The ANES Guide to Public Opinion and Electoral Behavior

Has Democratic Presidential Candidate Made Respondent Feel Hopeful 1980-2016

PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED : "No, Haven't Felt"

  '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 '12 '14 '16
Males 42 ** 64 ** 62 ** 52 ** 50 ** 57 ** 56 ** 39 ** 45 ** 46
Females 38 ** 55 ** 56 ** 46 ** 36 ** 51 ** 51 ** 40 ** 38 ** 41
White non-Hispanic 42 ** 63 ** 64 ** 51 ** 46 ** 56 ** 58 ** 46 ** 49 ** 51
Black non-Hispanic 22 ** 33 ** 37 ** 33 ** 26 ** 43 ** 33 ** 15 ** 9 ** 13
Hispanic 46 ** 55 ** 45 ** 46 ** 36 ** 44 ** 58 ** 32 ** 31 ** 28
Race oth/mult non-Hisp 50 ** 66 ** 39 ** 52 ** 38 ** 54 ** 52 ** 17 ** 39 ** 38
8th Grade or Lower 42 ** 57 ** 61 ** 47 ** 57 ** 57 ** 50 ** 45 ** 44 ** 39
High School (Grades 9-12) 41 ** 59 ** 60 ** 50 ** 43 ** 56 ** 53 ** 42 ** 44 ** 45
Some College, no Degree 37 ** 60 ** 58 ** 44 ** 40 ** 52 ** 55 ** 39 ** 42 ** 48
College Degree/ Post-grad 40 ** 58 ** 53 ** 49 ** 40 ** 50 ** 53 ** 38 ** 37 ** 37
Income 0-16 Percentile 36 ** 49 ** 57 ** 43 ** 34 ** 48 ** 49 ** 36 ** 39 ** 40
Income 17-33 Percentile 38 ** 51 ** 55 ** 45 ** 41 ** 52 ** 43 ** 31 ** 38 ** 43
Income 34-67 Percentile 37 ** 61 ** 55 ** 46 ** 41 ** 57 ** 55 ** 39 ** 43 ** 44
Income 68-95 Percentile 45 ** 62 ** 61 ** 52 ** 47 ** 52 ** 58 ** 43 ** 44 ** 45
Income 96-100 Percentile 49 ** 70 ** 79 ** 59 ** 51 ** 47 ** 58 ** 54 ** 33 ** 46
Professionals 42 ** 60 ** 54 ** 48 ** 42 ** 51 ** 49 ** ** ** ** ** **
White Collar 41 ** 62 ** 59 ** 48 ** 37 ** 54 ** 62 ** ** ** ** ** **
Blue Collar 40 ** 56 ** 61 ** 47 ** 45 ** 54 ** 50 ** ** ** ** ** **
Unskilled 47 ** 51 ** 59 ** 52 ** 39 ** 48 ** 39 ** ** ** ** ** **
Farmers 41 ** 77 ** 66 ** 59 ** 59 ** 66 ** 62 ** ** ** ** ** **
Housewives 37 ** 59 ** 59 ** 52 ** 47 ** 58 ** 65 ** ** ** ** ** **
Union Households 38 ** 49 ** 50 ** 40 ** 40 ** 45 ** 43 ** 33 ** 36 ** 36
Non-Union Households 41 ** 62 ** 60 ** 50 ** 43 ** 55 ** 56 ** 40 ** 42 ** 45
South 36 ** 62 ** 60 ** 51 ** 42 ** 59 ** 57 ** 47 ** 45 ** 46
Nonsouth 41 ** 58 ** 57 ** 48 ** 42 ** 51 ** 52 ** 35 ** 40 ** 42
Born 1991 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 34 ** 40
Born 1975-1990 ** ** ** ** ** ** 62 ** 38 ** 55 ** 41 ** 36 ** 37 ** 41
Born 1959-1974 37 ** 60 ** 58 ** 48 ** 42 ** 56 ** 58 ** 39 ** 39 ** 46
Born 1943-1958 40 ** 61 ** 57 ** 48 ** 42 ** 54 ** 60 ** 37 ** 45 ** 44
Born 1927-1942 44 ** 57 ** 59 ** 50 ** 43 ** 52 ** 50 ** 51 ** 53 ** 47
Born 1911-1926 37 ** 55 ** 59 ** 46 ** 41 ** 44 ** 47 ** 39 ** 45 ** 50
Born 1895-1910 40 ** 62 ** 61 ** 59 ** 61 ** 70 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Born before 1895 33 ** 67 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Democrats (incl leaners) 25 ** 35 ** 35 ** 25 ** 23 ** 34 ** 24 ** 17 ** 12 ** 13
Independents 51 ** 75 ** 70 ** 58 ** 54 ** 71 ** 68 ** 49 ** 52 ** 53
Republicans 58 ** 83 ** 81 ** 77 ** 64 ** 74 ** 86 ** 67 ** 72 ** 76
Liberals 28 ** 39 ** 36 ** 26 ** 21 ** 38 ** 20 ** 14 ** 11 ** 14
Moderates 37 ** 56 ** 55 ** 44 ** 38 ** 50 ** 49 ** 34 ** 37 ** 36
Conservatives 47 ** 76 ** 70 ** 64 ** 60 ** 69 ** 79 ** 63 ** 67 ** 75