Version 01 Codebook ------------------- CODEBOOK INTRODUCTION FILE 1960 PRE-POST STUDY (1960.T) AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDIES 1960 PRE-POST ELECTION STUDY PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS THE SURVEY RESEARCH CENTER (440) ANGUS CAMPBELL PHILIP CONVERSE WARREN MILLER DONALD STOKES THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN SEPTEMBER - DECEMBER 1960 ICPSR ARCHIVE NUMBER 7214 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF ASSISTANCE ALL MANUSCRIPTS UTILIZING DATA MADE AVAILABLE THROUGH THE CONSORTIUM SHOULD ACKNOWLEDGE THAT FACT AS WELL AS IDENTIFY THE ORIGINAL COLLECTOR OF THE DATA. THE ICPSR COUNCIL URGES ALL USERS OF THE ICPSR DATA FACILITIES TO FOLLOW SOME ADAPTA- TION OF THIS STATEMENT WITH THE PARENTHESES INDICATING ITEMS TO BE FILLED IN APPROPRIATELY OR DELETED BY THE INDIVIDUAL USER. THE DATA (AND TABULATIONS) UTILIZED IN THIS (PUBLICATION) WERE MADE AVAILABLE (IN PART) BY THE INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL RESEARCH. THE DATA FOR THE SURVEY RESEARCH CENTER 1960 AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY WERE ORIGINALLY COLLECTED BY ANGUS CAMPBELL, PHILIP CONVERSE, WARREN MILLER, AND DONALD STOKES. NEITHER THE ORIGINAL COLLECTORS OF THE DATA NOR THE CONSORTIUM BEAR ANY RESPON- SIBILITY FOR THE ANALYSES OR INTERPRETATIONS PRESENTED HERE. IN ORDER TO PROVIDE FUNDING AGENCIES WITH ESSENTIAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE USE OF ARCHIVAL RESOURCES, AND TO FACILITATE THE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION ABOUT ICPSR PARTICI- PANTS' RESEARCH ACTIVITIES, EACH USER OF THE ICPSR FACILITIES IS EXPECTED TO SEND TWO COPIES OF EACH COMPLETED MANUSCRIPT OR THESIS ABSTRACT TO THE CONSORTIUM. PLEASE INDICATE IN THE COVER LETTER WHICH DATA WERE USED. CONTENTS Note: >>sections in the codebook introduction and codebook appendix can be navigated in the machine-readable files by searching ">>". INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL (file int1960.cbk) --------------------- >> 1960 STUDY DESCRIPTION >> 1960 SAMPLING INFORMATION >> 1960 FILE STRUCTURE >> 1960 CODEBOOK INFORMATION >> 1960 PROCESSING INFORMATION >> 1960 VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST CODEBOOK -------- 1960 variables APPENDICES (file app1960.cbk) ---------- >> 1960 PARTY MASTER CODE >> 1960 CANDIDATE MASTER CODE >> 1960 PSU CODE >> 1960 PSU PLACE CODE >> 1960 STATE AND COUNTY CODE - POPULATION SIZE >> 1960 STATE AND COUNTY CODE - TYPE OF PLACE >> 1960 COUNTY CODE >> 1960 INTERVIEWER >> 1960 STATE AND COUNTRY CODE >> 1960 MAJOR PROBLEMS CODE >> REF.NO.128 NOTE, 1960 >> 1960 OCCUPATION CODE >> 1960 INDUSTRY CODE >> FARMING NOTE, 1960 >> 1960 UNION CODE >> 1960 NEWSPAPER CODE >> 1960 EFFECT OF TELEVISION DEBATES >> 1960 PARTY DIFFERENCES >> 1960 RELIGION CODE >> REF. NOS. 107, 108, 111 AND 114 NOTE, 1960 >> REF. NOS. 19 AND 98 NOTE, 1960 >> 1960 STUDY DESCRIPTION THE SURVEY RESEARCH CENTER 1960 AMERICAN NATIONAL ELEC- TION STUDY WAS DIRECTED BY ANGUS CAMPBELL, PHILIP CONVERSE, WARREN MILLER, AND DONALD STOKES. CONDUCTED IN SEPTEMBER THROUGH DECEMBER OF 1960, THE STUDY WAS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE INFORMATION ABOUT THE POLITICAL ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR OF A REPRESENTATIVE CROSS-SECTION OF UNITED STATES VOTERS. THE STUDY IS THE LAST WAVE OF A PANEL STUDY OF WHICH THE FIRST TWO COMPONENTS ARE THE 1956 AND 1958 AMERICAN NATIONAL ELEC- TION STUDIES. THE 1960 AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY IS ITSELF A PANEL STUDY IN WHICH RESPONDENTS WERE INTERVIEWED BOTH BE- FORE AND AFTER THE 1960 ELECTION. IN THE PRE-ELECTION INTERVIEW THE INVESTIGATORS WERE CONCERNED WITH OBTAINING INFORMATION ABOUT THE LONG-TERM INFLUENCES UPON ELECTORAL CHOICE AND ABOUT THE ELECTION-SPECIFIC SHORT-TERM FORCES THAT WERE IN OPERATION IN 1960. IN THE POST-ELECTION INTERVIEW THE EMPHASIS WAS PLACED UPON ASCERTAINING BEHAVIOR WITH RESPECT TO THE ELECTION AND THE REASONS FOR THAT BEHAVIOR. THE LONG-TERM INFLUENCES ON THE RESPONDENT'S ELECTORAL BEHAVIOR WHICH WERE EXPLORED IN THE PRE-ELECTION INTERVIEW INCLUDED A NUMBER OF FACTORS IMPORTANT IN POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION, SUCH AS THE RESPONDENT'S EDUCATION, OCCUPATION, FINANCIAL SITUATION, LIFE CYCLE STATUS, GEOGRAPHIC AND SOCIAL MOBILITY, AND MILITARY SERVICE. THE DIRECTION AND INTENSITY OF THE RESPONDENT'S PARTY IDENTIFICATION AND THE REASONS FOR ANY PAST CHANGES IN THIS IDENTIFICATION WERE ALSO THE SUBJECT OF QUESTIONS DESIGNED TO TAP THESE LONG-TERM INFLU- ENCES ON BEHAVIOR. IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THE NATURE OF THE SHORT-TERM FORCES WHICH MIGHT INFLUENCE VOTING BEHAVIOR, RESPONDENTS IN THE PRE- ELECTION INTERVIEW WERE ASKED THEIR OPINIONS ON POLITICAL ISSUES WHICH WERE IMPORTANT IN 1960, SUCH AS CIVIL RIGHTS, DOMESTIC SPENDING FOR SOCIAL SERVICES, AND FOREIGN AID. QUESTIONS ABOUT AGRICULTURAL MATTERS AND LABOR CONCERNS WERE ASKED OF FARMERS AND LABOR UNION MEMBERS, RESPECTIVELY. THE RESPONDENT'S PERCEPTIONS AND EVALUATIONS OF THE PRESIDENTIAL AND VICE-PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES AND THE TWO MAJOR PARTIES WERE OBTAINED. IN ADDITION, QUESTIONS DESIGNED TO REVEAL CHANGES IN THE RESPONDENT'S ATTITUDES TOWARD THE CANDIDATES AND PARTIES WERE INCLUDED. THE SURVEY INSTRUMENT CONTAINED A SERIES OF QUESTIONS USED TO MEASURE THE RESPONDENT'S SENSE OF POLITICAL EFFICACY AND CITIZEN DUTY. ALSO INCLUDED WAS A SERIES OF ITEMS DESIGNED TO MEASURE THE EXTENT TO WHICH THE RESPONDENT WOULD TRUST CERTAIN GROUPS TO ENDORSE AN ACCEPTABLE CANDIDATE FOR OFFICE. FINALLY, THE PRE-ELECTION INTERVIEW ASKED THE RESPONDENT TO PREDICT THE 1960 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OUT- COME, TO PREDICT HIS LIKELIHOOD OF VOTING, TO IDENTIFY THE CANDIDATE FOR WHOM HE WOULD VOTE, AND TO GIVE THE REASON FOR THAT ELECTORAL PREFERENCE. THE POST-ELECTION INTERVIEW WAS PRIMARILY CONCERNED WITH THE RESPONDENT'S VOTE AND THE PARTY-, CANDIDATE-, AND ISSUE- ORIENTED REASONS FOR THAT VOTE. THE RESPONDENT'S INTEREST IN THE ELECTION AND HIS EXPOSURE TO MEDIA WERE EXPLORED. IN PARTICULAR, RESPONDENTS WERE ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT THEIR PARTICIPATION IN POLITICAL ACTIVITIES, AND ABOUT THEIR REAC- TIONS TO THE TELEVISED KENNEDY-NIXON DEBATES. IN ORDER TO ASSESS THE EFFECT OF KENNEDY'S RELIGION ON ELECTORAL CHOICE, A SERIES OF QUESTIONS ABOUT THE RESPONDENT'S RELIGIOUS PREFERENCES AND BACKGROUND WERE INCLUDED, IN ADDITION TO QUESTIONS WHICH DIRECTLY ASKED THE RESPONDENT ABOUT RELIGION AS A FACTOR IN THE 1960 ELECTION. FINALLY, THE POST-ELEC- TION QUESTIONNAIRE INCLUDED A SERIES OF QUESTIONS DESIGNED TO MEASURE THE RESPONDENT'S SENSE OF PERSONAL COMPETENCE. THE PRIMARY REPORT ON THE FINDINGS OF THE SURVEY RESEARCH CENTER 1960 AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY IS BY ANGUS CAMPBELL, PHILIP CONVERSE, WARREN MILLER, AND DONALD STOKES, "STABILITY AND CHANGE IN 1960: A REINSTATING ELECTION," AMERICAN POLITICAL SCIENCE REVIEW, JUNE 1961. FURTHER ARTICLES USING THE 1960 DATA ARE FOUND IN ANGUS CAMPBELL, ET AL., ELECTIONS AND THE POLITICAL ORDER (NEW YORK: JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., 1966). >> 1960 SAMPLING INFORMATION THE INDIVIDUALS INTERVIEWED IN 1960 WERE A REPRESENTATIVE CROSS-SECTION OF PERSONS OF VOTING AGE LIVING IN PRIVATE HOUSEHOLDS IN THE UNITED STATES. COMPLICATIONS IN THE SAMPLING PROCEDURE WERE INTRODUCED BY THE FACT THAT THE 1960 STUDY WAS THE THIRD WAVE OF A PANEL STUDY. IN 1958 MANY OF THE 1956 RESPONDENTS HAD MOVED AND COULD NOT BE RE-INTERVIEWED AT THEIR ORIGINAL ADDRESSES. A NUMBER OF THESE RESPONDENTS WERE INTERVIEWED AT THE NEW ADDRESSES, BUT WERE INCLUDED ONLY IN THE PANEL STUDY, NOT IN THE CROSS- SECTION. (THIS IS BECAUSE A CROSS-SECTION SAMPLE IS A SAMPLE OF SELECTED INDIVIDUALS WITHIN SPECIFIC HOUSEHOLDS, NOT A SAMPLE OF INDIVIDUAL PERSONS ONLY.) TO COMPENSATE FOR THE LOSS OF THIS GROUP OF RESPONDENTS IN THE 1958 STUDY A NEW GROUP WAS SELECTED FROM THE CURRENT OCCUPANTS OF DWELLINGS FROM WHICH FORMER RESPONDENTS HAD MOVED. TO REDUCE FIELD COSTS, ONLY HALF AS MANY SUCH ADDITIONAL RESPONDENTS WERE ADDED AS WOULD HAVE BEEN SELECTED IF THEIR PROBABILITY OF SELECTION HAD BEEN IDENTICAL TO THAT OF THE RE-INTERVIEWED RESPONDENTS. TO ADJUST FOR THIS DIFFERENCE IN SAMPLING FRACTIONS, THE ADDITIONAL RESPONDENTS WERE GIVEN DOUBLE WEIGHT. THE BASIC RATE OF SELECTION OF THOSE INTERVIEWED AT THEIR 1956 ADDRESSES IN BOTH 1956 AND 1958 WAS 1 IN 20,571. THE RATE OF SELECTION OF THOSE RESPONDENTS FIRST INTERVIEWED IN 1958 WAS HALF OF THAT. ACCORDINGLY THESE GROUPS ARE WEIGHTED "ONE" AND "TWO", RESPECTIVELY. IN 1960 A TOTAL OF 166 NEW RESPONDENTS WERE SELECTED FROM NEWLY CONSTRUCTED DWELLING UNITS AND FROM AN ASSORTMENT OF 1956 ADDRESSES. THESE GROUPS WERE SELECTED AT A RATE OF ONE-FOURTH THE BASIC RATE, AND THEREFORE ARE WEIGHTED "FOUR". FINALLY, TO MAINTAIN REPRESENTATIVENESS OF THE 1960 SAMPLE, ONE HUNDRED 1956 RESPONDENTS (INTERVIEWED BOTH IN 1958 AND 1960) WERE SELECTED TO REPRESENT 1956 RESPONDENTS LOST THROUGH PANEL ATTRITION. NINETY-FOUR OF THESE RESPONDENTS WERE WEIGHTED BY A FACTOR OF TWO AND THE REMAINING SIX WERE WEIGHTED BY A FACTOR OF THREE. THE UNWEIGHTED N OF THE 1960 STUDY IS 1181 AND THE WEIGHTED N IS 1954. IN OTHER RESPECTS, HOWEVER, THE 1960 STUDY SHARES THE SAME SAMPLE DESIGN AS THAT OF THE 1956 AND 1958 STUDIES. THE SAMPLE WAS DRAWN AS FOLLOWS: THE TWELVE LARGEST METROPOLITAN AREAS OF THE UNITED STATES WERE DRAWN WITH CERTAINTY TO REPRESENT THEMSELVES. THE REST OF THE COUNTRY WAS FORMED INTO FIFTY-FOUR STRATA, FROM EACH OF WHICH A PRIMARY SAMPLING UNIT (CONSISTING OF A COUNTY OR GROUP OF COUNTIES) WAS DRAWN WITH PROBABILITY PROPORTIONAL TO SIZE. THE SELECTION PROCEDURE WITHIN THESE SIXTY-SIX PRIMARY SAMPLING UNITS ULTIMATELY YIELDED A SAMPLE OF PRIVATE HOUSEHOLDS. RESPONDENTS WERE SELECTED FROM THESE HOUSE- HOLDS BY AN OBJECTIVE PROCEDURE OF SELECTION WHICH ALLOWED NO SUBSTITUTIONS. >> 1960 FILE STRUCTURE THE DATA ARE AVAILABLE FROM ICPSR IN TWO FORMATS: A CARD IMAGE FILE AND AN OSIRIS DATASET. THE CARD IMAGE FILE CON- TAINS 10 DECKS PER RESPONDENT IN A FORMAT BASED ON 80 COLUMN PUNCHED CARDS. THE DATA ARE SORTED BY INTERVIEW NUMBER WITH ALL DECKS FOR EACH CASE TOGETHER IN ASCENDING ORDER. THERE ARE TWO COMPONENTS TO THE OSIRIS DATASET. THE OSIRIS DICTIONARY GIVES THE FORMAT AND OTHER INFORMATION FOR EACH VARIABLE IN THE OSIRIS DATA FILE. THE DICTIONARY OR DIC- TIONARY-CODEBOOK FILE IS USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE OSIRIS SOFTWARE PACKAGE. THE OSIRIS DATA FILE IS CONSTRUC- TED WITH A SINGLE LOGICAL RECORD OF 629 BYTES FOR EACH RESPONDENT. IN THE SURVEY RESEARCH CENTER 1960 AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY, ONE PRE-ELECTION INTERVIEW AND ONE POST- ELECTION INTERVIEW WERE CONDUCTED WITH EACH RESPONDENT, WITH THE EXCEPTION OF 125 RESPONDENTS WHO WERE GIVEN ONLY THE PRE-ELECTION INTERVIEW, AND 22 RESPONDENTS WHO WERE GIVEN ONLY THE POST-ELECTION INTERVIEW. RESPONDENTS WHO WERE GIVEN ONLY ONE INTERVIEW HAVE BEEN CODED "NA" OR "INAP" IN THOSE VARIABLES FOR WHICH NO DATA WERE AVAILABLE. THE DATA ARE FORMATTED SUCH THAT INFORMATION FOR THE TWO WAVES IS CONTIGUOUS: THAT IS, FOR OSIRIS FORMATTED DATA, THE DATA FOR EACH RESPONDENT FOR BOTH WAVES ARE CONTAINED IN ONE LOGICAL RECORD; AND FOR CARD-IMAGE FORMATTED DATA, DECKS 1 THROUGH 10 CONTAIN THE DATA FOR EACH RESPONDENT FOR BOTH WAVES. THE DATA ARE WEIGHTED; VARIABLE 600003 IS THE WEIGHT VARIABLE. THE UNWEIGHTED STUDY N IS 1181 AND THE WEIGHTED N IS 1954. SEE THE "SAMPLING INFORMATION" SECTION OF THIS INTRODUCTION FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ABOUT THE WEIGHTING PROCEDURES. WEIGHTING AND FREQUENCIES THE FREQUENCIES PROVIDED IN THIS CODEBOOK ARE WEIGHTED BY AN INTEGER WEIGHT VARIABLE (VARIABLE 600003), WHICH SHOULD ALWAYS BE USED IN DATA ANALYSIS PROCEDURES TO OBTAIN A REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE. IF THE DATA ARE IN CARD-IMAGE FORMAT, THE WEIGHT VARIABLE IS LOCATED IN COLUMN 80 OF EACH DECK. SEE THE "SAMPLING INFORMATION" SECTION OF THIS INTRODUCTION FOR AN EXPLANATION OF THE ASSIGNMENT OF WEIGHTS TO THE VARIOUS CATEGORIES OF RESPONDENTS. >> 1960 CODEBOOK INFORMATION The following example from the 1948 NES study provides the standard format for codebook variable documentation. Note that NES studies which are not part of the Time-Series usually omit marginals and the descriptive content in lines 2-5 (except for variable name). Line 1 ============================== 2 VAR 480026 NAME-R NOT VT-WAS R REG TO VT 3 COLUMNS 61 - 61 4 NUMERIC 5 MD=0 OR GE 8 6 7 Q. 17. (IF R DID NOT VOTE) WERE YOU REGISTERED (ELIGIBLE) 8 TO VOTE. 9 ........................................................... 10 11 82 1. YES 12 149 2. NO 13 14 0 8. DK 15 9 9. NA 16 422 0. INAP., R VOTED Line 2 - VARIABLE NAME. Note that in the codebook the variable name (usually a 'number') does not include the "V" prefix which is used in the release SAS and SPSS data definition files (.sas and .sps files) for all variables including those which do not have 'number' names. For example the variable "VERSION" in the codebook is "VVERSION" in the data definition files. Line 2 - "NAME". This is the variable label used in the SAS and SPSS data definition files (.sas and .sps files). Some codebooks exclude this. Line 3 - COLUMNS. Columns in the ASCII data file (.dat file). Line 4 - CHARACTER OR NUMERIC. If numeric and the variable is a decimal rather than integer variable, the numer of decimal places is also indicated (e.g. "NUMERIC DEC 4") Line 5 - Values which are assigned to missing by default in the Study's SAS and and SPSS data definition files (.sas and .sps files). Line 7 - Actual question text for survey variables or a description of non-survey variables (for example, congressional district). Survey items usually include the question number (for example "B1a.") from the Study questionnaire; beginning in 1996 non-survey items also have unique item numbers (for example "CSheet.1"). Line 9 - A dashed or dotted line usually separates question text from any other documentation which follows. Line 10- When present, annotation provided by Study staff is presented below the question text/description and preceding code values. Lines 11-16 Code values are listed with descriptive labels. Valid codes (those not having 'missing' status in line 5) are presented first, followed by the values described in line 5. For continuous variables, one line may appear providing the range of possible values. A blank line usually separates the 'valid' and 'missing' values. Lines 11-16 Marginals are usually provided for discrete variables. The counts may be unweighted or weighted; check the Study codebook introductory text to determine weight usage. >> 1960 PROCESSING INFORMATION THE CODEBOOK WAS PROCESSED ACCORDING TO STANDARD ICPSR PROCESSING PROCEDURES. THE DATASET WAS CHECKED FOR INCON- SISTENT AND ILLEGAL CODES. WHEN ANY SUCH CODES WERE FOUND, THE INTERVIEW PROTOCOLS WERE CONSULTED TO OBTAIN THE CORRECT CODE VALUES. THE SYMBOLS < AND > ARE USED TO ENCLOSE COM- MENTS OR EXPLANATIONS ADDED BY THE PROCESSOR TO PROVIDE FURTHER CLARIFICATION OF INFORMATION IN THE ORIGINAL CODE- BOOK. IN THE TABLE OF CONTENTS, AN ASTERISK APPEARS AFTER EACH VARIABLE HAVING A SPECIAL ICPSR STANDARDIZED CODE. >> 1960 VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST VARIABLE VARIABLE LABEL -------- -------------- VERSION NES VERSION NUMBER DSETNO NES DATASET NUMBER 600001 ICPSR ARCHIVE NUMBER 600002 INTERVIEW NUMBER STUDY PROCEDURE AND SAMPLING 600003 WEIGHT 600004 PRIMARY SAMPLING UNIT CODE 600005 PRIMARY SAMPLING UNIT PLACE CODE 600006 POPULATION SIZE 600007 TYPE OF PLACE 600008 SAMPLE RATE CODE 600009 COUNTY CODE 600010 STATE CODE* 600011 1960 CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT 600012 DATE OF INTERVIEW--PRE-ELECTION 600013 INTERVIEWER--PRE-ELECTION 600014 CODER--PRE-ELECTION 600015 INTERVIEW TYPE 600016 NATURE OF INTERVIEW ELECTION PREDICTIONS BY RESPONDENT 600017 PREDICTION RESULT PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 600018 XWILL ELECTION BE CLOSE RACE 600019 IMPORTANCE OF ELECTION RESULT TO RESPONDENT THE PARTIES AND THE CANDIDATES 600020 WHAT GOOD ABOUT DEMOCRATS* 600021 WHAT BAD ABOUT DEMOCRATS* 600022 WHAT GOOD ABOUT REPUBLICANS* 600023 WHAT BAD ABOUT REPUBLICANS* 600024 WHY VOTE FOR KENNEDY* 600025 WHY NOT VOTE FOR KENNEDY* 600026 WHY VOTE FOR NIXON* 600027 WHY NOT VOTE FOR NIXON* 600028 XCHANGE OF FEELING TOWARD NIXON 600029 XHOW FEELING TOWARD NIXON CHANGED 600030 XWHAT CHANGED MIND ABOUT NIXON 600031 XWHEN CHANGED MIND ABOUT NIXON 600032 XCHANGE OF FEELING TOWARD KENNEDY 600033 XHOW FEELING TOWARD KENNEDY CHANGED 600034 XWHAT CHANGED MIND ABOUT KENNEDY 600035 XWHEN CHANGED MIND ABOUT KENNEDY 600036 HAS RESPONDENT OPINION ABOUT JOHNSON 600037 HAS RESPONDENT OPINION ABOUT LODGE 600038 OPINION PRO-JOHNSON* 600039 OPINION ANTI-JOHNSON* 600040 OPINION PRO-LODGE* 600041 OPINION ANTI-LODGE* KNOWLEDGE OF THE CANDIDATES 600042 WHERE IS NIXON FROM* 600043 HOW OLD IS NIXON 600044 NIXON'S SOCIAL CLASS 600045 WHAT IS NIXON'S RELIGION 600046 WHERE IS KENNEDY FROM* 600047 HOW OLD IS KENNEDY 600048 KENNEDY'S SOCIAL CLASS 600049 WHAT IS KENNEDY'S RELIGION DOMESTIC ISSUES AND FOREIGN POLICY 600050 IMPORTANT PROBLEMS FACING GOVERNMENT* 600051 XWHICH PARTY WILL SOLVE PROBLEMS 600052 GOVERNMENT ROLE IN HOUSING AND POWER 600053 WHICH PARTY INTERFERE LESS IN HOUSING AND POWER 600054 SHOULD GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE EMPLOYMENT 600055 XWHICH PARTY GUARANTEE WORK FOR ALL 600056 ISOLATIONIST POLICY BEST FOR UNITED STATES 600057 XWHICH PARTY FOR ISOLATIONISM 600058 SHOULD GOVERNMENT AID EDUCATION 600059 XWHICH PARTY FOR AID TO SCHOOLS 600060 SHOULD UNITED STATES HELP UNDERDEVELOPED NATIONS 600061 XWHICH PARTY FOR FOREIGN AID 600062 EQUALITY FOR NEGROES IN HOUSING AND WORK 600063 XWHICH PARTY FOR NEGRO EQUALITY 600064 SHOULD UNITED STATES FIGHT COMMUNISM OVERSEAS 600065 XWHICH PARTY FOR ANTI-COMMUNIST MILITARY AID 600066 SHOULD GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIZE MEDICAL CARE 600067 XWHY FOR OR AGAINST GOVERNMENT MEDICAL CARE* 600068 XWHICH PARTY FAVORS MEDICAL SUBSIDIZATION 600069 XWHY THINK REPUBLICAN OR DEMOCRAT FOR MEDICAL SUBSIDIZATION 600070 SHOULD GOVERNMENT INTEGRATE SCHOOLS 600071 XWHY GOVERNMENT SCHOOL INTEGRATION GOOD OR BAD 600072 XOPINION CHANGE ON SCHOOL INTEGRATION 600073 XWHICH PARTY WON'T INTEGRATE SCHOOLS FINANCIAL SITUATION OF FAMILY UNIT 600074 RESPONDENT'S ESTIMATE OF OWN FINANCIAL SITUATION 600075 HAS RESPONDENT'S FINANCIAL SITUATION CHANGED 600076 FACTORS AFFECTING RESPONDENT'S FINANCIAL SITUATION 600077 RESPONDENT'S FUTURE FINANCIAL PROSPECTS 600078 HOW WILL FINANCIAL SITUATION CHANGE IN FUTURE* 600079 ELECTION AFFECT RESPONDENT'S FINANCIAL SITUATION 600080 XHOW ELECTION AFFECT RESPONDENT FINANCIALLY* 600081 ASSESSMENT UNITED STATES FOREIGN RELATIONS 600082 REASONS FOR ASSESSMENT FOREIGN RELATIONS 600083 PAST YEAR UNITED STATES' INFLUENCE STRONGER 600084 HOW UNITED STATES' INFLUENCE STRONGER 600085 FEAR OF ANOTHER WAR 600086 HAS PROBLEM OF WAR LESSENED 600087 WHICH PARTY BEST AVOIDS WAR 600088 XWHY REPUBLICANS OR DEMOCRATS BETTER AT AVOIDING WAR 600089 ASSESSMENT OF PROGRESS DOMESTIC AFFAIRS 600090 XREASONS ASSESSMENT OF DOMESTIC PROGRESS PARTY IDENTIFICATION 600091 RESPONDENT'S PARTY ALLEGIANCE 600092 XHAS RESPONDENT CHANGED PARTY ALLEGIANCE 600093 XWHEN RESPONDENT CHANGED PARTY ALLEGIANCE 600094 XWHY RESPONDENT CHANGED PARTY ALLEGIANCE* VOTING BEHAVIOR 600095 ALWAYS VOTE IN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 600096 XALWAYS VOTE FOR SAME PARTY 600097 XHOW VOTE 1956 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 600098 RESPONDENT'S INTEREST IN POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS 600099 IS RESPONDENT REGISTERED TO VOTE THIS YEAR 600100 DOES RESPONDENT INTEND TO VOTE THIS YEAR 600101 XWHOM WILL RESPONDENT VOTE FOR PRESIDENT 600102 XWHY RESPONDENT CHOSE CANDIDATE FOR PRESIDENT* 600103 XVOTE FOR CANDIDATE OR AGAINST OPPONENT 600104 XIF VOTING FOR WHOM WOULD VOTE 600105 XWHY WOULD CHOOSE CANDIDATE FOR PRESIDENT* 600106 XVOTE FOR CANDIDATE OR AGAINST OPPONENT POLITICAL EFFICACY AND CITIZEN DUTY 600107 PEOPLE HAVE NO SAY IN GOVERNMENT 600108 VOTING ONLY WAY TO INFLUENCE GOVERNMENT 600109 IF PARTY CAN'T WIN NEED NOT VOTE 600110 ONE VOTE UNIMPORTANT IN TOTAL VOTE 600111 POLITICS TOO DIFFICULT TO UNDERSTAND 600112 IF NO INTEREST NEED NOT VOTE 600113 LOCAL ELECTIONS UNIMPORTANT 600114 PEOPLE'S OPINION UNIMPORTANT TO GOVERNMENT 600115 DEGREE OF INTEREST IN POLITICS 600116 XMAIN REASON WHY CHOSE CANDIDATE 600117 RESPONDENT'S TREATMENT OF CATHOLIC QUESTION PERSONAL DATA 600118 SEX OF RESPONDENT 600119 RACE OF RESPONDENT 600120 NUMBER OF ADULTS IN HOUSEHOLD 600121 RESPONDENT'S RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD 600122 AGE OF RESPONDENT 600123 AGE OF HEAD 600124 RESPONDENT'S MARITAL STATUS 600125 NUMBER OF CHILDREN UNDER 18 IN FAMILY UNIT 600126 XAGE OF YOUNGEST CHILD 600127 LIFE CYCLE STATUS 600128 EDUCATION OF RESPONDENT* 600129 RESPONDENT'S OCCUPATION* 600130 INDUSTRY RESPONDENT IS EMPLOYED IN* 600131 RESPONDENT SELF-EMPLOYED OR NOT 600132 XRESPONDENT'S OCCUPATION IF UNEMPLOYED OR RETIRED 600133 XINDUSTRY IF RESPONDENT UNEMPLOYED OR RETIRED 600134 XRECENCY OF RESPONDENT'S UNEMPLOYMENT 600135 XLENGTH OF RESPONDENT'S UNEMPLOYMENT 600136 HEAD'S OCCUPATION* 600137 XINDUSTRY IN WHICH HEAD EMPLOYED 600138 XHEAD SELF-EMPLOYED OR NOT 600139 XHEAD'S OCCUPATION IF UNEMPLOYED OR RETIRED* 600140 XINDUSTRY IF HEAD UNEMPLOYED OR RETIRED 600141 XRECENCY OF HEAD'S UNEMPLOYMENT 600142 XLENGTH OF HEAD'S UNEMPLOYMENT QUESTIONS FOR FARMERS 600143 XRESPONDENT FULL-TIME FARMER OR NOT 600144 XFARM OWNED OR RENTED OR OTHER 600145 XHOW MUCH LAND RESPONDENT FARMS 600146 XWHAT KIND OF FARMING* 600147 XCHANGING PRICES OF FARM PRODUCTS 600148 XEFFECT OF FARM POLICY ON PRICES 600149 XGOVERNMENT SUBSIDIZE FARM PRODUCTS UNION MEMBERSHIP 600150 ANYONE BELONG TO LABOR UNION 600151 XMEMBER OF WHAT UNION* 600152 XHOW LONG A UNION MEMBER 600153 XFEEL CLOSE TO UNION MEMBERS 600154 XINTEREST IN UNION MEMBERS SOCIAL CLASS 600155 WHAT SOCIAL CLASS IS RESPONDENT 600156 XAFFINITY WITH MEMBERS OF SAME CLASS 600157 XINTEREST IN WELFARE OF OWN CLASS 600158 SOCIAL CLASS OF FAMILY WHEN RESPONDENT WAS YOUNG 600159 XAFFINITY WITH OTHER NEGROES 600160 XINTEREST IN OTHER NEGROES' WELFARE POLITICAL TRUST IN VARIOUS GROUPS 600161 TRUST VETERANS GROUPS 600162 TRUST PROTESTANT GROUPS 600163 TRUST FARM GROUPS 600164 TRUST NEGRO GROUPS 600165 TRUST BUSINESS GROUPS 600166 TRUST JEWISH GROUPS 600167 TRUST COLLEGE GROUPS 600168 TRUST LABOR UNIONS 600169 TRUST CATHOLIC GROUPS 600170 TOTAL GROUPS TRUSTED 600171 TOTAL GROUPS DISTRUSTED PERSONAL DATA (CONT.) 600172 WAS RESPONDENT OR HEAD IN MILITARY 600173 XRESPONDENT'S YEARS IN MILITARY 600174 XHEAD'S YEARS IN MILITARY 600175 RESPONDENT'S PLACE OF BIRTH* 600176 XWERE PARENTS BORN IN UNITED STATES 600177 XPLACE OF BIRTH OF FATHER* 600178 XPLACE OF BIRTH OF MOTHER* 600179 XPLACE OF BIRTH OF FATHER'S ANCESTORS* 600180 FATHER'S OCCUPATION WHILE RESPONDENT WAS YOUNG* 600181 XFINANCIAL SITUATION OF FAMILY WHEN RESPONDENT WAS GROWING UP ON FARM 600182 PART OF UNITED STATES RESPONDENT GREW UP IN* 600183 XRESPONDENT'S AGE ON ARRIVAL IN THIS STATE 600184 RAISED IN CITY OR FARM 600185 HOW LONG IN THIS HOUSE 600186 XNEIGHBORHOOD'S AGE RELATIVE TO LAST 600187 XNEIGHBORHOOD MORE OR LESS EXPENSIVE 600188 XNEIGHBORHOOD CLOSER TO CITY CENTER 600189 TOTAL FAMILY INCOME POST ELECTION INTERVIEW 600190 READ ABOUT CAMPAIGN IN NEWSPAPER 600191 XWHICH PAPER READ MOST ON CAMPAIGN* 600192 HEAR ABOUT CAMPAIGN ON RADIO 600193 SEE MUCH OF CAMPAIGN ON TELEVISION 600194 READ MUCH ABOUT CAMPAIGN IN MAGAZINES 600195 XWHICH MEDIUM INFLUENCED MOST 600196 XSEE KENNEDY-NIXON DEBATES 600197 XDEBATE CHANGE OPINION OF KENNEDY* 600198 XDEBATE CHANGE OPINION OF NIXON* 600199 XDEBATE CHANGE OPINION OF KENNEDY OR NIXON* 600200 MEDIA OR PEOPLE INFLUENCED RESPONDENT MOST 600201 WHOM RESPONDENT VOTED FOR PRESIDENT 600202 XWHY RESPONDENT VOTED FOR PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE* 600203 XMAIN REASON DID NOT VOTE* 600204 XWHEN DECIDED VOTING PREFERENCE 600205 XVOTED FOR CANDIDATE OR AGAINST OPPOSING CANDIDATE 600206 XEVER CONSIDER VOTING FOR OPPONENT 600207 XWHY DIDN'T VOTE FOR OPPONENT 600208 XBETTER VOTE AS DID OR NO DIFFERENCE 600209 XCARE ABOUT VOTING OR NOT 600210 XVOTE FOR UNITED STATES SENATOR 600211 XVOTE FOR UNITED STATES CONGRESSMAN 600212 XREASON VOTE FOR CONGRESSMAN* 600213 XSPLIT OR STRAIGHT TICKET 600214 XREASONS NOT WATCH TELEVISION DEBATE 600215 EVER TRY INFLUENCING OTHERS' VOTE POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND INFORMATION 600216 FINANCIAL AID TO PARTY 600217 EVER GO TO POLITICAL MEETINGS 600218 DO OTHER WORK FOR PARTIES 600219 BELONG TO POLITICAL ORGANIZATION 600220 CAMPAIGN BUTTON OR STICKER 600221 PARTY REPRESENTATIVE TALK TO RESPONDENT 600222 XVOTING ADVICE OF REPUBLICAN REPRESENTATIVE 600223 XVOTING ADVICE OF DEMOCRATIC REPRESENTATIVE 600224 INTERESTED IN CAMPAIGN 600225 FOLLOW POLITICAL EVENTS CLOSELY 600226 WHICH PARTY HAD MAJORITY IN CONGRESS 600227 WHICH PARTY HAS MAJORITY IN CONGRESS 600228 MOST IMPORTANT GOVERNMENT PROBLEM* 600229 ANY DIFFERENCE BETWEEN REPUBLICANS AND DEMOCRATS 600230 XWHAT DIFFERENT ABOUT DEMOCRATS* 600231 XWHAT DIFFERENT ABOUT REPUBLICANS* 600232 WHICH PARTY MORE CONSERVATIVE 600233 XREASONS WHY DEMOCRATS MORE CONSERVATIVE* 600234 XREASONS WHY REPUBLICANS MORE CONSERVATIVE* DOMESTIC ISSUES AND FOREIGN POLICY 600235 GOVERNMENT OUGHT TO GUARANTEE JOBS 600236 FOREIGN AID TO POOR COUNTRIES 600237 LABOR UNION INFLUENCE IN GOVERNMENT BAD PERSONAL COMPETENCE 600238 DOES RESPONDENT'S LIFE GO AS PLANNED 600239 USUALLY HAVE GOOD LUCK 600240 RESPONDENT'S PLANS REALIZED OR NOT STRONG MINDEDNESS 600241 USUALLY WIN ARGUMENTS 600242 HAVE STRONG OPINIONS OR NOT 600243 HARD TO CHANGE RESPONDENT'S MIND OTHER PERSONALITY ITEMS 600244 USUALLY PLAN AHEAD 600245 GET PUSHED AROUND 600246 FINISH WHAT IS STARTED 600247 PREFER GIVING OR RECEIVING ORDERS PERSONAL DATA (CONT.) 600248 SEX OF RESPONDENT 600249 RACE OF RESPONDENT 600250 MARITAL STATUS 600251 XDID SPOUSE VOTE 600252 RESPONDENT'S CHURCH PREFERENCE* 600253 XHOW OFTEN ATTEND CHURCH RELIGION AND POLITICS 600254 CANDIDATES DISCUSSED IN CHURCH 600255 XRELIGION OF SPOUSE SAME 600256 XSPOUSE'S CHURCH PREFERENCE* 600257 XSPOUSE ATTEND CHURCH REGULARLY 600258 XRESPONDENT STRONGLY RELIGIOUS 600259 XCLOSE TO MEMBERS OF RELIGION 600260 XINTEREST IN MEMBERS OF RELIGION 600261 X(RESPONDENT JEWISH) CLOSE TO JEWISH PEOPLE 600262 X(RESPONDENT JEWISH) INTEREST IN JEWS 600263 MOTHER'S CHURCH PREFERENCE* 600264 XMOTHER'S INTEREST IN RELIGION 600265 FATHER'S CHURCH PREFERENCE* 600266 XFATHER'S INTEREST IN RELIGION 600267 OPINION OF CATHOLIC INFLUENCE IN GOVERNMENT 600268 OPINION OF CATHOLICS AIDING CANDIDATES 600269 POLITICAL ALLEGIANCE 600270 INTERVIEWER POST ELECTION 600271 DATE OF INTERVIEW - POST ELECTION 600272 CODER POST ELECTION 600273 POLITICAL EFFICACY INDEX 600274 INVOLVEMENT INDEX