 | 11 | ** | ** | ** | 26 | 19 | 21 | 16 | 16 | ** | 17 | ** | 10 | ** | 18 | ** | 40 | 50 |
Income 68-95 Percentile | 8 | ** | 20 | ** | 36 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 10 | ** | ** | ** | 25 | 17 | 21 | 22 | 15 | ** | 17 | ** | 10 | ** | 26 | ** | 47 | 50 |
Income 96-100 Percentile | 7 | ** | 11 | ** | 36 | 10 | 9 | 16 | 7 | ** | ** | ** | 22 | 14 | 20 | 15 | 6 | ** | 11 | ** | 3 | ** | 13 | ** | 52 | 49 |
Professionals | 8 | ** | 20 | ** | 36 | ** | 11 | 10 | 13 | ** | ** | ** | 27 | 19 | 26 | 18 | 17 | ** | 18 | ** | 11 | ** | 20 | ** | 58 | ** |
White Collar | 8 | ** | 10 | ** | 36 | ** | 12 | 17 | 16 | ** | ** | ** | 27 | 12 | 21 | 16 | 15 | ** | 19 | ** | 17 | ** | 17 | ** | 37 | ** |
Blue Collar | 9 | ** | 17 | ** | 41 | ** | 15 | 17 | 14 | ** | ** | ** | 27 | 19 | 24 | 15 | 18 | ** | 19 | ** | 9 | ** | 23 | ** | 34 | ** |
Unskilled | 11 | ** | 17 | ** | 50 | ** | 26 | 36 | 23 | ** | ** | ** | 23 | 23 | 26 | 16 | 15 | ** | 15 | ** | 29 | ** | 26 | ** | 33 | ** |
Farmers | 8 | ** | 6 | ** | 24 | ** | 15 | 11 | 8 | ** | ** | ** | 22 | 9 | 9 | 16 | 16 | ** | 10 | ** | 0 | ** | 13 | ** | 40 | ** |
Housewives | 5 | ** | 15 | ** | 37 | ** | 10 | 13 | 10 | ** | ** | ** | 20 | 19 | 17 | 12 | 13 | ** | 17 | ** | 6 | ** | 16 | ** | 27 | ** |
Union Households | 9 | ** | 20 | ** | 47 | 16 | 15 | 18 | 13 | ** | ** | ** | 33 | 19 | 26 | 15 | 18 | ** | 20 | ** | 12 | ** | 23 | ** | 46 | 56 |
Non-Union Households | 7 | ** | 14 | ** | 35 | 9 | 12 | 13 | 14 | ** | ** | ** | 24 | 17 | 21 | 16 | 16 | ** | 17 | ** | 12 | ** | 19 | ** | 41 | 48 |
South | 10 | ** | 17 | ** | 35 | 8 | 15 | 13 | 15 | ** | ** | ** | 28 | 18 | 19 | 15 | 15 | ** | 19 | ** | 12 | ** | 20 | ** | 41 | 42 |
Nonsouth | 7 | ** | 15 | ** | 39 | 11 | 12 | 15 | 13 | ** | ** | ** | 26 | 18 | 24 | 16 | 17 | ** | 17 | ** | 12 | ** | 20 | ** | 42 | 54 |
Born 1991 or later | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
Born 1975-1990 | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | 0 | ** | 7 | ** | 18 | ** | 51 | 53 |
Born 1959-1974 | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | 34 | 15 | 24 | 15 | 19 | ** | 22 | ** | 11 | ** | 21 | ** | 43 | 55 |
Born 1943-1958 | ** | ** | ** | ** | 42 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 17 | ** | ** | ** | 29 | 23 | 24 | 17 | 18 | ** | 19 | ** | 12 | ** | 21 | ** | 39 | 48 |
Born 1927-1942 | 6 | ** | 17 | ** | 45 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | ** | ** | ** | 22 | 15 | 18 | 20 | 15 | ** | 13 | ** | 12 | ** | 19 | ** | 33 | 33 |
Born 1911-1926 | 7 | ** | 16 | ** | 37 | 10 | 13 | 17 | 10 | ** | ** | ** | 25 | 14 | 24 | 11 | 13 | ** | 14 | ** | 14 | ** | 19 | ** | 36 | 44 |
Born 1895-1910 | 9 | ** | 14 | ** | 33 | 9 | 12 | 13 | 15 | ** | ** | ** | 24 | 15 | 20 | 8 | 16 | ** | 14 | ** | 5 | ** | 6 | ** | ** | ** |
Born before 1895 | 7 | ** | 13 | ** | 28 | 6 | 13 | 14 | 12 | ** | ** | ** | 33 | 0 | 25 | 0 | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
Democrats (incl leaners) | 14 | ** | 27 | ** | 53 | 17 | 21 | 25 | 22 | ** | ** | ** | 41 | 27 | 40 | 5 | 30 | ** | 27 | ** | 18 | ** | 33 | ** | 64 | 71 |
Independents | 2 | ** | 3 | ** | 17 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 7 | ** | ** | ** | 11 | 2 | 9 | 8 | 7 | ** | 8 | ** | 7 | ** | 10 | ** | 14 | 20 |
Republicans | 0 | ** | 3 | ** | 14 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | ** | ** | ** | 10 | 8 | 6 | 33 | 4 | ** | 9 | ** | 4 | ** | 7 | ** | 22 | 27 |
Liberals | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | 29 | ** | ** | ** | 44 | 37 | 47 | 11 | 33 | ** | 32 | ** | 21 | ** | 29 | ** | 66 | 78 |
Moderates | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | 12 | ** | ** | ** | 25 | 16 | 22 | 12 | 17 | ** | 14 | ** | 13 | ** | 25 | ** | 48 | 53 |
Conservatives | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | 7 | ** | ** | ** | 20 | 13 | 12 | 27 | 9 | ** | 13 | ** | 6 | ** | 14 | ** | 32 | 31 |