The ANES Guide to Public Opinion and Electoral Behavior

Has Democratic Presidential Candidate Made Respondent Feel Hopeful 1980-2016

PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED : "Yes, Have Felt"

  '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 '12 '14 '16
Males 58 ** 36 ** 38 ** 48 ** 50 ** 43 ** 44 ** 61 ** 55 ** 54
Females 62 ** 45 ** 44 ** 54 ** 64 ** 49 ** 49 ** 60 ** 62 ** 59
White non-Hispanic 58 ** 37 ** 36 ** 49 ** 54 ** 44 ** 42 ** 54 ** 51 ** 49
Black non-Hispanic 78 ** 67 ** 63 ** 67 ** 74 ** 57 ** 67 ** 85 ** 91 ** 87
Hispanic 54 ** 45 ** 55 ** 54 ** 64 ** 56 ** 42 ** 68 ** 69 ** 72
Race oth/mult non-Hisp 50 ** 34 ** 61 ** 48 ** 62 ** 46 ** 48 ** 83 ** 61 ** 62
8th Grade or Lower 58 ** 43 ** 39 ** 53 ** 43 ** 43 ** 50 ** 55 ** 56 ** 61
High School (Grades 9-12) 59 ** 41 ** 40 ** 50 ** 57 ** 44 ** 47 ** 58 ** 56 ** 55
Some College, no Degree 63 ** 40 ** 42 ** 56 ** 60 ** 48 ** 45 ** 61 ** 58 ** 52
College Degree/ Post-grad 60 ** 42 ** 47 ** 51 ** 60 ** 50 ** 47 ** 62 ** 63 ** 63
Income 0-16 Percentile 64 ** 51 ** 43 ** 57 ** 66 ** 52 ** 51 ** 64 ** 61 ** 60
Income 17-33 Percentile 62 ** 49 ** 45 ** 55 ** 59 ** 48 ** 57 ** 69 ** 62 ** 57
Income 34-67 Percentile 63 ** 39 ** 45 ** 54 ** 59 ** 43 ** 45 ** 61 ** 57 ** 56
Income 68-95 Percentile 55 ** 38 ** 39 ** 48 ** 53 ** 48 ** 42 ** 57 ** 56 ** 55
Income 96-100 Percentile 51 ** 30 ** 21 ** 41 ** 49 ** 53 ** 42 ** 46 ** 67 ** 54
Professionals 58 ** 40 ** 46 ** 52 ** 58 ** 49 ** 51 ** ** ** ** ** **
White Collar 59 ** 38 ** 41 ** 52 ** 63 ** 46 ** 38 ** ** ** ** ** **
Blue Collar 60 ** 44 ** 39 ** 53 ** 55 ** 46 ** 50 ** ** ** ** ** **
Unskilled 53 ** 49 ** 41 ** 48 ** 61 ** 52 ** 61 ** ** ** ** ** **
Farmers 59 ** 23 ** 34 ** 41 ** 41 ** 34 ** 38 ** ** ** ** ** **
Housewives 63 ** 41 ** 41 ** 48 ** 53 ** 42 ** 35 ** ** ** ** ** **
Union Households 62 ** 51 ** 50 ** 60 ** 60 ** 55 ** 57 ** 67 ** 64 ** 64
Non-Union Households 59 ** 38 ** 40 ** 50 ** 57 ** 45 ** 44 ** 60 ** 58 ** 55
South 64 ** 38 ** 40 ** 49 ** 58 ** 41 ** 43 ** 53 ** 55 ** 54
Nonsouth 59 ** 42 ** 43 ** 52 ** 58 ** 49 ** 48 ** 65 ** 60 ** 58
Born 1991 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 66 ** 60
Born 1975-1990 ** ** ** ** ** ** 38 ** 62 ** 45 ** 59 ** 64 ** 63 ** 59
Born 1959-1974 63 ** 40 ** 42 ** 52 ** 58 ** 44 ** 42 ** 61 ** 61 ** 54
Born 1943-1958 60 ** 39 ** 43 ** 52 ** 58 ** 46 ** 40 ** 63 ** 55 ** 56
Born 1927-1942 56 ** 43 ** 41 ** 50 ** 57 ** 48 ** 50 ** 49 ** 47 ** 53
Born 1911-1926 63 ** 45 ** 41 ** 54 ** 59 ** 56 ** 53 ** 61 ** 55 ** 50
Born 1895-1910 60 ** 38 ** 39 ** 41 ** 39 ** 30 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Born before 1895 67 ** 33 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Democrats (incl leaners) 75 ** 65 ** 65 ** 75 ** 77 ** 66 ** 76 ** 83 ** 88 ** 87
Independents 49 ** 25 ** 30 ** 42 ** 46 ** 29 ** 32 ** 51 ** 48 ** 47
Republicans 42 ** 17 ** 19 ** 23 ** 36 ** 26 ** 14 ** 33 ** 28 ** 24
Liberals 72 ** 61 ** 64 ** 74 ** 79 ** 62 ** 80 ** 86 ** 89 ** 86
Moderates 63 ** 44 ** 45 ** 56 ** 62 ** 50 ** 51 ** 66 ** 63 ** 64
Conservatives 53 ** 24 ** 30 ** 36 ** 40 ** 31 ** 21 ** 37 ** 33 ** 25
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