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Technical Reports

ANES Technical Reports, commissioned on an ad hoc basis, examine a variety of methodological issues related to the ANES surveys. The Technical Reports tend to focus more on methodological issues than on substantive questions.

Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in these materials are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of ANES or its funding organizations.

ANES Staff. 1983. 1980 Precinct Data Returns Project , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010123.
Dataset(s): /1980/

ANES Staff. Undated. Newspaper Code , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010132.
Dataset(s): /1984 Continuous Monitoring/

ANES Staff. 1985. Progress of the Rolling Cross Sections , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010135.
Dataset(s): /1984 Continuous Monitoring/

ANES Staff. 1984. Questions and Versions in ANES Continuous Monitoring, 1984: A Report to the Board of Overseers, National Election Studies , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010130.
Dataset(s): /1984 Continuous Monitoring/

ANES Staff. 1984. Weekly Field Report for the National Election Studies Continuous Monitoring, January 11-August 3, 1984: A Report to the Board of Overseers , National Election Studies, ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010129.
Dataset(s): /1984 Continuous Monitoring/

ANES Staff. 1984. Years of Schooling , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010131.
Dataset(s): /1984/

Bartels, Larry M. 2000. Question Order and Declining Faith in Elections , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010282.
Dataset(s): /Cumulative Date File/

Belli, Robert, Santa Traugott, and Steven J. Rosenstone. 1994. Reducing Over-Reporting of Voter Turnout: An Experiment using a ‘Source Monitoring’ Framework , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010153.
Dataset(s): /Special Fall 1994 Telephone Survey/

Berent, Matthew, K., Jon A. Krosnick, and Arthur Lupia. 2011. The Quality of Government Records and Over-estimation of Registration and Turnout in Surveys: Lessons from the 2008 ANES Panel Study’s Registration and Turnout Validation Exercises , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes012554.
Dataset(s): /ANES Data/

Bloom, Joel. 1991. Sources of Pro-incumbent Bias in ANES Survey Estimates for U.S. House Races Since 1978: A Second Look , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010158.
Dataset(s): /1952-1988 Cumulative Data File/

Bowers, Jake. 1995. ANES Pilot Study Efforts to Measure Values and Predispositions , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010136.
Dataset(s): /1983 Pilot; 1985 Pilot; 1987 Pilot; 1989 Pilot; 1991 Pilot/

Bowers, Jake, and Michael J. Ensley. 2003. Issues in Analyzing Data from the Dual-Mode 2000 American National Election Study , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010751.
Dataset(s): /2000/

Brehm, John. 1985. Analysis of Result Code Disposition by Time in Field, ANES Technical Report Series , No. nes010144.
Dataset(s): /1984 Continuous Monitoring/

Brehm, John. 1987. How Representative is the 1986 Post-Election Survey? , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010149.
Dataset(s): /1986/

Brehm, John. 1985. Question Ordering Effects on Reported Vote Choice , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010141.
Dataset(s): /1980; 1984/

Brehm, John. 1985. Report on Coding of Economic Condition Series in the 1984 Pre-Post Election Study , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010140.
Dataset(s): /1984/

Brehm, John. 1987. Who’s Missing? An Analysis of Non-response and Undercoverage in the 1986 National Election Studies Post-Election Survey , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010151.
Dataset(s): /1986/

Brehm, John, and Santa Traugott. 1986. Similarity and Representativeness of the 1985 Pilot Half-Samples , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010147.
Dataset(s): /1985 Pilot/

DeBell, Matthew. 2014. Religion Coding Report for the ANES 2012 Time Series , ANES Technical Report Series.
Dataset(s): /2012 Time Series/

DeBell, Matthew. 2010. How to Analyze ANES Survey Data , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes012492.
Dataset(s): /ANES Data/

DeBell, Matthew, and Natalya Maisel. 2022. Benchmark and Attrition Report for the ANES 2016 Time Series Study. , ANES Technical Report Series.
Dataset(s): /2016/

DeBell, Matthew, and Jonathan Cowden. 2010. Benchmark Report for the 2008 American National Election Studies Time Series and Panel Study , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes012493.
Dataset(s): /ANES Data/

DeBell, Matthew and Jon A. Krosnick. 2009. Computing Weights for American National Election Study Survey Data , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes012427.
Dataset(s): /ANES Data/

Duff, Brian, Michael J. Hanmer, Won-ho Park, and Ismail K. White. 2004. How Good is This Excuse?: Correction of Overreporting of Voter Turnout Bias in the 2002 American National Election Study , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010872.
Dataset(s): /ANES Data/

Ellis, Charles H., and Jon A. Krosnick. 1999. Comparing Telephone and Face-to-Face Surveys in Terms of Sample Representativeness: A Meta-Analysis of Demographic Characteristics , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010871.
Dataset(s): /ANES Data/

Gronke, Paul W. 1986. 1984 ANES Question C.2: R’s Party Registration , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010148.
Dataset(s): /1984/

Gronke, Paul W.. 1990. Assessing the Sample Quality of the 1988 Election Study: A Response to Wright , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010156.
Dataset(s): /1988 Senate Election Study/

Guggenheim, Lauren, Colleen McClain, Yioryos Nardis, and Ted Brader. 2019. Comparing Face-to-face and Web Modes in the ANES 2016 Time Series Study , ANES Technical Report Series.

Heeringa, Steve. 1998. The Surveycraft CATI System’s ‘Random Number Generation’ Features and Their Effects on Analysis of the 1997 ANES Pilot “Group Threat” Experiment , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010171.
Dataset(s): /1997 Pilot/

Holbrook, Allyson L., Melanie C. Green, and Jon A. Krosnick. 1998. Telephone Versus Face-to-Face Interviewing of National Probability Samples with Long Questionnaires: Comparisions of Respondents Satisficing and Social Desirability Response Bias , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes003217.
Dataset(s): /ANES data/

Jacoby, William G. 1998. Report on Values and Predispositions Items for the 1998 National Election Study , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010752.
Dataset(s): /2013 Internet Recontact/

Kalmoe, Nathan P. Trait Aggression in the ANES 2013 Internet Recontact Study , ANES Technical Report Series, No. anes006674.
Dataset(s): /1984/

Lake, Celinda C. 1984. Coding of Independent/Independents and Apoliticals in the Party Identification Summary Code and Apoliticals in the Rolling Cross Section , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010124.
Dataset(s): /1980/

Lake, Celinda C.. 1983. Comparison of 3-point, 5-point, and 7-point Scales from the CATI Experiment 1982 Election Study , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010122.
Dataset(s): /1982/

Lake, Celinda C.. 1983. Similarity and Representativeness of 1983 Pilot Samples , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010121.
Dataset(s): /1982; 1983 Pilot/

Luevano, Patricia. 1994. Response Rates in the National Election Studies, 1948-1992 , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010162.
Dataset(s): /1948; 1952; 1956; 1958; 1960; 1962; 1964; 1966; 1968; 1970; 1972; 1974; 1976; 1978; 1980; 1982; 1984; 1986; 1988; 1990; 1992; 1979 Pilot; 1983 Pilot; 1985 Pilot; 1987 Pilot; 1989 Pilot; 1991 Pilot; 1982 Method Comparison Project; 1988 Super Tuesday; 1988, 1990, 1992 Senate Election Study; 1980 Major Panel; 1972, 1974, 1976 Series File; 1956, 1958, 1960 ANES American Panel/

Mayer, Russell. 1991. Identifying Bias in Voting Models , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010159.
Dataset(s): /1988/

Morchio, Giovanna. 1987. Trends in ANES Response Rates , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010150.
Dataset(s): /1986/

Morchio, Giovanna, and Maria Sanchez. 1984. Comparison of the Michigan Method of District Assignment on the Telephone with the Personal Interview Simulated Data, 1982: A Report to the Board of Overseers , National Election Studies, ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010126.
Dataset(s): /1982 Methods Comparison/

Morchio, Giovanna, and Maria Sanchez. 1984. Creation of a Filter Variable to be Used When Analyzing Questions about Congressional Candidates in the 1982 Integrated Personal/ISR CATI/Berkeley, CATI Dataset: A Report to the Board of Overseers , National Election Studies, ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010125.
Dataset(s): /1982 Methods Comparison/

Morchio, Giovanna, Maria Sanchez, and Santa Traugott. 1985. Mode Differences: DK Responses in the 1984 Post-Election Study , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010145.
Dataset(s): /1984/

Morchio, Giovanna, and Santa Traugott. 1986. Congressional District Assignment in an RDD Sample: Results of 1982 CATI Experiment , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010146.
Dataset(s): /1982 CATI Post Election Data/

The National Election Study Ad Hoc Committee on Survey Mode. 1999. The State of Scientific Knowledge on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Telephone vs. Face-to-face Interviewing , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010173.
Dataset(s): /1982 Method Comparison; 1996/

Presser, Stanley, Michael W. Traugott, and Santa Traugott. 1990. Vote “Over” Reporting in Surveys: The Records or the Respondents? , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010157.
Dataset(s): /1964; 1972; 1976; 1980; 1984; 1988/

Rosenstone, Steven J., Margaret Petrella, and Donald Kinder. 1993. Excessive Reliance on Telephone Interviews and Short-Form Questionnaires in the 1992 National Election Study: Assessing the Consequences for Data Quality , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010161.
Dataset(s): /1992/

Sanchez, Maria. 1982. 7-Point Scales , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010119.
Dataset(s): /1980/

Sanchez, Maria. 1984. Branching versus 7-Point Scale Measurements , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010128.
Dataset(s): /1982 Methods Comparison/

Sanchez, Maria, and Giovanna Morchio. Undated. Probing Don’t Know Answers — Do We Always Want to Do This? , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010134.
Dataset(s): /1984/

Shanks, J. Merrill, Maria Sanchez, and Betsy Morton. 1983. Alternative Approaches to Survey Data Collection for the National Election Studies , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010120.
Dataset(s): /1982/

Sheng, Shing-Yuan. 1995. ANES Measurements of Values and Pre-Dispositions, 1984-1992 , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010168.
Dataset(s): /1984, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1992/

Stoker, Laura, and Jake Bowers. 2001. Designing Multi-Level Studies: Sampling Voters and Electoral Contexts , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010281.
Dataset(s): /ANES Data/

Survey Research Center Staff. 1998. Post-Stratified Cross-Sectional Analysis Weights for the 1992, 1994 and 1996 ANES data , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010174.
Dataset(s): /1996/

Tolleson-Rinehart, Sue, Douglas R. Davenport, Terry L. Gilmour, M. V. Hood III, William R. Moore, and Kurt Shirkey. 1994. The Reliability, Validity, and Scalability of Indicators of Gender Role Beliefs and Feminism in the 1992 American National Election Study: A Report to the ANES Board of Overseers , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010170.
Dataset(s): /1992/

Traugott, Michael W., Santa Traugott, and Stanley Presser. 1992. Revalidation of Self-Reported Vote , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010160.
Dataset(s): /1988/

Traugott, Santa. 1994. Affects Toward Candidates Used in ANES Studies, 1979-1994 , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010166.
Dataset(s): /1979; 1983; 1985; 1987; 1989; 1991; 1993; 1980; 1982; 1984; 1986; 1988; 1990; 1992; 1994; 1980 Major Panel; 1980 Minor Panel, 1984 Continuous Monitoring, 1988 Super Tuesday/

Traugott, Santa. 1985. Assessment of Media Measures in Pre-Post , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010143.
Dataset(s): /1980; 1984/

Traugott, Santa. 1985. Assessment of Media Measures in RXS , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010142.
Dataset(s): /1984 Continuous Monitoring/

Traugott, Santa. 1994. Candidate Placements Used in ANES Studies, 1968-1994 , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010167.
Dataset(s): /1979; 1983; 1985; 1987; 1989; 1991; 1993; 1980; 1982; 1984; 1986; 1988; 1990; 1992; 1994; 1980 Major Panel; 1980 Minor Panel, 1984 Continuous Monitoring, 1988 Super Tuesday/

Traugott, Santa. 1994. Candidate Traits Used in ANES Studies, 1979-1994 , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010165.
Dataset(s): /1979; 1983; 1985; 1987; 1989; 1991; 1993; 1980; 1982; 1984; 1986; 1988; 1990; 1992; 1994; 1980 Major Panel; 1980 Minor Panel, 1984 Continuous Monitoring, 1988 Super Tuesday/

Traugott, Santa. Undated. The Political Interest Variable on the 1984 Election Study , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010133.
Dataset(s): /1984; 1984 Continuous Monitoring/

Traugott, Santa. 1995. Sample Weighting in ANES Continuous Monitoring, 1984: A Report to the Board of Overseers, National Election Studies , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010138.
Dataset(s): /1984 Continuous Monitoring/

Traugott, Santa. 1985. Sample Weighting in ANES Pre-Post Presidential Election Surveys, 1984: A Report to the Board of Overseers , National Election Studies, ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010139.
Dataset(s): /1984/

Traugott, Santa. 1985. Some Analysis of Hard-to-Reach Rolling Thunder Respondents , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010137.
Dataset(s): /1984 Continuous Monitoring/

Traugott, Santa. 1984. Two Versions of the Abortion Question , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010127.
Dataset(s): /1980/

Traugott, Santa. 1989. Validating Self-Reported Vote: 1964-1988 , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010152.
Dataset(s): /1964; 1972, 1974, 1976 Series File; 1978; 1980; 1984; 1986; 1988/

Traugott, Santa, and Giovanna Morchio. 1990. Assessment of Bias Due to Attrition and Sample Selection in the ANES 1989 Pilot Study , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010154.
Dataset(s): /1988; 1989 Pilot/

Traugott, Santa, and Margaret Petrella. 1995. ANES Question Batteries: Measuring Values and Predispositions, 1983-1994 , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010169.
Dataset(s): /1983; 1985; 1987; 1989; 1991; 1993; 1984; 1986; 1988; 1990; 1992; 1994/

Traugott, Santa, and Steven J. Rosenstone. 1994. Demographic Characteristics of Respondents to the 1980, 1984 and 1988 ANES Pre-Election Studies by Week of Interview , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010164.
Dataset(s): /1980; 1984; 1988/

Traugott, Santa, and Steven J. Rosenstone. 1994. Panel Attrition Among the 1990-1992 Panel Respondents , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010163.

Wessel, Christina, Wendy Rahn, and Tom Rudolph. 2000. An Analysis of the 1998 ANES Mixed-Mode Design , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes008987.
Dataset(s): /1998/

Wlezien, Christopher. 2002. A Note on the Endogeneity of Ideological Placements of Government Institutions , ANES Technical Report Series, No. nes010750.
Dataset(s): /1997 Pilot/