The ANES Guide to Public Opinion and Electoral Behavior

Republican Presidential Candidate Strong Leader 1980-2008

PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED : "Quite Well/ Extremely Well"

  '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '08
Males 65 ** 74 ** 54 ** 59 ** 61 ** 66 ** 69 64
Females 55 ** 69 ** 54 ** 54 ** 58 ** 67 ** 60 64
White non-Hispanic 63 ** 75 ** 56 ** 58 ** 63 ** 69 ** 69 71
Black non-Hispanic 33 ** 43 ** 45 ** 44 ** 46 ** 52 ** 43 36
Hispanic 59 ** 65 ** 56 ** 61 ** 47 ** 67 ** 70 58
Race oth/mult non-Hisp 77 ** 79 ** 43 ** 60 ** 65 ** 67 ** 63 37
Grade Sch./Some High Sch. 57 ** 67 ** 53 ** 55 ** 54 ** 61 ** 50 49
High School Diploma 58 ** 68 ** 54 ** 57 ** 56 ** 67 ** 64 57
Some College, no Degree 62 ** 75 ** 56 ** 59 ** 61 ** 68 ** 68 68
College Degree/ Post-grad 65 ** 77 ** 52 ** 51 ** 65 ** 66 ** 63 72
Income 0-16 Percentile 53 ** 61 ** 55 ** 56 ** 55 ** 72 ** 57 47
Income 17-33 Percentile 55 ** 63 ** 52 ** 57 ** 51 ** 61 ** 59 59
Income 34-67 Percentile 59 ** 73 ** 52 ** 56 ** 59 ** 68 ** 63 63
Income 68-95 Percentile 66 ** 76 ** 57 ** 59 ** 67 ** 65 ** 71 80
Income 96-100 Percentile 71 ** 90 ** 71 ** 51 ** 66 ** 73 ** 71 84
Professionals 63 ** 76 ** 51 ** 51 ** 63 ** 66 ** 59 **
White Collar 59 ** 68 ** 58 ** 58 ** 56 ** 69 ** 68 **
Blue Collar 58 ** 67 ** 51 ** 57 ** 57 ** 62 ** 64 **
Unskilled 55 ** 64 ** 50 ** 50 ** 58 ** 61 ** 54 **
Farmers 67 ** 86 ** 64 ** 71 ** 80 ** 68 ** 71 **
Housewives 60 ** 77 ** 58 ** 57 ** 62 ** 77 ** 77 **
Union Households 54 ** 64 ** 45 ** 52 ** 58 ** 64 ** 49 57
Non-Union Households 62 ** 73 ** 56 ** 57 ** 60 ** 67 ** 68 65
South 61 ** 70 ** 61 ** 60 ** 60 ** 72 ** 68 70
Nonsouth 59 ** 72 ** 51 ** 54 ** 59 ** 64 ** 62 60
Born 1991 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Born 1975-1990 ** ** ** ** ** ** 69 ** 54 ** 64 ** 55 62
Born 1959-1974 55 ** 73 ** 60 ** 63 ** 58 ** 75 ** 68 64
Born 1943-1958 58 ** 74 ** 52 ** 52 ** 63 ** 61 ** 70 65
Born 1927-1942 64 ** 71 ** 53 ** 56 ** 59 ** 60 ** 62 71
Born 1911-1926 58 ** 65 ** 51 ** 50 ** 60 ** 67 ** 51 41
Born 1895-1910 63 ** 71 ** 55 ** 61 ** 60 ** 100 ** ** **
Born before 1895 67 ** 67 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Democrats (incl leaners) 42 ** 52 ** 35 ** 41 ** 49 ** 48 ** 42 44
Independents 56 ** 74 ** 51 ** 48 ** 52 ** 71 ** 55 67
Republicans 87 ** 93 ** 76 ** 79 ** 76 ** 88 ** 93 91
Liberals 41 ** 59 ** 31 ** 36 ** 53 ** 49 ** 41 50
Moderates 63 ** 69 ** 52 ** 54 ** 57 ** 61 ** 61 66
Conservatives 74 ** 85 ** 68 ** 70 ** 72 ** 80 ** 85 84