The ANES Guide to Public Opinion and Electoral Behavior

Read about Campaign in Newspapers 1952-2008

PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED : "No"

  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08
Males 16 ** 24 ** 16 ** 19 ** 21 ** 39 36 20 25 24 25 20 30 30 30 29 ** 41 ** 38 ** 31 ** 29
Females 24 ** 37 ** 23 ** 24 ** 27 ** 45 41 31 32 34 31 26 40 42 39 40 ** 49 ** 50 ** 35 ** 35
White non-Hispanic 18 ** 29 ** 18 ** 20 ** 24 ** 42 38 24 27 27 26 20 33 35 32 32 ** 43 ** 42 ** 30 ** 31
Black non-Hispanic 45 ** 61 ** 42 ** 33 ** 30 ** 50 51 43 37 42 36 31 48 43 44 46 ** 53 ** 55 ** 44 ** 36
Hispanic ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 64 ** 50 66 38 54 41 45 39 45 35 48 44 ** 50 ** 51 ** 44 ** 38
Race oth/mult non-Hisp ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 50 65 49 38 35 64 44 40 44 42 29 ** 49 ** 43 ** 23 ** 29
8th Grade or Lower 35 ** 52 ** 35 ** 42 ** 40 ** 57 66 51 53 50 55 52 61 42 61 52 ** 53 ** 69 ** 43 ** 36
High School (Grades 9-12) 13 ** 27 ** 16 ** 18 ** 26 ** 47 39 29 33 36 33 26 43 46 41 44 ** 56 ** 55 ** 40 ** 40
Some College, no Degree 6 ** 12 ** 6 ** 9 ** 11 ** 36 30 17 20 22 20 16 30 36 30 30 ** 42 ** 39 ** 37 ** 31
College Degree/ Post-grad 1 ** 4 ** 6 ** 7 ** 9 ** 16 16 7 11 8 10 8 14 18 11 21 ** 28 ** 31 ** 19 ** 24
Income 0-16 Percentile 43 ** 53 ** 44 ** 38 ** 40 ** 54 60 53 47 44 44 40 56 50 53 52 ** 52 ** 54 ** 42 ** 34
Income 17-33 Percentile 23 ** 41 ** 25 ** 22 ** 28 ** 50 50 29 35 39 36 30 39 42 42 41 ** 53 ** 47 ** 30 ** 28
Income 34-67 Percentile 18 ** 27 ** 16 ** 20 ** 21 ** 41 40 26 25 28 25 22 34 37 34 33 ** 45 ** 50 ** 38 ** 34
Income 68-95 Percentile 10 ** 20 ** 13 ** 15 ** 15 ** 36 23 17 19 17 17 13 27 29 22 27 ** 42 ** 37 ** 27 ** 33
Income 96-100 Percentile 5 ** 13 ** 4 ** 5 ** 17 ** 24 13 5 16 5 15 6 15 21 19 26 ** 27 ** 35 ** 22 ** 28
Professionals 6 ** 12 ** 6 ** 11 ** 13 ** 24 23 12 14 13 14 12 18 25 18 22 ** 33 ** 32 ** 23 ** **
White Collar 11 ** 23 ** 13 ** 13 ** 20 ** 37 27 21 26 25 24 22 31 36 32 35 ** 45 ** 44 ** 35 ** **
Blue Collar 18 ** 32 ** 21 ** 25 ** 31 ** 51 51 28 38 38 34 27 46 44 41 41 ** 54 ** 50 ** 38 ** **
Unskilled 37 ** 50 ** 24 ** 34 ** 20 ** 50 54 45 40 43 41 42 55 54 47 47 ** 66 ** 74 ** 55 ** **
Farmers 24 ** 45 ** 34 ** 42 ** 30 ** 35 40 52 41 45 43 35 47 36 49 39 ** 29 ** 56 ** 56 ** **
Housewives 25 ** 37 ** 28 ** 25 ** 25 ** 49 44 35 30 35 35 30 44 40 39 45 ** 48 ** 60 ** 30 ** **
Union Households 18 ** 32 ** 21 ** 21 ** 23 ** 49 40 25 26 27 24 17 31 34 29 34 ** 46 ** 47 ** 33 ** 35
Non-Union Households 22 ** 31 ** 20 ** 22 ** 25 ** 40 39 27 30 30 29 25 37 37 36 35 ** 45 ** 44 ** 33 ** 32
South 34 ** 42 ** 25 ** 22 ** 28 ** 49 54 33 36 33 34 30 43 43 46 38 ** 50 ** 45 ** 30 ** 36
Nonsouth 17 ** 28 ** 18 ** 21 ** 24 ** 40 33 24 26 28 25 21 32 33 30 33 ** 42 ** 44 ** 34 ** 29
Born 1991 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Born 1975-1990 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 75 ** 52 ** 56 ** 44 ** 41
Born 1959-1974 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 47 42 44 37 52 51 49 44 ** 61 ** 53 ** 39 ** 36
Born 1943-1958 ** ** ** ** ** ** 38 ** 30 ** 51 48 30 34 36 28 21 38 39 29 35 ** 41 ** 41 ** 28 ** 30
Born 1927-1942 31 ** 38 ** 18 ** 20 ** 23 ** 41 35 21 22 15 23 18 26 31 28 27 ** 34 ** 34 ** 20 ** 17
Born 1911-1926 21 ** 31 ** 18 ** 21 ** 22 ** 40 33 24 24 27 25 20 27 24 26 26 ** 30 ** 30 ** 26 ** 15
Born 1895-1910 19 ** 28 ** 21 ** 21 ** 26 ** 34 40 29 31 31 31 29 29 24 48 40 ** 22 ** 86 ** ** ** **
Born before 1895 18 ** 34 ** 26 ** 24 ** 30 ** 49 27 34 42 44 38 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Democrats (incl leaners) 21 ** 30 ** 21 ** 22 ** 25 ** 42 40 26 30 30 28 22 35 37 32 32 ** 44 ** 45 ** 32 ** 30
Independents 21 ** 35 ** 16 ** 38 ** 28 ** 52 51 40 41 42 45 39 57 54 60 48 ** 59 ** 65 ** 46 ** 54
Republicans 15 ** 28 ** 16 ** 14 ** 22 ** 39 31 22 20 22 20 19 29 31 30 33 ** 44 ** 37 ** 32 ** 28
Liberals ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 30 31 16 22 16 20 16 31 29 22 25 ** 36 ** 39 ** 26 ** 25
Moderates ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 43 32 22 24 28 18 20 33 38 29 31 ** 46 ** 38 ** 35 ** 32
Conservatives ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 31 27 16 19 19 18 15 25 27 25 30 ** 37 ** 38 ** 30 ** 28
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