The ANES Guide to Public Opinion and Electoral Behavior

Party Identification 3-Point Scale 1952-2020

PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED : "Republican (incl leaners)"

  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 '12 '14 '16 '18 '20
Males 34 31 35 34 36 33 30 33 36 33 35 33 32 30 34 35 42 39 45 40 42 47 45 40 41 46 45 ** 40 ** 42 ** 42 ** 46
Females 38 37 42 35 38 39 31 32 31 33 33 29 33 30 32 29 38 34 38 33 34 36 32 34 34 41 37 ** 35 ** 37 ** 37 ** 39
White non-Hispanic 37 ** 40 35 38 37 33 35 37 36 37 34 37 33 37 36 45 43 48 41 43 48 44 43 42 50 49 ** 45 ** 49 ** 48 ** 53
Black non-Hispanic 21 ** 24 25 23 18 8 11 3 4 11 4 6 8 8 3 9 6 12 12 7 10 10 8 7 9 8 ** 5 ** 5 ** 7 ** 9
Hispanic ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 6 14 20 8 15 14 25 13 24 20 25 28 29 25 26 24 31 37 34 ** 25 ** 22 ** 22 ** 26
Race oth/mult non-Hisp ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 75 25 50 26 36 17 29 17 18 27 33 25 51 50 42 44 40 38 34 42 ** 18 ** 32 ** 32 ** 30
8th Grade or Lower 30 29 40 32 35 31 21 26 22 24 29 27 24 20 21 19 25 21 26 18 22 22 17 22 30 29 21 ** 24 ** 20 ** 30 ** 28
High School (Grades 9-12) 36 34 35 31 32 34 30 29 31 30 31 27 29 25 29 28 37 32 36 32 32 34 34 32 29 38 38 ** 31 ** 35 ** 36 ** 43
Some College, no Degree 48 43 45 35 52 48 39 39 42 41 37 34 38 36 39 37 46 42 48 44 41 46 41 41 40 45 44 ** 38 ** 40 ** 42 ** 46
College Degree/ Post-grad 54 53 51 53 50 42 46 52 52 49 47 43 48 46 45 41 48 45 52 47 47 56 48 45 48 53 45 ** 46 ** 45 ** 41 ** 39
Income 0-16 Percentile 33 28 37 36 41 41 24 30 26 24 30 26 25 24 25 18 26 24 30 27 27 23 26 30 22 ** 29 ** 21 ** 28 ** 27 ** 30
Income 17-33 Percentile 33 31 35 28 32 42 24 22 30 29 31 22 28 25 26 27 31 33 36 28 29 30 31 29 33 ** 36 ** 27 ** 32 ** 29 ** 39
Income 34-67 Percentile 33 34 36 31 34 31 26 34 34 31 30 27 30 28 32 30 40 36 41 37 35 44 35 34 40 ** 42 ** 37 ** 40 ** 42 ** 44
Income 68-95 Percentile 38 34 38 37 36 39 38 32 36 37 41 38 37 35 41 38 48 44 48 40 47 54 52 44 40 ** 47 ** 48 ** 48 ** 46 ** 45
Income 96-100 Percentile 62 63 59 63 68 50 48 46 53 54 53 66 68 47 53 58 62 56 77 75 60 64 55 56 54 ** 50 ** 68 ** 51 ** 54 ** 45
Professionals 43 ** 47 40 44 ** 43 ** 44 45 43 33 42 39 42 42 46 43 48 41 43 51 45 42 43 ** 38 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
White Collar 38 ** 36 33 42 ** 35 ** 38 33 34 30 35 31 37 36 45 40 45 40 37 44 41 39 37 ** 47 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Blue Collar 28 ** 33 28 27 ** 21 ** 26 26 28 28 25 21 25 23 31 28 34 32 30 36 31 27 31 ** 38 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Unskilled 24 ** 27 23 39 ** 9 ** 15 13 24 32 31 14 21 24 33 27 33 25 35 24 27 39 25 ** 21 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Farmers 36 ** 39 40 47 ** 31 ** 34 26 39 58 37 35 38 39 46 36 52 32 53 52 39 53 41 ** 41 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Housewives 40 ** 43 37 40 ** 32 ** 34 34 35 32 37 38 33 29 44 41 39 37 40 40 44 44 39 ** 51 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Union Households 29 25 30 23 23 ** 17 23 27 21 25 21 22 21 24 23 31 29 33 28 29 31 31 29 28 36 30 ** 32 ** 37 ** 32 ** 35
Non-Union Households 38 38 42 38 42 ** 35 36 35 36 37 34 36 33 36 34 42 38 43 38 39 44 40 39 38 45 43 ** 38 ** 40 ** 41 ** 43
South 15 ** 23 20 25 28 18 24 21 26 25 22 25 26 27 28 31 30 33 28 34 41 37 40 38 44 42 ** 42 ** 42 ** 44 ** 47
Nonsouth 41 ** 44 39 41 39 34 35 37 35 37 34 35 32 35 33 43 39 44 40 39 42 39 36 36 43 40 ** 34 ** 38 ** 37 ** 40
Born 1991 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 28 ** 34 ** 31
Born 1975-1990 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 38 41 37 45 27 33 31 ** 30 ** 37 ** 32 ** 38
Born 1959-1974 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 22 26 32 38 37 41 40 38 41 38 37 41 51 44 ** 39 ** 39 ** 43 ** 48
Born 1943-1958 ** ** ** ** ** ** 25 32 27 29 29 22 29 27 30 29 40 36 41 34 38 43 39 39 37 40 46 ** 38 ** 41 ** 44 ** 46
Born 1927-1942 30 32 35 28 32 34 27 29 32 32 34 35 34 33 40 32 38 37 40 37 37 44 40 29 40 46 41 ** 48 ** 46 ** 47 ** 51
Born 1911-1926 32 30 35 31 35 31 29 33 34 30 36 33 34 32 31 33 39 33 41 35 36 35 36 34 30 33 30 ** 30 ** 49 ** 42 ** 27
Born 1895-1910 37 37 43 36 40 40 31 36 35 37 36 37 35 34 34 36 46 43 42 29 37 40 51 45 21 33 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 64
Born before 1895 43 42 46 48 44 48 47 34 41 42 51 38 55 31 42 57 75 100 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Democrats (incl leaners) ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Independents ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Republicans ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Liberals ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 20 14 16 13 15 12 20 19 19 20 14 12 11 14 14 14 12 ** 8 ** 7 ** 6 ** 5
Moderates ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 34 30 30 26 28 27 33 33 36 38 36 34 30 29 34 37 31 ** 27 ** 26 ** 30 ** 30
Conservatives ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 56 52 60 56 57 58 68 59 66 59 65 70 70 67 67 74 76 ** 76 ** 76 ** 83 ** 88